虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
I. 虚拟语气用于状语从句
1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句：
（1）表示与过去事实相反的假设时
从句中谓语用 had+过去分词，主句谓语用would (could, should, might)+have+过去分词
If you had taken my advice, you would have pasd the exam.
(If it had rained, we would not have gone俄刻阿诺斯 out.)
（2）表示与现在事实相反的假设时
从句中谓语用过去式（be的过去式为were）, 主句谓语用would (could, should, might)+动
词原形。
If I were you, I should study English.
If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
(If it rained now, we would not go out.)
(3)表示与将来事实相反的假设时
与（2）表与现在相反的假设相同，或用were to+动词原形。
If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
If it should stop raining, the crop would be safe.
recruit是什么意思 If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
(If it rained tomorrow, we would not go out.)
(If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go out.)
(If it should rain tomorrow, we wound not go out.)
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(4)当从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
If you had taken my advice, you would be all right now.
(5)省略倒装式
Had you been here earlier, you would have en him.= If you had been here earlier…
Were I in school again, I would work harder.= If I were in school again…
Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.= If there should be a
If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go out.
= Were it to rain tomorrow, we would not go out.
(6)用介词或介词短语代替条件从句，主句用法同（1）、（2）、（3）。
Without air, there 结果的读音would be no living thing.= If there were no air, there would be no…(现在/将来)
But for your help, I couldn食堂英文’t have done it.= If you had not helped me, I couldn’t have done it.(过去)
without… = but for…= if it were not / had not been for…
If it were not for the air, there would be no living thing. = Were it not for the air…(现在/将来)
If it hadn’t been for your help, I couldn’t have done it.= Had it not been for your help…(过去)
We could have succeeded earlier under more favorable condition.
Who but a fool pubeiwould believe that?
We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwi we would have telephoned him.
(7) 其它通过上下文体现条件的虚拟
Given more time, we would do it better.
It would be wrong not to take this into consideration.
I could continue talking about this, but we must go on to the next topic.
Anybody el would have done that.
Suppo he never said that to her, what would happen then?
(假设他从来没跟她说过那样的话，那情况会是怎么样呢？)
Suppo it rained, we would still go. (假如下雨的话，我们还是要去。)
口号英文
对比：Supposing it rains, we will still go.
Supposing it rained, we would still go.
2. 虚拟语气用于as if/though, even if/though等引导的方式状语从句中
(1) 从句发生在主句之前，从句中谓语用had done/had been
They are talking as if they had been friends for years.
(2) 无先后关系，从句中谓语用did/were
He walked pass the soldier as if they didn’t exist.
(3) 从句发生在主句之后，从句中谓语用would/should +动词原形
She talked sadly as if she would cry.
3. 在in ca, lest, for fear that等目的状语从句中，谓语多用“should+动词原形”表虚拟
Plea remind me of it again tomorrow in ca I should forget.
fbx He got up early that morning lest he should miss the train.
(way什么意思他那天早上起得很早，生怕误了火车。)
He burned all the important documents for fear that they should fall into the enemyhxc’s hands.
4. 虚拟语气用于让步状语从句
(1) whether引导的让步状语从句
Whether she be poor or rich, I will still love her.（虚拟）
= No matter whether she is poor or rich, I will still love her.（一般句子）
= Be she poor or rich, I will still love her. （虚拟、倒装、省略）
So long as the child is shown exactly how to do something—whether it be placing a key in a key slot, drawing a hen or making up for a misdeed— he is less likely to figure out himlf how to accomplish such a task. (Book II Unit 1 )
(2) 其它让步状语从句
Whatever be the reason for his action, we will support him.
Come what may we’ll carry on our work. （虚拟、倒装、省略）
Come what come may we’ll carry on our work.(红色部分为莎士比亚最先使用，表示无论发生什么)
What may come come we’ll carry on our work.
II. 虚拟语气用主语从句
It is desirable /strange that we (should) work hard in English.
(advisable, best, better, crucial, esntial, important, necessary, imperative, incredible, insistent, natural, necessary, possible)
It is a desire / request that he (should) talk to his friends like that.
(pity, shame, must, order, proposal, recommendation, requirement, suggestion, wonder)
It is desired / requested that he (should) be prent.
(arranged, decided, ordered, propod, required, recommended, suggested, ttled)
III. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1. wish+宾从, 表不能实现的愿望从句需用虚拟
(1) 过去不能实现的愿望，从句中谓语用had+过去分词，或would(could)+have+过去分词
