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中考英语词汇运用专题训练
（含答案解析）
在中考的英语卷子上，所有考生都非常熟悉词汇拼写与运用这一题型了。它是考察中学生基础知识和英语运用能力的题型，它不仅需要学生具备一定的词汇量和语法运用能力，更需要具备良好的英文读句子的能力。我对中考英语词汇拼写与运用汇编整理，希望对各位中考生有所帮助。
在单词教学中自始至终将单词拼写与音标、音节统一起来；将单词教学与课本文本语境相结合，通过引导学生预习初步感悟其具体运用；将课文的对话或短文转换成综合填空的形式，巩固并检测学生所学；利用同步练习册或其他资料相应练习作为课后练习进行巩固；综合填空解题方法和技巧的指导。
从每次重要考试试卷分析来看，英语综合填空的得分率都很低，有的甚至不到30%。造成这种结果的原因很多，或词汇识记不牢，或音标与拼写出现脱节，或上下文语境不理解，或语法原因，或训练偏少而造成知识面狭窄。因此在平时学习、训练中将词汇识记与运用统一起来就显得尤为必要。现谈谈在实际教学中，我是如何将词汇识记与运用进行统一教学的。
一、在单词教学中自始至终将单词拼写与音标、音节统一起来
1.单词是万丈高楼的砖头，牢固的词汇就是这座语言大厦的基石，要牢记这些词汇又谈何容易？因此，我在词汇教学伊始，就给学生灌入利用音标一一对应来认识字母或字母组合的发音，利用音节划分来识记单词内部各部分字母组合的教学理念。如：cycle 这个单词，先让学生熟读音标并划分音节 /sai/ 和 /kl/, 然后通过引导学生观察其相对应的字母是 cy 和 cle，之后通过朗读、思考、想象和拼写来强化认识音标与词汇的内在联系。这种将音、形、义有机结合起来的统一有意义的、易理解的教学方法，克服了以前死记英文字母的机械记忆的弊端。
fgs2.利用遗忘曲线记忆规律，引导学生复习，建立自信。对于新学习的单词，为防止遗忘，必须“趁热打铁”及时复习；由于遗忘存在着 “先快后慢”的趋势，因此在复习中必须遵守“间隔复习”的原则：一般说来，我要求学生对于刚学过的生词应多复习，每次复习时间应长些，而间隔的时间要短些；随着记忆巩固程度的提高，每次复习的时间可以短些，而间隔的时间可以长些。利用有效复习来克服遗忘，久而久之，学生就能将学过的知识融会贯通。
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嘎嘎是什么意思
二、将单词教学与课本文本语境相结
合，通过预习引导学生初步感悟其具体运用
有了零散的词汇还是无法构建框架有型的语言大厦，还需将单词融入到语句、短文中。因此，我引导学生通过预习课文文本，来了解词汇具体的语义表达、语法应用、句子的成分结构和上下文的语境衔接等综合功能。学生可以通过这种有意识的自我体验，学习词汇整体综合应用，并将它养成一种学习习惯，在平时学习中不断提醒着自己应如何学习词汇及应用。这种将平时学习与考试无缝衔接的学习方法，使学生不再畏惧这种题型。
三、将课文的对话或短文转换成综合填空的形式，巩固并检测学生所学
有了前面的音标音节单词教学、引导性预习、加上平时课堂对话练习，以及老师重难点的讲解等学习环节，我利用教材对话或短文，根据本课的词汇掌握目标、语法要求和语境衔接等要求将它们转换成与考试相似的综合填空，来检测和评估学生所学。这不仅深化了学生对教材内容的理解深度，而且还扩展了学生思维的广度。这种学生乐于接受的可操作性的学习词汇识记与应用的学习方法不仅提高了教学效率，更为教学提供了一种就地取材，敢于整合教材，又勇于突破教材的教学理念。
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渔歌子古诗翻译四、利用同步练习册或其他资料相应的练习，作为课后练习进行巩固
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课上的时间有限，所以课后适当的对应练习、及时巩固复习就显得尤为必要。平时我是通过同步练习取材或其他材料进行补充，做到每一个课时都有一篇综合填空，通过日复一日的训练，扩大学生的知识面，增加答题的熟练度。
五、综合填空解题方法和技巧的指导无论是在指导学生预习、课堂练习，还是课后作业巩固方面，老师应不时地给学生输入解题的方法和技巧，真正做到识记与应用的统一。
真题演练
（一）
（2019-河北中考）. 词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)
根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
I have a photo album (相册). It’s a prent from my classmate—David.
I got to know David on the 71.__________ (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 72. s__________ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me 73. a__________ and I saw many interesting things. We had a 74.__________ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75.__________ good classmate.
However, last summer, David 76.__________ (go) to another city becau of his father’s job. Before leaving, he gave 77.__________ (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78.__________ (note) under each of the photos,” he said. I was 79.__________ (deep) moved.
I always look at the album when I think 80.__________ David. I really miss him.
（二）
(2019天津中考) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
The villagers in Mhangeni, Africa. faced a very big challenge(挑战).They didn’t have a school for their kids.
Then the village elder thought of an i 76 . He said that there was an old, abandoned
birthday什么意思(废弃的)farmhou. It could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing(装设备)it. All the villagers were p 77 with his suggestion and started the project immediately
The parents repaired the broken walls. Some villagers d 78 the hou into three classrooms by using pieces of wood. The others helped make desks and chairs for the students. Still, there was much more work to do. But the rains were coming. They had to s 79 working for the school as it was now the best time for them to plant.
So the children of Mhangeni decided to finish the hou by t颜色搭配 英文 80 .They had to hurry as summer had ended and other schools had already opened. They didn’t want to delay(
耽搁) their studies. Everv day they were busy with cutting the grass and clearing the bushes(灌木).
The news about the porject s 81 and many people knew it. Two teachcrs who worked for the country’s Department of Education arrived to help out. and two foreign visitors were also touched (感动) by the children’s a 82 .They donated money for them to buy textbooks and stationery.
After 10 days of hard work, the new school was r 83 .The kids were very happy but
a bit worried—they were behind in their studies.
Besides(除…之外)this, they also faced many d 84 .There were not enough classrooms to hold all the students. And two or three students had to share one book.
However, the children are happy to study in school—e 85 in their new school which they helped to build. Though their school might not be modern, their dream of having a school near their homes has come true.
（三）
（2019-浙江金华）词汇运用（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
