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Land
Land is a delineable [diˈlinieit] area of the earth's terrestrial [tiˈrestriəl] surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface including tho of the near-surface climate the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, rivers, marshes, and swamps [swɔmp]), the near-surface dimentary /ˌdɪˈmentəri/aids是什么意思 (沉淀性的) layers and associated groundwater rerve, the plant and animal populations, the human ttlement pattern and physical results of past and prent human activity (terracing, water storage or drainage structures, roads, buildings, etc. [etˈtərə熟稔] (=et cetera)). (UN, 1994)
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Land u
Land u is the human modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and ttlements. The major effect of land u on land cover since 1750 has been deforestation of temperate regions. More recent significant effects of land u include urban sprawl, soil erosion, soil degradation, salinization [səlini'ze
iʃən], and dertification. Land-u change, together with u of fossil fuels, are the major anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide, a dominant greenhou gas. It has also been defined as "the total of arrangements, activities, and inputs that people undertake in a certain land cover type".
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Land cover
Land cover corresponds to a (bio) physical description of the earth's surface. It is that which overlays or currently covers the ground. This description enables various biophysical categories to be distinguished - basically, areas of vegetation (trees, bushes, fields and lawn), bare soil, hard surfaces (rocks, buildings) and wet areas and bodies of water (watercours水流(河床), wetlands). There are two primary methods for capturing information on land cover: field survey and thorough analysis of remotely nd imagery. The nature of land cover is discusd in Comber et al. (2005).
A Comber, P Fisher, R Wadsworth. What is land coverforever的意思? Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 2005
Difference
Land u corresponds to the socio-economic description (functional dimension) of areas: areas ud for residential, industrial or commercial purpos, for farming or forestry, for recreational or conrvation purpos, etc. Links with land cover are possible; it may be possible to infer land u from land cover and converly. But situations are often complicated and the link is not so evident. Contrary to land cover, land u is difficult to 'obrve'. For example, it is often difficult to decide if grasslands are ud or not for agricultural purpos. Distinctions between land u and land cover and their definition have impacts on the development of classification systems, data collection and information systems in general. (UNEP)
Land cover is distinct from land u despite the two terms often being ud interchangeably. Land u is a description of how people utilize the land and socio-econo
mic activity - urban and agricultural land us are two of the most commonly recognid high-level class of u. At any one point or place, there may be multiple and alternate land us, the specification of which may have a political dimension.
Land management
Land management can be defined as the process of managing the u and development (in both urban and suburban ttings) of land resources in a sustainable way. Land resources are ud for a variety of purpos which interact and may compete with one another; therefore, it is desirable to plan and manage all us in an integrated manner.
Land administration
The concepts of land administration are the reflection of views on land properties. In China, scholars hold ideas that land administration is the process of organization, coordination, supervision and management on land resources, land u, land property rights and land profit with political instruments for sake of whole society.
Other studies on land administration, cadastral [kə'dæstrəl]金辰勇 titles and land market, urban land administration, and land sustainable conrvation, altogether make the factors-land resources management, land asts supervision and land political governance for sustainability constitute foundation of land administration.
yellowbookDifference
There are many factors according to which administration can be distinguished from management. From the nature of work, administration is concerned about the determination of objectives and major policies of an organization; management puts into action the policies and plans laid down by the administration. From the nature of status, administration consists of owners who invest capital in and receive profits from an enterpri; management is a group of managerial personnel who u their specialized knowledge to fulfill the objectives of an enterpri. From Main functions感觉英文怎么说, administration involves in planning and organizing functions; management involves in motivating and controlling functions.
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Land u planning
Land u planning is the term ud for a branch of public policy which encompass [inˈkʌmpəs] various disciplines which ek to order and regulate the u of land in an efficient and ethical /ˈeθɪkəl/ way. Despite confusing nomenclature nəuˈmenklətʃə,术语，命名系统, the esntial function of land u planning remains the same whatever term is applied. The Canadian Institute of Planners offers a definition that: "Land u planning means the scientific, aesthetic [孔雀英文i:sˈθetik], and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and rvices with a view to curing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities"
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
There is bound to be conflict over land u. The demands for arable land, grazing, forestry, wildlife, tourism and urban development are greater than the land resources available. In the developing countries, the demands become more pressing every year. The population dependent on the land for food, fuel and employment will double within th
e next 25 to 50 years. Even where land is still plentiful, many people may have inadequate access to land or to the benefits from its u. In the face of scarcity, the degradation of farmland, forest or water resources may be clear for all to e but individual land urs lack the incentive or resources to stop it.
