八拜之交：原表示世代有交情的两家弟子谒见对方长辈时的礼节，旧时也称异姓结拜的兄弟姐妹。
● friendship between sworn brothers or sisters
● friendship between very clo friends who understand each other and recommend each other at the sacrifice of their own interests
后来八拜之交指：
管鲍之交——管仲和鲍叔牙
知音之交——伯牙和钟子期
刎颈之交——廉颇和蔺相如
舍命之交——protestor羊角哀和左伯桃
胶漆之交——陈重和雷义
鸡黍之交——元伯和巨卿
忘年之交——孔融和祢衡
生死之交——刘备、张飞和关羽
莫逆之交：bosom friends
总角之交：friendship between people who are friends since childhood
一般作宾语，指儿时的朋友。总角：古代未成年的人把头发扎成髻。借指童年时期，幼年。总角是八九岁至十三四岁的少年，古代儿童将头发分作左右两半，在头顶各扎成一个结，形如两个羊角，故称“总角”。
贫贱之交：friendship between people who are poverty-stricken and from humble circumstances
杵臼之交：friendship between people who do not care about the financial condition and social status of each other
杵：舂米的木棒；臼：石臼。比喻交朋友不计较贫富和身分。
君子之交：如何查英语四级成绩friendship between gentlemen
小人之交：friendship between villains
狐朋狗友：people who often gather together doing something meaningless and even illegal
棋友/牌友/球友：people who often meet to play chess, poker, ball. etc.
战友：people who get to know each other while rving in the same army unit
普通老百姓交的朋友 谓“布衣之交”；
有钱人与没钱人交朋友 谓“车笠之交”；
在逆境中结交的朋友 称“患难之交”；
吃喝玩乐结交的朋友 称“酒肉之交”；
年岁差别大，行辈不同而交情深厚的朋友 称“忘年之交”；
幼年相交的朋友 称cet4真题下载“竹马之交”；
交情深厚的朋友 谓“肺腑之交”；
亲密无间的朋友 谓“胶漆之交”；
生死与共的朋友 谓“生死之交”；
情投意合的朋友 称“莫逆之交”；
哪怕砍头也不改变友谊的朋友 称“刎颈之交”；
无意中相遇而结成的朋友 称“邂逅之交”；
在道义上互相支持的朋友 称“君子之交”；
只见过一次面，交情不深的朋友 称“一面之交”；
仅点头打招呼，感情不深的朋友 称“点头之交”；
平淡而浮泛交往的朋友 称“泛泛之交”；
见过面但不熟悉的人 称love money“半面之交”；
czu旧时结拜的兄弟姊妹 称“八拜之交”；
交友不嫌贫贱 称“杵逆之交例如用英语怎么说”；
宝贵而有价值的交往 称“金玉之交”。
儒家思想 Confucianism
儒家文化 Confucian culture
道教 Taoism babara
墨家 Mohism
法家 Legalism
佛教 Buddhism
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu
墨子 Mo Tzu
孙子 Sun Tzu
象形文字 pictographic characters
《大学》 The Great Learning
《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》 The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》 The Mencius
《孙子兵法》couchsurf The Art of War
《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms
《西游记》 Journey to the West
文房四宝 the Four Treasures of the Study
（笔墨纸砚） ( brush ,ink Stick ,paper , and ink stone )
《红楼梦》 Dream of Red Mansions
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes
《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror
《春秋》 The Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》 Historical Records
《诗经》 The Book of Songs
《易经》 The Book of Changes
《礼记》 The Book of Rites
《三字经》 Three-character Scriptures
八股文 eight-part essay
五言绝句 five-character quatrain
七言律诗 ven-character octave
（一）Chine characters were initially meant to be simple pictures ud to help people remember things. After a long period of development, it finally became a unique character system that embodies phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time. The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones and tortoi shells, and the are regarded as the original forms of Chine characters. Afterwards, Chine characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc. Chine characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chine beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth. The five basic strokes of Chine characters are “---“ (the horizontal stroke) “│” (the vertical stroke), “情人节快乐英文zeezeez／”( the left-falling stroke), “＼” (the right-falling stroke), and “乙” (the turning stroke).
汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、形、意韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初形。此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。汉字结构“外圆内方“， 源于古人”天圆地方“的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。
（二）Chine Taoism Taoism first originated in China. The founder of Taoism is Laozi, a philosopher and thinker who lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period (770BC-476BC). Tao Te Ching who authorship has been attributed to Laozi, is considered to be the main Taoist classic. Taoism advocates the value of a human being’s life, recommends the discarding of all desires and worries from one’s mind, and encourages the cultivation of moral character and the nourishment of human nature. The following is an example of Laozi’s golden saying: The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way; the names that can be named are not unvarying names. It was from the nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang; The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind. Truly, only he that rids himlf forever of desire can e the cret esnces; He that has never rid himlf of desire can e only the outcomes.
