非谓语动词讲解及练习(含答案)
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own.
A.change B.changing
C.changed D.to change
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会,包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。
2.115.______ his love, Chris nt his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day.
A.Expressing B.Expresd C.To express D.Having expresd
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。
3.When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.asking B.asked
C.having asked D.to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和
值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。
考点:考查省略的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。
即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,______ is more true than any other.
A.once gained B.when to gain
C.after gaining D.while gaining
解析:A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。
4.(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ___________ at the night sky.
A.to stare B.staring
C.stared D.having stared
【答案】B
【解析】
石家庄培训机构试题分析:考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I,两者之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:没有比背躺在草地中间,盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故B正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词用法
5.________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.
A.Having eaten B.To eat
C.Eat D.Eating
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:分析句子结构可知,主句主语为Tina,前半句为从句,应该用非谓语动词作状语,故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来,故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系,且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前,故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词作状语
6.The message is very important, so it is suppod _______ as soon as possible.
alderA.to be nt B.to nd C.being nt D.nding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意:这则信息非常重要,因此它应该被尽快地传达到。be suppod to do sth.表示“理应做某事”,是习惯搭配,而且nd和the message 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故使用被动语态形式。故选A。
borrow7.(天津)I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.
A.to eat;to try B.eating;trying
英语四级不到425有用吗C.eating;to try D.to eat; trying
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do(打算做),couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。
点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。
8.________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
A.Having spent B.To spend
C.Spent D.To have spent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:已经花完了几乎所有的钱,我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的,根据句意可知,“花钱”的动作发生在过去,排除B、D;过去分词表完成和被动,we与spend是主谓关系,应该用现在分词,排除C;当两个动作有先后关系时,用现在分词的完成式,现在分词的完成式在本句相当于becau we have spent nearly all our money,表原因。故选A。
9.Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, _________ university graduates to start their own business.
A.encouraging B.to encourage
C.having encouraged D.encouraged
【答案】A
【解析】
非谓语动词结构作非限定的后置定语,修饰先行词演说(“a speech”)。动词鼓励(“enco
urage”)与先行词构成主动关系,且为进行动作,因此用现在分词进行形式。现在分词进行:doing句意:李克强总理在会上发表了一个演说,鼓励大学毕业生创造自己的企业。
10.The park was full of people, ________ themlves in the sunshine.
A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed
2013年英语四级真题C.enjoying D.to enjoy
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受。enjoy和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语。故选C。
11.I had been betrayed by tho who I trusted veral times, ______ in a suspicious attitude towards everything and everyone.
cinch
A.resulted B.having resulted C.resulting D.to result
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语做结果状语。句意:我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次,导致我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度。“”为固定搭配,意为“导致”。前一句“我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次”,导致后面的结果“我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度”。前一句导致后面的结果,此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语,因此选C。
12.With the homework _______, the students can go to have a picnic.
A.being done B.done
C.doing D.to do
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:做完作业后,学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构,homework和动词do是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,指作业被做,过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。
【名师点睛】
red是什么意思with复合结构cryptome
“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种,同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因,结果,伴随,方式”等情况。
(1)with + 宾语 + 形容词疯狂英语900句
The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. (表伴随)
(2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The old man ud to take a walk with a stick in his hand. (表方式)
(3)with + 宾语 + 副词
verb
The proud girl walked away with her head up. (表方式)
(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词
Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. (表原因)