专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷14 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 MIN)Directions: In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.
SECTION B PASSAGESDirections: In this ction, you will hear veral passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文： The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world’s technology. So says more than one study in recent years. The main reason for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers. Since 1976, employment of scientists and engineers has gone up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds—the near term source of future PhDs—is declining. Further adding to the problem is the incread competition for
the candidates from other fields: law, medicine, business, etc. While the number of U.S. PhDs in science and engineering declines, the award of PhDs to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly. Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded becau of the inten demand industry has for bright Bachelor’s and Master’s degree holders. Too often, promising PhD candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible.
1． The U.S. will come to lo its leading place in technology probably becau
A．the number of PhD degree holders is declining.
B．the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing.
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C．the number of 22-year-olds is declining.上网的利弊
D．scientists and engineers are not employed.
正确答案：B
唇亡齿寒翻译解析：细节题。短文一开始点明主题，美国将逐渐失去它在技术方面的领先地位，原因是科学家和工程师在数量上双双减少，接下来分析了减少的原因。B为正确答案。A具有强干扰性，但不是博士生总量少了，而是从事科学和工程方面的博士生少了，故应排除。 知识模块：短文听力
2． The candidates of the PhD in the field of science and engineering is facing a competition from
A．technology.
逆境中成长B．foreign nationals.gangbanged
C．such fields as law.会计专升本考试科目
D．postgraduates.
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。文中提到工科博士减少的原因之一是报考博士的考生受到来自法律，医学
和商业方面的竞争，故C为正确答案。B具有强干扰性，但文中只提到越来越多的博士学位颁发给外国人，但并未说对本国的科技领域构成竞争，故应排除。 知识模块：短文听力
3． Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PhD degree becau
A．they are not encouraged to be engaged in science.
B．industry does not require PhD holders.
C．they won’辞职的好理由t earn much money after graduation.
D．they will face the cost and financial sacrifice.
正确答案：D
解析：细节题。文章结尾说很难动员学生继续深造，因为工业需要大量本科和硕士毕业生，对许多有望继续攻读博士的学生来讲，继续深造就意味着在费用和财力方面必须付出和牺牲。据此推断D为正确答案。 知识模块：短文听力
听力原文： Nowadays, the standard for measuring power has changed. The changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’s political influence be bad solely on the strength of its military forces. Of cour, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also cloly tied to industrial competitiveness. It’s often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world. America must recognize this new cour of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpo of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic mat it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership. The competitiveness of America’s industrial ba is an issue bigger than the Department of Defen and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society: government, industry and education.
4． Now, a nation’s political influence depends on
A．the strength of its military forces.
B．its ability to compete in industry.
C．economic markets.
D．both A and B
正确答案：D
解析：推理题。短文一开始开篇点题，说如今衡量国力大小的标准发生了变化，军事力量的大小不再是决定一个国家政治影响力的唯一因素；相比之下，一个国家的在国际市场上的综合经济竞争力更为重要，故D为正确答案。 知识模块：短文听力
5． The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just becau of
A．its powerful military forces.
B．its vast land.
谷歌英文网C．its industrial competitiveness.
D．its contributions to world peace.
正确答案：A
解析：推理题。文中提到过去决定一个国家的政治影响力的主要因素是军事力量，前苏联当时如果没有强大的军事力量，它便其实是个第三世界国家。故答案为A。 知识模块：短文听力
6． America has succeeded in shaping world events over the past 40 years probably becau of
A．its ability to adapt technology.
B．its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its people.
C．its ability to compete in the world markets.
D．both A and B
正确答案：D
解析：细节题。文中明确指出美国在过去40年里能引领世界方向是得益于技术调整和利用人民的能力来维持和平的能力，不难得出D为正确。 知识模块：短文听力
结果状语从句听力原文： Today the official language of the United States and most of Canada is English. However, French almost became the official language becau of a war. The French and Indian War was fought between 1754 and 1763. The name of this war is not accurate becau the war was actually between England and France. The Indians fought on the side of the French. France and England were trying to gain control of North America. France held Canada, and England held part of what is now the United States. However, France tried to expand its land by moving southward into New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia. When the French built a fort on the Ohio River, the residents in Virginia nt George Washington to attack the fort in 1754. However, the French defeated Washington. The French, aided by the Indians, outsmarted the English a
nd won many early battles. Later, the British began to do well against the French. In the final battle in Quebec, Canada, General Wolfe of England faced General Montcalm from France. Both generals died in this battle. But the English outlasted the French and won the battle. Thus, most of North America today has the English culture and language.
