高考能力急救箱高考英语常用词语辨析q、r

更新时间:2023-06-12 21:11:05 阅读: 评论:0

quarrel about, quarrel with
quarrel about意为“为某事吵架”,后接吵架的事由;而quarrel with则为“和某人吵架”,后接吵架的对象。如:
Sometimes they would quarrel about money. 有时他们因金钱而吵架。
The six blindmen quarrelled with each other. 那六个瞎子互相吵架。
将上述两个词组可合为一个,即:quarrel with…about…,意为“因某事和某人吵架”。如:
All the six blindmen quarreled with each other about the elephant. 六个瞎子为大象之事相互争吵起来。
quiet, silent, still, calm
1)quiet的“静”主要指没有吵闹的动乱的一种状态,带有持久性,silent主要指不出声,不说话,不发出声响。如:
I spent a quiet evening at home. 我在家度过一个宁静的夜晚。
He lives in a quiet street. 他住在一条安静的街上。
The winds are quiet now. 现在风小了。
He is silent about what happened. 他对发生的事情默不作声。
2)用作表语,quiet也表示不出声。如:
The boy kept quiet(silent). 这小孩不说话。
3)still“静止的、无声的”,指完全没有声音并且有不动的意思。且时间较为短暂。如:
The Swede stood quiet still. 那个瑞典人站着一动不动。
4)calm指天气或海洋的“平静”,“无风浪”的意思。也指人“心平气和”的意思。如:
生活哲理文章The a was fairly calm yesterday. 昨天海风平浪静。
She always remains calm when she meets difficulties. 当她遇到困难时总是保持平静。
still, silent, quiet指“不说话,不作声”或用作表语时可以通用。如:
Miss Ogden keeps silent(still或quiet). 奥格登小姐保持沉默。
quite a bit, quite a few, quite a little, quite a lot
quite a bit常用于more或less前面表示“相当多”。
Quite a bit more snow is coming tonight. 今晚的雪下的还要大。
quite a few常用于口语中表示“不少,相当多”,后接可数名词,相当于not a few。如:
Quite a few people I have spoken to are of that opinion. 不少和我交谈过的人都有那个意见。
quite a little也表“不少”,但后接不可数名词,相当于not a little。如:
Quite a little is left to do. 还有不少工作要做。
Cleaning the back yard needed quite a little work. 打扫后院费了不少工夫。
quite a lot也表“许多”,可直接作宾语或状语。如:
I saw quite a lot of him last year. 去年我常见到他。
We have read quite a lot. 我们已经读了许多了。
rai, lift
rai意思是“举起”,“好到更高的水平”。例如:
Rai(put up)your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果有问题要问,请举手。
He has been raid to higher office. 他被提升了职位。
Our salary was raid. 我们的工资提高了。
lift是从地面“举起”的意思。例如:
He lifted a large stone from the ground. 他把一块大石头从地面上搬了起来。
The box is too heavy for her to lift. 这箱子太重,她搬不起来。
rare, scarce
rare的意思是“稀罕的,罕有的”。多指难得到的或不常见的东西,往往含有珍贵的意味。其反义词
是common。如:
The emerald is a rare gem. 翠玉是一种罕有的宝石。
There are plenty of rare books worthy of prervation in the library. 图书馆有许多有保存价值珍贵的书籍。
scarce的意思是稀少的、稀有的,只用于指具体物品,表示某物过去多,目前缺少,以致供不应求的意思,但不一定是珍贵之物。反义词是abundant。
When winter comes, eggs get scarce. 冬天来到时,鸡蛋少起来了。
Fruit is now scarce in this district. 这个地方目前水果缺少。
rather than, would rather…than
1)would rather…than“宁愿……而不”,表示主观愿望,用这一结构要注意两个比较的部分对等。如:
I would rather have the small one than the big one. 我宁愿要小的,不要大的。
She would rather go today than tomorrow. 她宁愿今天去,而不愿明天去。
I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. 我宁愿呆在家里,而不愿去看电话。
应该注意的是,比较的部分如果是分词,than后应是动词原形。
2)rather than不和would连用,不表示主观愿望,而表示一个事实即“做……而不……”的意思,注意than前的动词要与主句中与之相当的动词在形式上一致。如:
I took the small one rather than the big one. 我拿了小的,而不是大的。
We’ll have a meeting in the classroom rather than in the auditorium. 我们在教室开会,而不在礼堂。
Her ran all the way rather than walked. 他一路跑,而不是走。
He should be rewarded rather than be punished. 他应受奖励而不应受惩罚。
这种rather than可以用在句首,但其后的动词必须改用动名词。如:
Rather than being punished, he should be rewarded.
