The Companies Act (Bangladesh), 1994
(See ction 404)
camino
(Published by Notification No. SRO 177-law dated 1-10-95. of Ministry of Commerce)
Act No. 18 of 1994
intention
An Act
to consolidate and amend the law relating to companies and certain other associations.
WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law relating to companies and certain other Associations;
It is hereby enacted as follows:
PART-I
美女餐厅3下载PRELIMINARY
1.Short title and commencement
(1) This Act may be called the Companies Act, 1994.
(2) It shall come into force on such rate as the Government may, by notification in the Official, Gazette, appoint.
2. Definitions
(1) In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-
(a) "articles" means the articles of association of a company including, so far as they apply to the company, the regulations contained in Schedule I to this Act. :
Provided that the article of association of a company framed under any law relating to companies at any time in force before the commencement of this Act shall, so far as they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, be deemed to be the articles of association of that company framed in accordance with the provisions of the Act:
(b) "banking company" means a bank company as defined in ction 5(9) of the Act, 1991 (Act No. 14 of 1991).
(c) "company" means a company formed and registered under this Act or an existing company;
(d) "The Court" means the Court having jurisdiction under this Act;
(e) "debenture" includes debenture stock, bonds and any other curities of a company, whether constituting a charge on the asts of company or not;
(f) "director" includes any person occupying the position of director by whatever name called;
(g) "District Court" means the principle Civil Court of original jurisdiction in a district, but does not include the High Court Division, in the exerci of its ordinary civil jurisdiction;
(h) "existing company" means a company formed and registered under any law relating to companies in force at any time before the commencement of this Act, and is in operation after commencement of this Act,
(i) "financial year" means, in relation to any body corporate, the period in respect of which any profit and loss account of the body corporate laid before it in annual general meeting is made up, whether that period is a year or not;
Provided that in relation to an insurance company, "financial year" shall mean the calendar year;
(j) "insurance company" means a company that carries on the business of insurance either solely or in common. with any other business or business;
(k) "manager" means an individual who, subject to the superintendence, control and direction of the Board of Directors, has the management of the whole, or substantially the whole, of the affairs and business of a company , and includes a director or any other person occupying the position of a manager, by whatever name called, and whether under a contract of rvice or not;
(l) "managing agent' means a person, firm or company by whatever name called, who or which is entitled to the management of the whole affairs and business of a company by virtue of an agreement with the company, and under the control and direction of the directors except to the extent, if any, otherwi provided for in the agreement;
(m) "managing director" means a director who, by virtue of an agreement with the company or of a resolution pasd by the company in its general meeting or by its directors or by virtue of its memorandum or articles of association, is entrusted with the substantial powers of management which would not otherwi be exercisable by him and includes a director occupying the position of a managing director by whatever name called;
Provided that the powers to do administrative acts of a routine nature when so authorid by the directors such as the power to affix common al of the company to any document or to draw and endor any cheque on the account of the company in
any bank or to draw and endord negotiable instrument or to sign any certificate of share or to direct registration of transfer of any shares shall not be deemed to be included within the substantial powers of management:
Provided further that a managing director of a company shall exerci his powers subject to the superintendent control and direction of the directors.
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(n) "memorandum" means the memorandum of association of a company as originally framed or as altered in pursuance of the provisions of this Act;
(o) "officer" means a director, managing agent, manager cretary or any other officer of a company and also includes-- (i) where the managing agent is a firm any partner in the firm;
(ii) where the managing agent is a body corporate, any director or manager of the body corporate;
(iii) where the cretary is a body corporate;
Provided that. except for the purpo of ctions 331, 332, and 333, the form "officer" shall not include an auditor.;
(p) "prescribed" means as respects the provisions of this Act relating to the winding up of companies, prescribed by rules made by the Supreme Court and, as respect the other provisions of this Act, prescribed by the Government;
(q) "private company" means a company which by its articles--
(i) restricts the right to transfer its shares, if any;
(ii) prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for its shares or debenture, if any;
(iii) limits the number of its members to fifty not including persons who are in its employment;
Provided that where two or more persons hold one or more shares in a company jointly, the shall, for the purpos of this definitation be treated as a single member;
(r) "public company" means a company incorporated under this Act or under any law at any time in force before the commencement of this Act and which is not a private company;
(s) "Registrar" means a Registrar or any other officer, by whatever designation, performing under this Act the duty of registration of companies;
(f) "Schedule" means a schedule to this act;
(u) "cretary" means any individual posssing the prescribed qualifications appointed to perform the duties which may be performed by a cretary under this Act and any other ministerial or administrative duties, and
(v) "share" means a share in the capital of the company, and includes stock except when a distinction between stock and shares is expresd or implied.
(2) For the purpos of this Act, a company shall subject to the provisions sub-ction (4), be deemed to be a subsidiary of another, if--
(a) that other contrats the composition of Board of Directors of the first mentioned company.
