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Saint Jeroen
In 847 A.D.the Scottish Benedictine monk Jeroen t foot ashore on what is today the sandy beach of Noordwijk.At the time,Noordwijk was a small hamlet with a few farms.The monk devoted hims-elf passionately to his missionary work.He
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built a chapel devoted to the holy
Saint Martin.Jeroen was to enjoy the chapel for a short period of time however: in 856 he was tortured and
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decapitated by plundering Vikings.After his death Jeroen was extensive-
ly worshipped as a martyr.On the
site where he was killed a Roman chapel was built about 980 A.D.which quickly developed into a place of pilgrimage.
Round about 1303 the construction of a large stone church with a bell
tower was finished on the site of the chapel of Jeroen.This was the predecessor of the Grote of St.Jeroenskerk.In 1429 the Bishop of Utrecht granted Noordwijk the offi-cial status of place of pilgrimage,with as its most impor-tant relic the skull of Saint Jeroen that was kept in the church.Not long after,the church was struck by a large fire.It was rebuilt however and even enlarged.
Throughout the ages the Grote of St.Jeroenskerk develo-ped even more into a church for pilgrims,which yielded considerable income for Noordwijk.The Eighty Y ears’War brought an end to that.Only by paying a large sum of money to the army of William of Orange the demolition of the Grote of St.Jeroenskerk could be averted during the Iconoclastic Fury of 1566.All catholic elements such as altars and jewellery were taken from the church howe-ver.Even wor,the most important relic disappeared: the skull of Saint Jeroen.As yet it is still not found.
At the end of the nineteenth century another new roman-catholic church was built in Noordwijk in honour of Saint Jeroen,which still has an altar that contains a number of bones of Saint Jeroen.
Jan van der Does
Saint Jeroen has cured Noordwijks place in history on religious grounds.In intellectual and artistic aspect Noordwijk earns its place in history as well.To a large extent this is the accomplishment of Janus Dousa,or Jan van der Does (1545-1606),who was Lord of the shire of Noordwijk from 1551 until his death.V an der Does was a man of great reputation,becau he had defended the city of Leiden together with a handful of volunteers when it was besieged in 1547.Furthermore he was one of founders of the Leiden University and the first librari-an of this University.V an der Does was also a widely res-pected diplomat,historian and poet.As a poet he shared his international fame with his place of birth,by signing his Latin poetry with ‘Janus Dousa Nordovix’(Jan van der Does of Noordwijk).
Albert Verwey
Another famous man from Noordwijk was the writer Albert Verwey (1865-1937).As member of the literary group ‘De Tachtigers’en co-founder of ‘De Nieuwe Gids’he made V illa Nova on the Prins Hendrikweg a port of call for famous writers and poets.People like Herman Gorter.Willem Kloos,Jacob van Looy,Frederik van Eeden and Lodewijk van Deyl as well as Noordwijk born Henriëtte Roland Holst regularly paid visits to Verwey.The artists Jan T oorop and Leon Senf would also often be found at Villa Nova.
Verwey himlf was highly disturbed by the fact that parts of the beach were increasingly rerved for the growing number of aside visi-tors.As an ardent stroller he felt that his freedom was restrained by it.
Seaside recreation One of the things that have strongly contribu-ted to the opening up of Noordwijk is aside recreation.The year 1886 is generally en as the year of birth of Noordwijk as a aside resort,becau in this year the first bath atten-dant was appointed.At first,aside recreati-on was an exclusive
A historic view of Noordwijk
Noordwijk has a rich history characterized by openness towards the outside world and a compre-hensive exchange of people, culture, religion, beliefs and goods. Following are some of the highlights of the development of Noordwijk and a description of some prominent citizens over the ages.
affair for a small group of people from outside Noordwijk.They were attracted by the purifying quality of the awater.The first developers of bathhous and villas on the coast were also from outside Noordwijk.The development was unstoppable and slowly Noordwijk became an important bathing resort.
The development of a residential area in the South-dunes,the construction of Huis ter Duin between
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1883and 1885 and the arrival of the steam tram made Noordwijk one of the most important bathing resorts on the North Sea coast at the end of the nineteenth century.Fishery
The ri of Noordwijk as a bathing resort meant the decline of fishery.Since the late Middle Ages fishery had
been an important resource of income for the village.The cha-racteristic ‘bomschui-ten’(fishing boats that looked like bombs)departed from the beach of Noordwijk,
while more deep-lying ships such as
‘buizen’departed from ports like
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Vlaardingen and Delfshaven.
Around 1700 the importance of fishery started to decline for Noordwijk.In inner Noordwijk the cultivation of
herbs flourished.伤感网名大全2012最新版的
In addition other companies emerged,like rope-yards and producers of fishing nets.The devel-opments were unstoppable for Noordwijk.There remai-ned too little shipping companies and the government lacked the initiative to stimulate the fishery.In 1913 the last ‘bomschuit’put out to a.
Cultivation of herbs Traditionally the cultivation of herbs was an important means of existence for Noordwijk.From the end of the six-teenth century the medical appliance of herbs was recom-mended by professors from Leiden such as Herman Boerhaave.Even hereditary stadholder Willem V paid a visit to the herb gardens and nurries of Noordwijk.The herb culture of Noordwijk reached its zenith in the eighteenth century.Until the end of the nineteenth cen-tury herbs from Noordwijk remained very popular.Nevertheless,the herb trade slowly lost territory to che-mically produced pharmaceutics.
Bulb-growing
induction
While the cultivation of herbs slowly lost ground to the upcoming chemical pharmaceutics,another activity showed a steady growth: bulb-growing.
From 1880 on there had been a substantial growth in the number of bulb growers and bulb-fields.At the end of the nineteenth century there were approximately 250active bulb growers in Noordwijk,who collectively plan-ted 252 hectares with tulips,narcissus,gladiolas and
other flowers.Companies that had been in the business of the cultivation of herbs for years started focussing on bulb-growing completely from about 1930.Noordwijk built a national and international reputation by organi-zing prominent bulb-exhibitions.For example,in 1932Count V an Limburg Stirum gave permission to organize the third Flora Park on the Offem-estate.
Contributions from Noordwijk were also to be admired at exhibitions in Great Britain,Switzerland and Russia.The export of bulbs and later on of flowers as well,con-tributed to Noordwijks international reputation.
That period of flourish is over.Where the extensive bulb-fields once were,large residential areas have been built.Thanks to the flourishing tourism,the congress centre,
the ESTEC and many other companies however,Noordwijk is still prosperous and blooming.
Colophon
This brochure was made by
京翰教育Huijskens & Istha
Corporate & Financial Communications
in order of the Municipality of Noordwijk. Graphic design: Cees Merk
Print: DEA Drukkerijen BV,Amsterdam Photos: Erik Kelderman - Studio 360°
International Flower Bulb Centre
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Gemeentearchief Noordwijk
Jaco van Leeuwen
Kati van Helden
Noordwijk Regio Congres Bureau
女生英文名大全VVV Noordwijk
August 2005
