2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海英语试卷
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
We’re told that writing is dying. Typing on keyboards and screens 41 written communication today. Learning cursive (草书), joined-up handwriting was once 42 in schools. But now, not so much. Countries such as Finland have dropped joined-up handwriting lessons in schools 43 typing cours. And in the U. S., the requirement to learn cursive has been left out of core standards since 2013. A few U. S. states still place value on formative cursive educa tion, such as Arizona, but they’re not the 44 .
Some experts point out that writing lessons can have indirect 45 . Anne Trubek, author of The History and Uncertain Future of Handwriting, argues that such lessons can reinforce a skill called automaticity. That’s when you’ve perfected a task, and can do it almost without thinking. 46 you extra mental bandwi
dth to think about or do other things while you’re doing the task. In this n, Trubek likens handwriting to 47 .
“Once you have driven for a while, you don’t 48 think ‘Step on gas now’ (or) ‘Tu rn the steering wheel a bit’,”she explains. “Y ou just do it. That’s what we want children to 49 when learning to write. You and I don’t think‘now make a loop going up for the ‘I’or ‘now look for the letter ‘r’on the keyboard’.” Trubek has written many essays and books on handwriting, and she doesn’t believe it will die out for a very long time, “i f ever”. But she believes students are learning automaticity faster with keyboards than with handwriting: students are learning how to type without looking at the keys at 50 ages, and to type faster than they could write, granting them extra time to think about word choice or ntence structure. In a piece penned (if you’l l pardon the expression) for the New York Times last year, Trubek argued that due to the improved automaticity of keyboards, today’s children may well become better communicators in text as 51 takes up less of their education. This is a(n) 52 that has attracted both criticism and support.
英孚英语培训价格
She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of handwriting is that not 53 it will result in a “loss of hist ory” and a “loss of personal touch”.
On the former she 54 that 95% of handwritten manuscripts can’t be read by the average person anyway “that’s why we have paleographers,”she explains, paleography being the study of ancient styles of writing while the latter refers to the warm 55 we give to handwritten personal notes, such as thank-you cards. Some educators em to agree, at least to an extent.
41. A. abandons B. dominates C. enters D. absorbs
42. A. compulsory B. opposite C. crucial D. relevant
43. A. in want of B. in ca of C. in favour of D. in addition to
44. A. quantity B. minimum C. quality D. majority
45. A. responsibility B. benefits C. resources D. structure
46. A. granting B. getting C. bringing D. coming
47. A. sleeping B. driving C. reviewing D. operating
48. A. eventually B. constantly C. equivalently D. consciously
49. A. adopt B. reach C. acquire D. activate
永远跟党走演讲稿50. A. slower B. later C. faster D. earlier
51. A. handwriting B. adding C. forming D. understandingnoproblem
52. A. trust B. look C. view D. smile
53. A. containing B. spreading C. choosing D. protecting
54. A. commits B. counters C. completes D. compos
55. A. associations B. resources C. procedures D. interactions
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
All I had to do for the two dollars was clean her hou for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful hou, too, with a plastic-covered sofa and chairs, wall-to-wall blue-and-white carpeting, a white enamel stove, a washing machine and a dryer things that were common in her neighborhood, abnt in mine. In the middle of the war, she had butter, sugar, steaks, and am-up-the-back stockings.
I knew how to scrub floors on my knees and how to wash clothes in our zinc tub, but I had never en
a Hoover vacuum cleaner or an iron that wasn’t heated by fire.
Part of my pride in working for her was earning money I could squander (浪费): on movies, candy, paddleball, jacks, ice-cream cones. But a larger part of my pride was bad on the fact that I gave half my wages to my mother, which meant that some of my earnings were ud for real things an insurance-policy payment or what was owed to the milkman or the iceman. The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was profound. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, nuisances to be corrected, problems so vere that they were abandoned to the forest. I had a status that doing routine chores in my hou did not provide and it earned me a slow smile, an approving nod from an adult. Confirmations that I was adultlike, not childlike.