(b) the first mentioned company, being an existing company, has before the commencement of this Act, issued preference shares the holders of which have the same voting right in all respects as the holders of equity shares and that other company exercis or controls more than half of the total voti
ng power of the first mentioned company; or
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(c) the first mentioned company is not a subsidiary within the meaning of clau (b), but that other company holds more than half in nominal value of its equity share_capital; or
(d) the first mentioned company is a subsidiary of a third company with is that other's subsidiary.
(3) For the purpos of sub-ction (2), the composition of a company's Board of Directors shall be deemed to be controlled by another company if, that other company, by the exerci of some power exercisable by it at its discretion without the connt or concurrence of any other person, can appoint or remove the holders of all or a majority of the directors, and for the purpos of this sub-ction that other company shall be deemed to have power to appoint to a directorship with respect to which any of the following conditions is satisfied, that is to say--
(a) that power of appointment cannot be exercid except in favour of an individual,
(b)) that an individuals appointment thereto follows necessarily from his appointment as director, managing agent, cretary or manager of or to any other office of employment in, that other company; or
(c) that the directorship is held by an individual nominated by that other company or a subsidiary thereof.更迭
(4) In determining whether one company is a subsidiary of another the following conditions shall be applicable namely:--
(a) any shares held or power exercisable by that other company in a fiduciary capacity shall be treated as not held or exercisable by it.
(b) subject to the provisions of claus (c) and (d) any shares held or power exercisable shall be deemed to be the shares held or power exercisable by that other company, if--
(i) the shares are held or the power is exercisable by a person as a nominee and on behalf of that other company, but this clau shall not apply to the holding of such shares or to the exerci of such powers by such person where that other company is concerned in a fiduciary capacity.
(ii) the shares are held or the power is exercisable by a subsidiary of that other company or by a nominee of such subsidiary, but this clau shall not apply to the holding of such shares or to the exerci of such powers by the subsidiary or by its nominee where the subsidiary is concerned in a fiduciary capacity;
(c) any shares held or power exercisable by any person by virtue of the provisions of any debentures of the first-mentioned company or of a trust deed for curing any issue of such debentures shall disregarded;
(d) if any shares are held or power is exercisable, not being held of exercisable as mentioned in clau (c),--
(i) by that other company or by its subsidiary or by a nominee of that other or its subsidiary as the ca may be, and
(ii) the ordinary business of that other company or as the ca may be of its subsidiary includes the lending of money and such shares are held or the power is exercisable by way of curity of the loan [then such power shall not be treated as being held or exercisable by such company or its nominee.]
(5) For the purpos of this Act' a company shall be deemed to be the holding company of another if, and only if, that other is its subsidiary.
3. Jurisdiction of the Court.
(1) The Court having jurisdiction under this Act shall be High Court Division;
Provided that the Government may be notification in the Official Gazette and subject to such restrictions and conditions as it thinks fit, empower any District Court to exerci all or any of the jurisdiction by this Act conferred upon the Court, and in that ca such District Court shall as regards the jurisdiction so conferred, be the Court in respect of all companies having their registered office in the district.
Explanation.--For the purpos to wind up companies the expression "registered office" means the place where the registered office of the company, during the six months immediately preceding the prentation of the petition of winding up was situated.
(2) Nothing in this ction shall invalidate a proceeding by reason of its being taken in a wrong Court
PART-II
CONSTITUTION AND INCORPORATION
4. Prohibition of partnership exceeding certain number:
(1) Nor company, association or partnership consisting of more than ten persons shall be formed or a the purpo of carrying on the business of banking unless it is registered as a company under this
Act or is formed by or under any other Act of Parliament.
(2) No company association or partnership consisting of more than twenty persons shall be formed for the purpo of carrying on any other business that has for its objects the acquisition of gain by the company, association or partnership, or by the individual members thereof unless it is registered as a company under this Act or is formed by or under any other Act of Parliament.
(3) This ction shall not apply to joint family carrying on joint family business or trade.
Provided that for the purpos of this ction, in computing the number of persons of a partnership, association or company comprising two or more joint families, minor members of such families shall be excluded.
(4) Every member of a company, association or partnership carrying on business in contravention of this ction shall be personally liable for all liabilities incurred in such business.
(5) Any person who is a member of a company, association or partnership formed in contravention of this ction shall be punishable with fine not exceeding five thousand taka.
泰迪熊ted
Memorandum of Association
5. Mode of forming incorporated company.
Any ven or more persons or, where the company to be formed will be a private company, any two or more persons associated for any lawful purpo may, be subscribing their names to a memorandum of association and otherwi with the requirements of this Act in respect or registration form an incorporated company, with or without limited liability, that is to say, either--
(a) a company limited by shares, that is to say, a company having the liability of its member limited by the memorandum to the amount, if any, unpaid on the shares respectively held by them; or
(b) a company limited by guarantee, that is to say, a company having the liability of its members limited by the memorandum to such amount as the members may respectively thereby undertake to contribute to the asts of the asts of the company on the event of its being wound up; or
(c) an unlimited company, that is to say, a company having no limit on the liability of its members.
