History And Anthology Of American Literature
Part I The Literature of Colonial America
Historical Introduction
The First American Writings & Writers
Puritan Thoughts
Historical Introduction
●1. The discovery of the American continent by Christopher Columbus in 1492
Christopher Columbus’s discovery of America
2. English and European explorers
The earliest ttlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards, Italians, and Portugue, each group ttling in different parts of the continent and they all contributed to
the forming of the American civilization, but the colonies that became the first United States were for the most part English sustained by English traditions, ruled by English laws, supported by English commerce, and named after English monarchs and English lands.
3. English and European ttlements
The first permanent English ttlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. At last early in the 17th century, the English ttlements in Virginia and Massachutts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American history.
越来越好英文
Two Important New England Settlements→ Map The Plymouth Colony
Flagship Mayflower arrives – 1620 Leader - William Bradford Settlers known as Pilgrims 朝圣者,朝觐者,清教徒前辈移民 and Separatists 主张脱离英国国教者 provides for social, religious, and economic freedom, while still maintaining ties to Great Britain.
The Massachutts Bay Colony Flagship Arbella arrives – 1630 Leader - John Winthro
p Settlers are mostly Puritans or Congregational 公理会教派的 Puritans clearly establishes a religious and theocratic 英语关键词神权政治的 ttlement, free of ties to Great Britain.
4. The first American writings
●The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of the ttlements. They wrote in diaries and in journals. They wrote letters and contracts and government charters and religious and political statements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, about adapting themlves to the unfamiliar climates and crops, about dealing with Indians. All emed possible to them in the new world through hard work and faith.四级真题答案
1 Captain John Smith
●His reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, were the first distinctly American literature to be written in English. Smith’s descriptions of America were filled with themes, myths, images, scenes, characters, and events that were a foundation for the nation’s literature. He portrayed English North America as a land of endless bounty.职称英语报名入口
His vision helped lure the Pilgrims and the Puritans who saw themlves as new saints with a spiritual mission to flee the Old World and create a New Israel Jerusalem---Heaven on earth, a New Promid Land, in the America that John Smith had described.
2 The writers of the Southern and Middle Colonies
●The writers of the Southern and Middle Colonies who followed John Smith made their greatest contribution to American literature in the 18th century, in the Age of Reason and Revolution.
●William Byrd II Thomas Jefferson
Until that time, literature developed slowly, especially in the South. Farms widely disperd. Towns were few. Illiteracy was high. And there was little of the religious ferment and zeal that inspired such a tide of literature to flow from Puritan New England.
The First American Writer
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●Captain John Smith 1580-1631 was the first American writer and he published eight in all.
●1beagle A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony 1608, defending the handling of the ttlement and proclaiming the merits of the new land
●2 A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country 1612, a guide to the country and an invitation to the bold sprits needed to enlarge and strengthen the English plantations in the new land
●library的音标3 General History of Virginia 1624, containing his most famous tale of how the Indian princess Pocahontas saved him from the wrath of her father Powhatan
achieve●Captain John Smith contributed more to the survival of the Jamestown colony than did anyone el. And he saw from the beginning what was eventually to be a basic principle of American history, the need of “workers” instead of “gentlemen” for the tough job of planting colonies and pushing the frontiers westward.莎拉 佩林