reach, reach to, reach for, reach out for
reach及的动词,“到达”。
You can reach London in two days. 你两天后可到达伦敦。
reach to“延伸到”,to是介词。
The new railway line will reach to our village. 新铁路将修到我们村子。
reach out for“设法得到(抓住)”
You should try your best to reach out for good chance they give you. 你应尽力得到他们给你提供的好机会。
This is what I’ve been reaching out for. 这是我一直设法要得到的。
read, read of
viable
1)read是“读”,“看得懂”,“读懂…”的意思。如:
We read newspapers every day. 我们天天读报。
The child can read the clock now. 这孩子会看钟了。
He read himlf to sleep. 他读着读着入睡了。
2)read of(about)表示“在阅读中得知”的意思。如:
I read of the arrival of the foreign guests. 我看报纸得知这些外国朋友到了。
tebreal, true, actual
1)true可作表语,是“真实的”“正确的”意思,指与实际或事实相符的,不是虚假的。如:
I’m true to my friend. 我是忠于朋友的。
What he said is true. 他说的是真的。
2)real作定语表示“真实的”,“不是想象的”,指客观存在的,而非伪造的或想象的。true作定语表示“符合实际的”,这时不能互换。如:
This is a story of real life. 这是个从真实生活中取材的故事。
This is a true story. 这是个真实的故事。
3)real, true作表语,表示“真的”,可互换。如:
It is real(true)pearl. 这是真珍珠。
英语作文常用句型4)actual意为“实际的,现实的”,指某事物已经发生或存在,而不是想象中可能发生或存在的,可与real互换。如:in terms of
That is his actual experience. 那是他的实际经验。
Name an actual ca of bravery. 请举出一个勇敢的实例。
reason, cau
两个名词均可作“原因,理由”讲。
reason指用来解释某种看法,理由,借口,并由此得出一定的结论。如:
The reason for my abnce was that I was ill. 我之所以缺席是由于生病了。
Give me your reasons for refusing. 说一说你拒绝的理由。
cau指直接导致行为或事情发生的原因,由它产生出结果,作“理由”讲时,指正当的或充分的理由。如:
What were the caus of the First World War? 第一次世界大战的起因是什么?
His illness is the cau of his failure in the examination. 他病了,这就是他考试失败的原因。
Don’t complain without reason or cau. 不要无缘无故地怨天忧人。
recover, get well, be well again, be all right
以上这组词语均有“康复”之义。
recover可作及物动词和不及物动词用,指“痊愈,恢复”,主语是人且常用主动语态,作不及物动词用时,常与from连用。如:
She’s beginning to recover her strength after her fever. 她退烧后开始恢复体力。
You’d better put off studying till you’ve fully recovered. 你最好待病愈后再学习。
Have you quite recovered from the attack of measles? 你患麻疹后身体复原没有?
get well, be well again, be all right常用于口语和非正式文体中表示“恢复健康,好了”。如:
The doctor said that I would be well again(all right again)in a week. 医生说我一周后可以康复了。
refer to, refer…to
refer to的意思是:①提到,提及;②查阅,参考;③指……而言,适用于。如:
The teacher referred the students to books on English. 老师让学生参阅有关英语的书。
He referred to his teacher in his speech. 他在谈话中常提到他的老师。
refer…to是“把……提交给……”,“把……归功于”的意思。如:
She referred her success to the good teaching she had had. 她把她的成功归功于她所受的良好教育。
He referred a bill to a committee. 他把议案交给委员会讨论。
This rule doesn’t refer to girls. 这条规则不适合女孩。
remain, stay
两者均可作不及物动词,意为“逗留,停留”,stay的用法最常见,特指以客人身份在某地暂住。如:They went for tea and stayed for dinner. 他们去喝茶,还呆在那里吃了饭。
支持英语
They couldn’t decide whether to stay or to go. 或留或去他们无法决定。
remain用于其他人离去后“留下”的意思时,相当于stay behind; remain比stay更正式。表示继续呆在某地或处于某种状态,可互换。如:
Few remained in the building after the alarm was sounded. 警报发出后,就没有什么人留在大楼里了。
How many weeks will you remain/stay here? 你将在此停留几个星期?