6. Memorandum of company limited by sharees.
In the ca of a company limited by shares.-
(a) the memorandum shall state.--
(i) the name of the company, with "limited" as the last word in its name;
(ii) The address of the registered office;
(iii) the objects of the company, and, except in the ca of trading companies, the territories to which they extend;
(iv) that the liability of the members is limited;
(v) the amount of share capital with which the company propos to be registered, and the divisions thereof into shares of a fixed amount;
(b) each subscriber of the memorandum shall take at least one share;
(c) each subscriber shall write opposite to his name the number of shares he takes.
7. Memorandum of company limited by guarantee.
In the ca of a company limited by guarantee--
(a) the memorandum shall state--
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(i) the name of the company, with "limited" as the last word in its name.
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(ii) the address of the registered office;
(iii) the objects of the company, and, except in the ca of trading companies, the territories to which they extend;
(iv) that the liability of the members is limited;
(v) that each member undertakes to contribute to the asts of the company in the event of its being wound up while he is a member or within one year afterwards, for payment of the debts and liabilities of the company contracted before he ceas to be a member, ad of the charges and expens of winding up, and for adjustment of the right of the contributories among themlves, such amount as may be required, not exceeding a specified amount;
(b) if the company has a share capital--
(i) the memorandum shall also state the amount of share capital with which the company propos to be registered
and the division thereof into shares of a fixed amount;
(ii) each subscriber of the memorandum shall take at least one share;
(iii) each subscriber shall write opposite to his name the number of shares he takes.
8. Memorandum of unlimited company.
In the ca of an unlimited company
(a) the memorandum shall state-
(i) the name of the company;
(ii) the address of the registered office of the company;
(iii) the objects of the company and, except in the ca of trading companies, the territories to which they extend.
(b) if the company has a share capital-
(i) each subscriber of the memorandum shall take at least one share;
(ii) each subscriber shall write opposite to his name the number of shares he takes.
9. Printing and signature of memorandum.
The memorandum of every company shall--
(a) be printed;
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(b) be divided into paragraphs numbered concutively; and
(c) be signed by each subscriber, who shall add his address and description in the prence of at least two witness who shall attest the signature.
10. Restriction on alteration of memorandum.
(1) A company shall not alter the conditions on continued in its memorandum except provisions is made in the Act.
(2) Only tho provisions which by any other specific provision contained in this Act, are required to be stated in the memorandum of the company concerned shall be deemed to be the conditions contained in its memorandum.
(3) Other provisions contained in the memorandum, including tho relating to the appointment of director, managing agent or manager may be altered in the same manner as the articles of the company, but if there is any express provision in this Act permitting the alteration of such provisions in any other manner, they may also be altered in such other manner.
(4) All reference to the articles of a company in this Act shall be construed as including references to the other provisions contained in its memorandum as referred to in sub-ction (3).
11. Name of company and change of name.
(1) A company shall not be registered by a name identical with that by which a company in existence is already registered, or so nearly rembling the name that there is likelihood of using the name to deceive, except where the company in existence is in the cour of being dissolved and signifies its written connt in such manner as the Registrar requires.
(2) If a company, through inadvertence or otherwi, is, without the connt referred to in sub-ction (1), registered by a name identical with that by which a company in existence is previously is registered, or so nearly rembling the name that there is likelihood of using the name to deceive, the first mentioned company shall, on he direction of the Registrar, change its name within a period o
f one hundred and twenty days.
(3) If a company makes a default in complying with the direction made under sub-ction (2), the company shall be punishable with fine of five hundred take for every day during which the default continues and every officer who is in default shall be punishable with fine of one hundred taka for every day during which the default continues.
(4) Except with the previous connt in writing of the Government, no company shall be registered by a name which is declared by the Government by notification in the official Gazette, as undesirable:
Provided that nothing in this sub-ction shall apply to companies registered before the commencement of this Act.
(5) No company shall be registered by a name containing in any form the name or any abbreviation of the name of the United Nations or of any subsidiary body t up by the United Nations or of the World Health Organisation unless the company has obtained the previous authorisation in writing of the Secretary General in the ca of the United Nations or the subsidiary body as aforesaid or of the Director General of the World Health Organisation in the ca of that Organisation.
(6) Any company may, by special resolution and subject to the approval of the Registrar signified in writing, change it name.
(7) Were a company changes its name, the Registrar shall enter the new name on the register in place of the former name, and shall issued a certificate of incorporation in its new name to meet the circumstances of the ca and on the issue of such
a certificate, the change of name shall be complete.
(8) The change of name shall not change any rights or obligations of the company, or render defective any legal proceedings by or against the company; and any legal proceedings that might have been continued or commenced against it by its former name may be continued or commenced against it by its new name.
