《英国文学史》复习思考题
20)
I.Write out the authors’ names of the following works. (
1. Romeo and Juliet
2. Tom Jones
3. Jane Eyre
4. Robinson Crusoe
5. A Red Red, Ro
6. The Importance of Being Earnest
7. Mrs. Warren’s Profession8. To the Lighthou
9. Don Juan 10.Ode to the Nightingale
compris Travels
11. Macbeth 12. Gulliver’
13. Vanity Fair 14. Wuthering Heights
15. A Tale of Two Cities 16. Tess of the d’Urberviles
reboot system now17. Ulyss 18. Silas Marner
19. Don Juan 20.Ode to the West Wind
II.Define the following literary terms. (20)
1. Iambic Pentameter
2. Heroic Couplet
3. Courtly Love
4. Literature of the Absurd
5. Ballad
6. Blank Ver
7. Comedy 8. Anti-hero
III.Give brief answers to the following questions. (20)
aigle1. What is the national epic of the English people? And what was the most famous
medieval romance?
2. Who were the Lake Poets?
3. What is Metaphysical poetry?
4. What are major women writers in English literature?
5. What was Wordsworth’s definition for poetry?
6. What is Art for Art’s Sake?
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IV.Read the following poem and try to understand and explain it. (20) To be, or not to be: that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a a of troubles,
And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep.
LONDON
(William Blake)
I wander thro' each charter'd street,
Near where the charter'd Thames does flow,
And mark in every face I meet
Marks of weakness, marks of woe.
In every cry of every Man,
In every Infant's cry of fear,
In every voice, in every ban,
The mind-forg'd manacles I hear.
七律长征翻译How the Chimney-sweeper's cry
Every black'ning Church appalls;
And the hapless Soldier's sigh
grandmotherRuns in blood down Palace walls.
But most thro' midnight streets I hear
How the youthful Harlot's cur
Blasts the new born Infant's tear,
And blights with plagues the Marriage hear.
（0091）《英国文学史》复习思考题答案
a dream20)
r i p是什么意思I. Write out the authors’ names of the following works. (
1 William Shakespeare
2 Henry Fielding
jeans是什么意思
3 Charlotte Bronte
4 Daniel Defoe
5 Robert Burns
6 Oscar Wilde
7 George Bernard Shaw 8 Virginia Woolf
9 Lord Byron 10 John Keats
11 William Shakespeare 12 Jonathan Swift
13 William Thackery 14 Emily Bronte
15 Charles Dickens 16 Thomas Hardy
17 James Joyce 18 George Eliot
19 Lord Byron 20 Percy Shelley
新视野大学英语视听说教程1答案第二版II. Define the following literary terms. (20)
Iambic pentameter is a meter in poetry, consisting of an unrhymed line with five iambs or feet (hence pentameter), felt by many to be the most powerful of all metrical forms in English poetry. Shakespeare excelled in the u of iambic pentameter (as in his famous Sonnet XVIII, beginning "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?”
Heroic couplet: a rhyming couplet in iambic pentameter. It is also called riding rhyme, rhymed
5-beat lines, or rhymed decasyllables. It is one of the most popular metrical forms in English poetry. Though its origin is uncertain, heroic couplet is generally assumed to be introduced by Chaucer. Characteristics exhibited by heroic couplet include epigrammatic expression, balanced ntences, parallel construction, conci diction, u of antithesis, and medial pau. Two types of heroic couplets can be distinguished: clod heroic couplet and open heroic couplet. The former is
a complete ntence with a full stop at the end of the cond rhyme. The latter is one in which a ntence extends from one couplet to another.