In tho days, the forties, children were not just loved or liked; they were needed. They could earn money; they could care for children younger than themlves; they could work the farm, take care of the herd, run errands (差事), and much more. I suspect that children aren’t needed in that way now. They are loved, doted on, protected, and helped. Fine, and yet…
Little by little, I got better at cleaning her hou good enough to be given more to do, much more. I was ordered to carry bookcas upstairs and, once, to move a piano from one side of a room to the other. I fell carrying the bookcas. And after pushing the piano my arms and legs hurt so badly. I wanted to refu, or at least to complain, but I was afraid she would fire me, and I would lo the freedom the dollar gave me, as well as the standing I had at home although both were slowly being eroded. She began to offer me her clothes, for a price. Impresd by the worn things, which looked simply gorgeous to a little girl who had only two dress to wear to school, I bought a few. Until my mother asked me if I really wanted to work for castoffs. So I learn ed to say “No, thank you” to a faded sweater offered for a quarter of a week’s pay.
Still, I had trouble summoning (鼓起) the courage to discuss or object to the increasing demands she made. And I knew that if I told my mother how unhappy I was she would tell me to quit. Then one day, alone in the kitchen with my father, I let drop a few whines about the job. I gave him details, exa
mples of what troubled me, yet although he listened intently, I saw no sympathy in his eyes. No “Oh, you poor little thing.” Perhaps he understood that what I wanted was a solution to the job, not an escape from it. In any ca, he put down his cup of coffee and said, “Listen. You don’t live there. You live here. With your people. Go to work. Get your money. And come on home.”plot是什么意思
That was what he said. This was what I heard:
Whatever the work is, do it well not for the boss but for yourlf.
You make the job: it doesn’t make you.
Your real life is with us, your family.
You are not the work you do: you are the person you are.
I have worked for all sorts of people since then, genius and morons, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I’ve had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of mylf, and I have never placed the curity of a job above the value of home.
56. What is the “pleasure” o f the author from the ntence “The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was profound. (par agraph 3)”?
A. She was proud as she could earn money for her mother.
B. Her own value of being needed.
C. She is distinctive from tho children in folktales.
D. She enjoyed a status of being an adult in her family.
57. According to the article, which of the following is true about children in the 1940s and now?
A. Children become needed, loved and liked when they are at forty.
B. Children in modern times are less likely to be spoiled by parents.
C. Children in 1940s are capable as they can handle various daily routine.
D. Children in modern times aren’t needed to do daily works any more.
58. What did the author’s father make her understand?
A. Don’t escape from difficulties at work.
B. Whatever decision she made, her father would support her.
C. Convey her dissatisfaction with her work.
D. Make a distinction between work and life.
加拿大本科申请条件59. Which of the following corresponds to the author’s views in the passage?
A. Don’t regard work achievement as a criterion for evaluating onelf.
B. Hard work is a struggle for a better future in your limited life.
C. Parents are the best teachers of children.
D. Job curity is less valuable when compared with family.
B
Geographers are interested in the spatial patterns obrved on earth. Bridging the natural and social
sciences, Geography is the interdisciplinary study of environments and how people interact with the environment. It is important to study geog raphy becau many of the world’s problems require understanding the interdependence between human activities and the environment. Geography is therefore a beneficial major for students becau its theories and methods provide them with analytical skills relevant to occupations focud on solving social and environmental problems. The Department of Geography offers eight majors that help students tailor their focus of study.
The Geography-globalization and Development major will provide students with a sophisticated understanding of contemporary global issues and a geographical framework for analyzing key issues involved in national and international development. Reflecting the discipline of geography as a whole, this major emphasizes an integrated approach to studying the relationship of global change to individual and community well-being by combining the benefits of area studies with theoretical and topical investigations in the curriculum.新冠肺炎英文名修订为covid 19
Our department is committed to excellence in both teaching and advising. Several of our faculty members have received teaching awards, and we are known across campus for the quality of our advising. As a geography major, you will meet one-on-one with your faculty advisor every mester during advising week, and you are always welcome to talk with your advisor at any time throughout t
he mester whenever questions may ari. In addition to advising our students about their academic programs, we
provide timely information about internships, nationally competitive awards, and other opportunities as they ari. Many of our students complete internships and veral of our students over the last few years have received nationally competitive awards.郊区英语
For more information about our program, plea visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, who information is listed above.
Admissions Information
Freshmen/First-year Admission
No requirements beyond University admission requirements.
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Change of Program Policy
No lective or limited admission requirements.
External Transfer Admission
No requirements beyond University admission requirements.
