专业英语八级(阅读)模拟题2019年(13)
(总分100,考试时间155分钟)
承担责任英语
PART II READING COMPREHENSIONsnow andreea balan
SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this ction there are veral passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choo the one that you think is the best answer.
(1)Thirty-ven men have been elected President since 1789, and the American people have applied two different standards in evaluating their achievements. The first was formulated by Alexander Hamilton who test-drove the presidency in the Federalist papers. The difficulty of winning the job, he argued, virtually guaranteed it would be held by the best men. "Talents for low intrigue, and the little art of popularity", could "elevate a man to the first honors in a single state". But only "characters pre-eminent for ability and virtue" could i
mpress the nation as a whole. The first ven Presidents, who filled the job for almost a half-century, confirmed Hamilton's prediction. George Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were heroes of the American Revolution. James Madison was the prime mover in the push to write and ratify the Constitution. James Monroe and John Quincy Adams had signal triumphs: Monroe successfully fought against the English troops during the war in 1814, and Adams, as Monroe's Secretary of State, conceived the Monroe Doctrine, which waved Europe off the western hemisphere. Andrew Jackson, the frontier warrior, beat the Creek Indians in the old Southwest and the British in New Orleans.
(2)It was not until the eighth President, Martin Van Buren, that America aimed lower. Van Buren was a smooth lf-made man from upstate New York who clambered to leadership first in his state, then in the Democratic Party nationwide. He was a wire puller and wheeler-dealer. Former President John Quincy Adams praid his "calmness", "gentleness" and "discretion", though not his "profound dissimulation" and "fawning rvility". Van Buren was a pol, first, last and always. He showed mat intrigue and the art
of popularity were now enough to win the White Hou. Since 1841, most successful presidential candidates have pasd the Van Buren test. The electorate wants leaders who have played the game, even if they haven't been All-Stars. It's a low but nsible hurdle; Obama qualifies by that standard.
(3)Voters also don't take kindly to non-politicians: two businessmen, Wendell Willkie and Ross Perot, made rious runs for the White Hou, although neither came clo. Americans will elect a political neophyte only if he pass the Hamilton test of pre-eminent ability. Ulyss S. Grant and Dwight Einhower had never held elective office, but they won their wars. Some Presidents pass both tests: Theodore Roovelt fought well in the Spanish-American War and in New York State politics. Among the prospective 2008 candidates, only one has shown pre-eminent ability: Rudy Giuliani, in solving the crime problem in the nation's largest city and in bis respon to 9/11.
(4)But is pre-eminent ability a reliable predictor of success? It doesn't guarantee victory at the polls. Henry Clay was master of legislative fines who helped broker the Missouri
Compromis of 1820-1821, a deal between slave states and free states that kept the two sides from each other's throats for 30 years. Yet he failed to become President in three tries. Great achievements don't guarantee great presidencies even when the pre-eminent man wins. The Einhower Administration, scorned by eggheads of the left and right while it was going on, has been revid upward by later scholars, and a similar process is lifting Grant's presidency from the cellar to which an unholy alliance of neo-Confederates and genteel reformers had consigned it. But neither man will ever be considered as great in peace as he was in war.
(5)There have also been ordinary-eming politicians who became epoch-making Presidents. After the 1932 Democratic Convention picked New York Governor Franklin D. Roovelt, journalist H. L. Mencken described him as a man "**petence was plainly in doubt." The Republican nomination of one-term Illinois Congressman Abraham Lincoln in 1860 brought this sneer from diarist George Templeton Strong: "He cut a great many rails, and worked on a flatboat in early youth; all which is somehow presumptive evidence of his statesmanship."
(6)Statesmanship is an art, which means there is always room for inspiration, and for grace. We are right to look for a record of pre-eminent ability when we can find it. But the basic doctrine of republican government, that all men are created equal, can be a surpri bonus for some leaders, as well as a guarantee of rights for all of us. Sometimes greatness appears in unlikely places, even in ordinary pols from Illinois.
dayfly
1. In Hamilton's view, "the best men" include all the following EXCEPT ______.
A. tho who are capable and noble-minded
B. tho who have the art of popularity
C. tho who confirmed Hamilton's prediction
D. John Adams who made great achievements
totolook>five minutes
2. Van Buren could win the presidency NOT becau ______.姿势英文怎么说
A. of his intrigue and the art of popularity
exspiderB. he was a lf-made man from upstate New York
闪语
C. of his "profound dissimulation" and "fawning rvility"
D. the Americans changed their standards
3. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Obama will probably become President according to the American history.
B. All the presidential candidates should pass both the two mentioned tests.
C. Who will be the next U.S. President is still not clear before election.十六英语
own是什么意思
D. Any presidential candidate would break the Hamilton and van Buren's tests.