奴隶制英文介绍
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Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of chattel slavery that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries.Slavery had been practiced in British North America from early colonial days,and was recognized in the Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.When the United States was founded,even though some free persons of color were prent,the status of slave was largely coincident with being of African descent,creating a system and legacy in which race played an influential role.After the Revolutionary War,abolitionist laws and ntiment gradually spread in the Northern states,while the rapid expansion of the cotton industry from 1800 led to the Southern states strongly identifying with slavery,and attempting to extend it into the new Western territories.The United States was polarized by slavery into slave and free states along the Mason-Dixon Line,which parated Maryland (slave) and Pennsylvania (free).
Although the international slave trade was prohibited from 1808,internal slave-trading continued,and the slave population would eventually peak at four million before abolition.
最好的英文名字
As the West opened up,the Southern states believed they needed to keep a balance between the numbers of slave and free states,in order to maintain a balance of power in Congress.The new territories acquired from Britain,France and Mexico were the subject of major political compromis.By 1850,the newly rich cotton-growing South was threatening to cede from the Union,and tensions continued to ri.With church ministers under pressure to preach slavery doctrine conforming to the local politics,the Baptist and Methodist churches split into regional organizations.When Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 election on a platform of no new slave states,the South finally broke away to form the Confederacy.This marked the start of the Civil War,which caud a huge disruption of Southern life,with many slaves either escaping or being liberated by the Union armies.The war effectively ended slavery,before the Thirteenth Amendment (December 1865) formally outlawed the institution throughout the United States.
知识拓展:
奴隶社会
奴隶社会:从公元前21世纪夏朝建立开始,到公元前221年秦王嬴政统一中国结束。
中体育随着石器的发展,金属工具的出现,生产进一步发展,劳动生产率有了较大的提高;社会产品除维持人们的生活必需以外,开始有了剩余。剩余产品的出现,一方面为一部分人摆脱繁重的体力劳动,专门从事社会管理和文化科学活动提供了可能,从而促进了生产的发展;另一方面也为私有制的产生准备了条件。
随着私有制的产生,社会上出现了剥削阶级和被剥削阶级,原始社会开始解体,奴隶社会产生。
奴隶视为奴隶主的财产,可以自由买卖,奴隶主可强迫奴隶工作,劳力活动须以奴隶为主,无报酬和人身自由。一个人类社会中,如果大部分物质生产领域劳动者是奴隶,这样的社会,叫奴隶社会。
大事年表
奴隶社会
夏朝:约前21世纪-约前inarray16世纪斟鄩(今河南洛阳)大禹姒文命
商朝:约前17世纪-约前11世纪亳crisps(今河南商丘)商太祖成汤paradi歌词(子天乙)云南翻译公司
周朝:约前total eclip11世纪-前256年
西周:约前11世纪-前771年镐(今陕西西安)周武王姬发
东周:前光电信息科学与工程就业前景770年-前256年洛邑(今河南洛阳)缅怀烈士周平王姬宜臼
;;春秋:前770年-前476年
;;战国:前475年-前221年
奴隶社会基本信息
奴隶视为是奴隶主的财产,可以买卖,奴隶主可强迫奴隶工作,劳力活动须以奴隶为主,无报酬,且无人身自由。一个人类社会中,如果大部分物质生产领域劳动者是奴隶,这样的社会,叫奴隶社会。夏朝是奴隶社会形成时期,奴隶制建立以王位世袭制取代禅让制和
一系列奴隶国家的出现为标志。商朝是奴隶社会的发展时期。奴隶制政治制度、国家机器进一步完善,残酷的刑法、“人牲”和“殉葬”。西周是奴隶社会的繁荣时期。奴隶社会的各种制度渐趋完善。井田制和分封制均在西周时期达到完善。在春秋时期奴隶社会的处于瓦解阶段,分封制的瓦解。春秋时期争霸战争和霸主政治是其最集中的体现。井田制的瓦解。土地所有制开始发生变迁。
原始社会瓦解后出现的人剥削人的社会。以奴隶主占有奴隶的人身、实行超经济奴役为主要特征。在奴隶社会中,奴隶主在经济和上层建筑居于主导地位,奴隶占有制生产方式决定着整个社会的基本发展方向。奴隶社会最早出现于埃及、西亚、中国和印度,继而在希腊和意大利等地产生。产生和确立原始社会末期,由于社会生产力和分工的发展,劳动生产率的提高,使得劳动者能够生产剩余产品,从而使奴役他人变为有利可图的事。在这种情况下,出现了人类历史上第一个人剥削