Opportunities Upon Graduation
With a liberal arts degree in Geography globalization and Development, students are prepared for employment in a variety of fields, including non-profit and government work, particularly in the areas of community and international development. This degree will also prepare students well to work in the private ctor in an international context. Graduates from this program will also be well situated to continue on to graduate school or law school, with rearch and professional interest in academic fields, including, but not limited to, geography, public affairs and policy, development studies, and community and regional planning.
Brow through dozens of internship opportunities and full-time job postings for Ohio University students and alumni on Handshake, OHIO’s key resource for rearching jobs, employers, workshops, and professional development events.
60. Who can be lected as the target of the geography cour in the passage?
A. A freshman who has studied in a university.
B. A college student majoring in geography.
C. A nior high school graduate interested in geography.
D. A high school graduate who wants to find a job
61. What are the advantages of choosing the geography major in this university in terms of employment?
A. Acquiring skills to solve social and environmental problems.
B. Understanding contemporary global issues.
C. Getting one-on-one information on geography teaching.
D. Achieving more international opportunities.
62. Where is the most likely place to read this passage?
A. In a magazine.
B. On the university website.
C. In a geographic journal.
D. On the enrollment information network.
C
Composite image of Europe and North Africa at night, 2016. Credit: NASA Earth Obrvatory images by Joshua Stevens, using Suomi NPP VIIRS data from Miguel Roman, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Artificial light is often en as a sign of progress: the march of civilization shines a light in the dark; it takes back the night; it illuminates. But a chorus of scientists and advocates argues that unnaturally bright nights are bad not just for astronomers but also for nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals and even for human health.
Now rearch shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth’s artificially lit area expanded by an estimated 2.2 percent a year (map), according to a study published last November in Science Advances. Even that increa may understate the problem, however. The measurement excludes
light from most of the energy-efficient LED lamps that have been replacing sodium-vapor technology
in cities all over the world, says lead study author Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral rearcher at the German Rearch Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.
The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). It can measure long-wavelengths of light, such as tho produced by traditional yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIRS cannot e the short-wavelength blue light produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disrupt human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals’behavior.
Credit: Mapping Specialists: Source: “Artificially Lit Surface of Earth at Night Increasing in Radiance and Extent.” by Christopher C. M. Kyba et al. in Science Advances, V ol. 3. No 11, Article No, El701528; November 22, 2017.
The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caud already bright countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the U. S. to register as having stable levels of illumination in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increas in the u of traditional lighting. Australia actually appeared to lo lit area but the rearchers say that is becau wildfires skewed the data.
“The fact that VIIRS finds an increa (in many countries), despite its blindness in the part of the spectrum that incread more, is very sad,”says Fabiofalchi, a rearcher at I taly’s Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute, who did not participate in the study. In 2016 Falchi, along with Kyba and veral other members of his rearch team, published a global atlas of artificial lighting that showed one third of the world’s population currently lives under skies too bright to e the Milky Way at night.
The data also cast doubt on the idea that the LED lighting revolution will lead to energy cost savings. Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long-wavelength light as its GDP incread by 13 p ercent. And overall, countries’ total light production correlated with their GDP. In other words, Kyba says, “we buy as much light as we are willing to spend money on.”
63. Which is not true about the spread of lit areas?
A. Lit area expanded by an estimated 2.2 percent a year.
B. Artificial light is often en as a sign of progress.
C. The increa in GDP is due to the increa in light.
D. It is bad for nocturnal animals and even for human health.
64. Which of the following about VIIRS is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It is a kind of NASA satellite device.五年级上册英语人教版跟读软件
B. It can record and analyze long-wavelength light.
C. The blue light generated by white LEDs can disrupt human sleep cycles.
D. VIIRS has found an increa of traditional lighting in lots of nations.
65. According to the article, what we can know about the LEDs?
A. Artificial LED lights at nights are harmful to people’s health.
B. It is a sign of civilization in modern society.
ahiC. The blue l ight disrupts human and animals’ life cycles.
D. Artificially lit surface of Earth increasing becau of LEDs.
66. The author writes this article to .
A. show the VIIRS data from NASA
B. demonstrate the significance of VIIRS for its measurement of wavelengths
C. reveal the relationship between wavelength light and GDP
D. arou people’s awareness of light pollution
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper ntence given in the box. Each
