2023年硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试英语一真题
Section I U of English
Directions:Read the following text.Choo the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)
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Caravanrais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China, North Africa and the Middle East.They were typically1outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of2.
This word‘Caravanrais’is a3of the Persian word‘karvan’,which means a group of travellers or a caravan,and‘ray’,a palace or enclod building.The Perm caravan was ud to 4groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons,5 merchants,travellers or pilgrims.
From the10th century onwards,as merchant and travel routes become more developed,the6 of the Caravanrais incread and they rved as a safe place for people to rest at night.Travellers on the Silk Road7t h e p ossibility of being attacked by thieves or being8to extreme conditions.For this reason,Caravanrais were strategically placed9they could be reached in a day’s travel time.
Caravanrais rved as an informal10point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road.11,tho structures became important centers for culture12and interaction,with travelers sharing their cultures,ideas and beliefs,13talking knowledge with them,greatly14the development of veral civilizations.
Caravanrais were also an important marketplace for commodities and15in the trade of goods along the Silk Road.16,it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to ll their wares and17supplies for their own journeys.It is18that around120000to15000caravanrais were built along the Silk Road,19only about3000are known to remain today,many of which are in 20.
1.A.displayed B.occupied C.located D.equipped
【答案】C
2.A.privately B.regularly C.respectively D.permanently
【答案】A
3.A.definition B.transition C.substitution D.combination
【答案】D韩国女星崔真实
4.A.classify B.record C.describe D.connect
【答案】C
5.A.apart from B.instead of C.such as D.along with
【答案】C
struction B.restoration C.impression D.evaluation
【答案】A
7.A.doubted B.faced C.accepted D.reduced
【答案】B
8.A.assigned B.subjected C.accustomed D.oppod
【答案】B
9.A.so that B.even if C.now that D.in ca
【答案】A
10.A.talking B.starting C.breaking D.meeting
【答案】D
11.A.By the way B.On occasion C.In comparison D.As a result 【答案】D
12.A.heritage B.revival C.exchange D.status
【答案】C
13.A.with regard to B.in spite of C.as well as D.in line with 【答案】C
pleting B.influencing C.resuming D.pioneering 【答案】B英语四级作文万能句
15.A.aided B.invested C.failed D.competed
【答案】A
16.A.rather B.indeed C.otherwi D.however
【答案】B
in for B.stand up for C.clo in on D.stock up o 【答案】D
18.A.believed B.predicted C.recalled D.implied 【答案】A
19.A.until B.becau C.unless D.although 【答案】D
20.A.ruins B.debt C.fashion D.ries
介词
【答案】A
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
birdsongDirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)
Text1
The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat,but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.
Pat Hardy,who sympathized with views of the energy ctor,is resisting the propod change to science standards for pre-teen pupils.The would emphasi the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.
Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views.“They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.”says Dan Quinn,nior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network,a non-profit group that monitors public education,“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members,rather than facts and sound scholarship.”
Such debate reflects fierce discussion discussions across the US and around the world,as rearchers,policymakers,teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.
教师节英文祝福语简短A study last year by the National Center for Science Education,a non-profit group of scientists and te
achers,looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science class,gave barely half of US states a grade B+or higher.Among the10 worst performers were some of the most populous states,including Texas,which was given the lowest grade(F)and has a disproportionate influence becau its textbooks are widely sold elwhere.
Glenn Branch,the centre’s deputy director,cautions that tting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralis decisions to local school boards.Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards,“that does not mean it will be taught”,he says.
Another issue is that while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages—such as earth and space sciences in high schools—it is not as well reprented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught,such as biology and chemistry.It is also less prominent in many social studies cours.
Branch points out that,even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific connsus on climate change,unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers.They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.
21.In paragraph1,the weather in Texas is mentioned to.
A.forecast a policy shift in Texas schools.
B.stress the conquences of climate change.
take it to the headC.indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting.
D.draw the public’s attention to energy shortages.
【答案】C
22.What does Quinn think of Hardy?百度英文词典
A.she exaggerates the existing panic.
B.she denies the value of scientific work
C.she shows no concern for pre-teens.
D.she express lf-contradictory views.
【答案】B
经典英文23.The study mentioned in Paragraph5.
A.climate education is insufficient at state public schools.
B.policy makers have little drive for science education.
C.Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks.
【答案】A
24.According to Branch,state-level science standards in the US.
A.call for regular revision
C.have limited influence
阿根廷的英文
D.cater to local needs
【答案】C
25.It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools
.
A.agree to major public demands
C.may misreprent the energy ctor
D.can be swayed by external forces
【答案】D
Text2
Communities throughout the region have been attempting to regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the2010s.Now,with record-high home
prices and historically low inventory,there’s an incread urgency in such regulation, particularly among tho who worry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip for a fortune on the short-term rental market.
In New Hampshire,where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below l percent, housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market.The state Legislature recently voted against a bill that would’ve made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals.
“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing,so anytime you’re taking the tool out of the toolkit for communities to address this,you’re potentially taking supply off the market that’s already incredibly stresd,”said Nick Taylor,executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast.Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns,“employers are having a hard time attracting employees,and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,”Taylor said.
However,short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists,a crucial part of the economies in places like Nantucket,Cape Cod,or the towns that make up New Hampshire’s Seacoast and Lakes Region,
pointed out Ryan Castle,CEO of the Cape Cod&Islands Association of Realtors.“A lot of workers are rvicing the tourist industry,and the tourism industry is rviced by tho people coming in short term,”Castle said,“and so it’s a cyclical effect.”
Short-term rentals themlves are not the crux of the issue,said Keren Horn,an affordable housing policy expert at the University of Massachutts Boston.“I think individuals being able to rent out their cond home is a good thing.If it’s their vacation home anyway,and it’s just empty,why can’t you make money off it?”Horn said.Issues ari,however,when developers attempt to create large-scale short-term rental facilities—de facto hotels—to bypass taxes and regulations.
“I think the question is,shouldn’t a developer who’s really building a hotel,but disguising it as not a hotel,be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?”Horn said.
At the end of2018,Governor Charlie Baker signed a bill to rein in tho potential investor-buyers.“The bill requires every rental host to register with the state, mandates they carry insurance,and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy,”the Globe reported.Boston took things even further,limiting who is authorized to rent out their home,and requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.
