2021年研究生入学考试英语二试题
Section I U of English
Directions：Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
"The Internet affords anonymity to its urs — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web.
Can privacy be prerved 2 bringing a mblance of safety and curity to a world that ems increasingly 3 ?
Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a 4 to make the Web a safer place — a “voluntary identify〞 system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might u a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate urs at a range of online rvices.
The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Urs could 9 which system to join, and only registered urs who identities have been authenticated could navigate tho systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s licen 10 by the government.
Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on〞 systems that make it possible for urs to 11 just once but u many different rvices.
12 lawyersupport是什么意思 , the approach would create a “walled garden〞 in safe “neighborhoods〞 and bright “streetlights〞 to establish a n of 13 community.
Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem〞 in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'"
Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It ems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a licen〞 mentality.
The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “volun
tary ecosystem〞 would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themlves, in drivers must be licend to drive on public roads.
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2keepthefaith． | | | | |
天津日语翻译3． | | | | |
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7． | | 英国驻华使馆 | | |
8． | | | | 妩媚英文 |
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10． | 栀子属 | | | |
11． | A.carry on | B.linger on | C.t in | D.log in |
12． | A.In vain | B.In effect | C.In return | D.In contrast |
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静心瑜伽16对外汉语教师资格证． | | | | |
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Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)
Text 1
Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 202X: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2021 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let tho enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.
Outside directors are suppod to rve as helpful, yet less biad, advirs on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elwhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice bad on having weathered their own cris.
The rearchers from Ohio University ud a databa hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 202X. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the rearchers concentrated on tho “surpri〞 disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surpri departure, the probability that the company will subquently have to restate earnings incread by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increas, and the stock is likely to perform wor. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subquent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are alway
s jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.〞 Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.
But the rearchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwi outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.
21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .
[A]gaining excessive profits
[B]failing to fulfill her duty
[C]refusing to make compromis
[D]leaving the board in tough times
22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are suppod to be .
[A]generous investors [B]unbiad executives
[C]share price forecasters [D]independent advirs
