儿童动画 Packet Tracer 5.0是一款非常不错的Cisco(思科)网络设备模拟器,对于想考思科初级认证(如CCNA)的朋友们来说,Packet Tracer 5.0是非常不错的选择。通常我们周围并没有那么多思科的设备供我们学习调试,参加培训费用很贵,上机实践的机会还是有限的,利用Packet Tracer 5.0练习思科IOS操作命令很不错的。近日,在网上下载了思科CCNA640-802指导用书,打算根据此教程与诸位网友共同分享Packet Tracer 5.0的使用方法与技巧,也借此抛砖引玉。 帧中继是一种用于连接计算机系统的面向分组的通信方法。它主要用在公共或专用网上的局域网互联以及广域网连接。大多数公共电信局都提供帧中继服务,把它作为建立高性能的虚拟广域连接的一种途径。帧中继是进入带宽范围从56Kbps到1.544Mbps的广域分组交换网的用户接口。帧中继是从综合业务数字网中发展起来的,并在1984年推荐为国际电话电报咨询委员会(CCITT)的一项标准,另外,由美国国家标准协会授权的美国TIS标准委员会也对帧中继做了一些初步工作。 数据链路连接标识符(DLCI) 这个信息包含标识号,它标识多路复用到通道的逻辑连结。帧中继交换机将两端的DLCI关联起来,它是帧中继帧格式中地字段的一个重要部分之一,这是个6位标识,表示正在进行的客户和服务器之间的连接,用于RFCOMM 层。 帧中继使用DLCI来标识DTE和服务商交换机之间的虚电路。DLCI字段的长度一般为10bit,但也可扩展为16bit,前者用二字节地址字段,后者是三字节地址字段。23bit用四字节地址字段。DLCI值用于标识永久虚电路(PVC),呼叫控制或管理信息。DLCI只具有本地意义。 一、使用Packet Tracer 5.0构建帧中继仿真 添加三个2811路由器和一个云 图一 图二 给2811添加一个具有串口的模块 图三 图四 把路由器2811的串口与云的串口相连,路由器的串口为DTE 图五 实验拓扑图及IP地址、DLCI分配 二、配置Frame Relay 以Router2为例,其它两个路由器相似,\\后是人为添加的注释,在实际配置时不存在 Router>en \\进入特权配置模式 Router#conf t \\进入全局配置模式 Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup \\取消名称解析 Router(config)#hostname Router2 \\配置路由器的名字 Router2(config)#int fa0/1 \\进入接口配置模式 Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.18.1.1 255.255.255.0 \\配置ip地址 Router2(config-if)#no shut \\激活端口 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up Router2(config-if)#int rial0/3/0 Router2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay \\对串口rial0/3/0进行frame-relay封装 Router2(config-if)#no shut %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up Router2(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up Router2(config-if)#interface rial0/3/0.1 point-to-point \\进入串口的子接口配置模式 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0.1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0.1, changed state to upRouter2 (config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 \\为子接口配置IP地址 Router2(config-subif)#description Link Router1 DLCI 30 \\为子接口添加描述 Router2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 40 \\配置DLCI Router2(config-subif)#interface rial0/3/0.2 point-to-point %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0.2, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0.2, changed state to upRouter2 (config-subif)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 Router2(config-subif)#description link to Router0 DLCI20 Router2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 41 Router2(config-subif)#end %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router2#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router2(config)#router eigrp 100 \\在路由器上启用EIGRP路由协议 Router2(config-router)#network 172.18.0.0 \\通告与自己直接想连的网段 Router2(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 Router2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router2(config-router)# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router2#copy running-config startup-config \\保存配置 Destination filename [startup-config]? [OK] Router2# 路由器Router0的配置: Router0#sh running-config Current configuration : 830 bytes ! version 12.4 no rvice password-encryption ! hostname Router0 ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description Link to Router 2 ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 20 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description Link to Router1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 21 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 172.16.0.0 network 192.168.3.0 network 192.168.2.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器Router1的配置 Router1#sh running-config Current configuration : 843 bytes ! version 12.4 no rvice password-encryption ! hostname Router1 ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed autothe four shutdown ! 现状英文interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.17.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description link to Router2 DLCI40 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 30 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description link to router0 DLCI21 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 31 ! 网上打字赚钱interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.2.0 network 172.17.0.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! !福尔摩斯基本演绎法>master piece ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器Router2的配置 Router2#sh running-config Current configuration : 841 bytes ! version 12.4 no rvice password-encryption ! hostname Router2 ! better me什么意思! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.18.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description Link Router1 DLCI 30 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 40 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description link to Router0 DLCI20 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 41 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 172.18.0.0 network 192.168.3.0 network 192.168.1.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器配置完毕后,还需要配置Cloud0。 图六 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的rial0配置DLCI及LMI类型 图七 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的rial1配置DLCI及LMI类型 图八 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的rial2配置DLCI及LMI类型 图九 根据路由器的相关配置,配置Cloud0的Frame Relay 三、配置各个计算机,并使用ping命令校验网络的连通性 pc0 PC>ipconfig : 172.16.1.2 : 255.255.255.0 : 172.16.1.1 马云演讲PC>ping 192.168.1.1 Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=141ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=143ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-conds: Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 143ms, Average = 126ms PC>ping 192.168.2.2 Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=47ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-conds: Minimum = 47ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average = 58ms PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=93ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-conds: Minimum = 93ms, Maximum = 125ms, Average = 105ms PC>ping 172.17.1.1 Pinging 172.17.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=112ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=123ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 172.17.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-conds: Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 123ms, Average = 113ms PC>ping 172.18.1.1 Pinging 172.18.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=140ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 172.18.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), mansionApproximate round trip times in milli-conds: new york minute Minimum = 109ms, Maximum = 140ms, Average = 121ms |
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