知识论（Epistemology）
A catalogue of the theory of knowledge [hidden]
Theory of knowledge (source: knowledge theory, Nanfeng public welfare College)
The theory of knowledge (English: epistemology) derives from Greek episteme (knowledge) and logos (word / speech), which is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature, origin and range of knowledge. At prent, the relationship between epistemology and epistemology is controversial. Some people think that they are the same concept, while others believe that they are actually two different concepts that have some clo ties.
[edit this paragraph] definition of knowledge
Knowledge is the true faith that is proved (justified, also testified).
The most influential work on knowledge is Platon's the Tai Atai de Chapter, in which he developed the definition of knowledge. We know that to be defined as knowledge, it must be true and must be believed to be true. Socrates thought it was not enough, and people had to find reasons or proof for it.
Platon defined knowledge as a confirmed and true belief (believed thing).ssl是什么意思
This definition implies that we cannot becau we believe in something and that it is true, and say we know about it. A no
medical knowledge of the patient that he would recover soon, even after the fact, we can not say that the patient knows he will be good, becau of his lack of trust confirmed at the time.
天文潮Knowledge is therefore different from what is believed and true becau of corroboration. The problem solved by epistemology is how to properly prove the true belief. This is sometimes called confirmation theory.
The definition in Tai Atai De's article suggests that we can believe in something without knowing it. It implies that we can believe everything we know. In this way, what we know is a subt of what we believe.
柬埔寨语[edit this paragraph] define the trouble of knowledge
For most of the history of philosophy, knowledge means the belief that absolute truth has been proved. Any lack of absolute truth is called a possible view. This view at least Bertrand Rusll in the early twentieth Century the works of philosophical problems (The Problems of Philosophy) is also very popular. In the ensuing decades, this view began to lo its attention.
In 1960s, Edmund Gettier (Edmund Gettier) criticized the knowledge definition of Tai Atai De. He points out that in some cas something that one believes is partly verified, but does not reach an absolute level, in which ca one can assume that the man has no knowledge.
[edit this paragraph] a priori and a posteriori knowledge
Western philosophers divide knowledge into two kinds: a priori and a posteriori.
great怎么读A priori means knowledge derived from reasoning (prior to empirical obrvation) without immediate or indirect experience (where experience usually refers to the obrvation of the world through the ns).
The latter refers to other kinds of knowledge, that is, the acquisition and validation of knowledge, which requires experience (empirical obrvation), also known as empirical knowledge.
开心词场背单词One of the key questions of knowledge theory is whether there is a priori comprehensive knowledge. Generally speaking, the rationalist thinks of existence, and therefore has to face the question of how "a priori synthetic knowledge is possible". On the contrary, the empiricist holds that all knowledge is, to some extent, a reflection of external experience, and there is no prior synthesis.
The domain of knowledge that is often thought to have primacy (priori, status) is logic and mathematics, and they explore mainly abstract, formal objects (objects).
The empiricist denies that the fields are pre knowledge. The two most famous refutation is that the knowledge are derived from experience (e.g. John Stuart Muller John Mill Stuart) and that the areas do not constitute real knowledge (e.g. Hume).
[editor this paragraph] knowledge and faithcold
Knowledge is true, and is believed to be true, is the interction. Before considering the definition of knowledge in detail, it is necessary to distinguish between two meanings which are believed to have slight differences. The first meaning is to believe its authenticity when there is not enough evidence. In this n, a person may believe in ghosts or similar phenomena in the abnce of sufficient evidence. One might say, "I know that the highway is not safe by air, but I just don't believe it." it's an irrational fear.
In the cond n, believing something means that it is right. To believe in one thing is to simply think. It is this belief that philosophers u in the study of knowledge. The logic here is that when a person wants to know something, he must believe it is true.
If someone says, "I know A, but I don't believe it is true."." In deep n, this man is lf contradictory.
midKnowledge is different from belief and view.
It is true that someone claims that he believes something, but of cour he may make a mistake. That is not the ca with knowledge. For example, Xiao Ming thought that a bridge was safe and tried to pass through it. Unfortunately, the weight of Xiao Ming made the bridge collap. We can say Xiao Ming believes that the bridge is safe, but he is wrong. But we can not say that he knows the bridge is safe, becau the bridge is not safe. If something wants to become knowledge, it must be true.
Similarly, two people can believe in two conflicting things, but they cannot know the two things that contradict each other. For example, you can believe that the bridge was safe, and at the same time, Xiaogang believe that it is not safe. But they don't know two things that contradict each other at the same time.
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日文翻译[edit this paragraph] distinguish between knowing and able to do
"Freestyle is the fastest swimming stroke," Ruo Xiaoli said. The swimming method is to swing the legs and the arms to the front in a nearly circle shape."
的确良According to Xiao Li's speech, Xiao Li may have the knowledge of free style and can really swim freestyle. If Xiao Li's knowledge sheet comes from an encyclopedia, she does not have the skills to swim freestyle. In other words, she has propositional knowledge, but has no procedural knowledge; that is, knowing the theory, but not doing it.
The theory confirmed [edited]
1, anti rationalism
Some attempts to prove knowledge are irrational; they refu to admit that validation must follow logic or reasoning. Nihilism started as a political philosophy of materialism, but sometimes is defined as knowledge can not prove this apparently absurd theory and absurdity of this argument is that it claimed