Courtly love: an idealized love in some medieval literature and chivalric society. It has its origin
De Arte Honeste in the works of Plato, in Ovid’s Ars Amatoria, and in Andreas Capellanus’s
Amandi. It owes its development to the medieval devotion to the Virgin Mary. Courtly love celebrates the beauty, virtues and ennobling power of women. It adds to the ri of women’s position and offers a philosophical and religious interpretation of love and its function. Apart from noble passions and persistent pursuit, courtly love aims at the moral perfection of the lover. Love
is esntially treated as a motivating power, directing the lover toward moral progress and spiritual development. Other elements of courtly love are humility and courtesy on the part of the lover, adultery between the man and his beloved mistress, and a great respect for the lady. Courtly love was popular first in France among the troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries. In England, tho who wrote in this tradition were Chaucer, Sidney, Spenr and Shakespeare. Examples are Troilus and Criyde and the sonnets written by Shakespeare and Spenr.
Chaucer’s
Literature of the Absurd: a term associated with modern literature, criticism, and philosophy. It
is applied to describe the meaninglessness of human existence in a world that is alien and incomprehensible. Deprived of their old beliefs and cut off from their past, human beings are in a state of complete isolation and confusion. Literature of the absurd has Existentialism as its philosoph
ical background and is most fruitful in drama and novel. The idea that man and his existence are absurd is best illustrated in the works of Camus, Beckett, Ionesco, Adamov, Albee, Heller, Pynchon, and V onnegut.
Ballad: a narrative poem in short stanzas about heroic or tragic deeds; or a song that tells a romantic or ntimental story. There are mainly two kinds of ballads: the folk ballad and the literary ballad. The folk or popular ballad is without authorship and is of oral tradition. It might be compod by an individual or a community. It is intended to be sung or recited before the public. Ballads of oral tradition are not written down until many years later. And its language is simple
and even unliterary. Folk ballad belongs to the Middle Ages. The literary or art ballad is with known authorship and has a definite moral purpo. Ballads of this type are usually imitations of medieval popular ballads. They are written down at the start. Many Romantic poets of the 19th century wrote literary ballads. Both folk and literary ballads share the following similarities: (a)
simple and familiar language; (b) having adventure, love or war as the subject matter; (c) telling
story through dialogue; (d) little description; (e) strong supernatural elements; (f) frequent u of repetition and parallelism; (g) having rhyme, assonance and the like; (h) impersonal narrator; (I) lyric
al, romantic, ntimental or tragic qualities; and (j) the ballad writer getting his inspiration from folklore, local or national history. In England, many ballads are about the border conflicts
between English and Scottish people, or about the legends of Robin Hood and his merry men. Collections of ballads were once made by Bishop Percy who had Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Walter Scott who wrote Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, and Child who compiled The
Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Wilde’s English and the Scottish Popular Ballads. Coleridge’s
The Ballad of Reading Goal fall in the category of literary ballad. And there were more writers
who wrote in the ballad style. They were Scott, Noyes, Macauley and Robert Service. Ballad as a
poetic form is still alive today.
Blank ver: poetry that does not rhyme but has iambic pentameter lines. Though not originated
in England or America, it has been the most important and most widely ud English ver form.
Blank ver is popular becau it is clost to the rhythm of daily English speech. Thus most English
poems which are dramatic, reflective or narrative are in the form of blank ver. This ver was probably first ud in England by Surrey who translated Aeneid, by Sackville and Norton who compod Gorboduc. It was developed and perfected by Marlowe, Shakespeare and Milton. In the 18th century, most poets favored heroic couplets. But Young and Thomson were able
to write in the tradition of blank ver. The 19th century saw a renewed interest in this poetic form. Masters of blank ver included Wordsworth, Coleridge and Bryant. The fact that blank ver is
still practiced by writers like T.S. Eliot, Yeats, Frost and Stevens shows how influential and favorable it really is.
Comedy:In its literary n, three meanings may be distinguished: (a) drama that amus, written in the tradition of Greek and Roman comedy; (b) any work of literature in the Middle Ages
and early Renaissance that has a happy ending; (c) by natural extension, works in every literary
form that provoke laughter and smiles.
Generally speaking, comedy is thought to be a less important form than tragedy. Thus, dramatic