The door remained(stayed)clod. 门仍然是关着的。
remember doing, remember to do, remember sb. to sb.
姐姐的守护者 下载remember doing的意思是“记得做了某事”表示doing的动作已经完成。此时,可用不定式to have done来替换。如:
I remember taking the medicine at the right time. 我记得已经按时服药。
remember to do的意思是“记住做某事”,表示to do的动作还没有发生,往往指有意识的行为。如:
I remember to take the medicine at the right time. 我记住要按时服药。
forget, regret的用法同remember。
remember sb. to sb.意为“代某人向某人问好”。如:
Plea remember me to your family. 请代我向你的家人问好。
repair, mend
两词均有“修理”之意。Repair比较普通,常指对一些大而复杂东西的修理。如对建筑物,堤坝、机器、车辆的修理等。但有时repair也可指对一些小东西,如桌椅的修理等。如:
The tractor has been repaired. 这台拖拉机修好了。
mend有“修补”之含义,常指对简单东西的修理,如补衣服、袜子等。事态的改变也可以用mend,但不能用repair来代替。
I was mending/repairing my bike. 我在修自行车。
The matter can’t be mended. 这事无法补救。
report, report on, report…to sb., report(onelf)at/to
report vt. 报道,报告。
What he reported was bad on facts. 他所报道的都依据事实。
vi. 带状语如:report on报道关于。
He always reports on the work. 他常报道那项工作。
report…to sb. 向某人汇报。
Don’t report it to our class teacher. 别把这件事向班主任汇报。
report(onelf)at/to表示报到、登记。
Everyone may report himlf here. 每个人可在这里登记。
require, demand
人做主语时,require表示按权利提出要求;事物做主语时,表示因其内在特性而急需。
They require the captain to e them. 他们要求队长接见他们。
Your bike requires repairing. 我的单车需要修理。
require doing. 主动式但表达被动意义。动词want, need用法相同。demand语气较重,表示主语态度强硬,要求宾语绝对服从。
The teacher demanded to be told the whole thing. 老师要求了解整个情况。
require和demand接从句时用虚拟语气,谓语为(should)do。
We require that he be nt for. 我们要求去请他。
require sb. to do, require sth. of sb., require to be done
海外考试报名中心require sb. to do为依据权力而要求某人去做。
We require him to examine the patient in no time. 我们要求他马上检查病人。
require sth. of sb. 向某人索要某物。
The child always requires money of its father. 那孩子常常向他父亲要钱。
require to be done需要(被)做。
Our coloured TV t requires to be rviced. 我们的彩电很需维修。
require(或want, need)to be done=require(want, need)doing
remind, remind of
1)remind后接名词,不定式,that从句,都表示提醒,即提醒某人将应做某事。如:
If I forget, plea remind me. 如果我忘了,请提醒我。
He reminded me to turn off the light. 他提醒我关灯。
Plea remind me that I must call him up before six. 请提醒我六点前给他打个电话。
2)remind… of表示“使……记起”(过去的事),of可后跟名词、动名词和what引导的从句。如:Her talk reminded me of the days when we were together. 他的话使我想起我们在一起的日子。
刻舟求剑翻译
Her talk reminded me of my staying there. 她的谈话使我想起曾在那儿呆过。
The film reminded me of what I had en in Qingdao. 这部电影使我想起在青岛看到的一切。
rich, the rich
rich是形容词,“有钱的,富的”意思。与定冠词连用指“富人”这类人,接复数动词。the rich=the rich people
He became a rich farmer. 他成了一名富裕农民。
The rich are not always happy. 有钱人并不总是幸福的。
“一个富人”不应说a rich,而为a rich person。
一些形容词前加定冠词the,这形容词就名词化,指这一类人或事。如:
myspace
the poor 穷人the wi 有智慧的人the dead 死人
the sick 病人the wounded 受伤的人the blind 盲人
rich, well off, wealthy

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