英语虚拟语气的用法（完整版）
最近很多人问我英语虚拟语气的用法 一开始还回答得挺流利 后来 给了我好多练习题让我分析 我的天哪 发现自己越分析越混乱了 大脑短路......自己也开始搞了~~~这样明显要误人子弟的哇~我赶紧把虚拟语气的用法从头到尾又看了一遍~今天还帮一个人分析了十几道题 丫丫的 花了我两个多小时......累啊~~~想到自己那时候做家教时 两个小时貌似也只能分析分析考卷 O(∩_∩)O~
OK 废话少说 接下来为大家提供英语虚拟语气的完整版用法 为什么说完整版呢 因为其中还包括了if引导的条件状语从句、wish虚拟语气等用法 也算是吐血贡献出来啦~想当初本人也是上网从各个地方搜集来滴~还好没删掉 O(∩_∩)O~希望对有需要的朋友们有所帮助哦~
=======================我是无聊滴分割线 下面进入脑弦紧绷状态啦====================
虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑
或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①theromantic与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
I: 最基本的虚拟语气句型:
1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。
2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。If he had known your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.
3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday
4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.==>Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.==>Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.==>Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
5. 有时虚拟条件句并没用if borg从句表示出来，而是用介词短语(otherwi, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式来表示。如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwi we would have telephoned him. Without you help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much. But for （“要不是......”的意思）your help, I would not have succeeded.
II: 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况:
1. 在表示建议,要求detonator,命令,想法的动词后的从句里, 香港中文大学研究生用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如 advi, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propo, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, vote.常考到的是: suggest, advi
, demand, require, propo, insist, order, request.
His doctor suggested that he (should) take short leave of abnce.
The author propod that TV (should) be turned off at least one hour every day.
2. 在表示建议,要求,命令,想法的名词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should可以省略. 如 advice, decision,agreement, command, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation etc.
It was Bill’s suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.
His suggestion was that everyone (should) have a map.
He gave us a suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.
3. 在It is/was +形容词后的that 从句中用should的结构, should 可以省略. 这类形容词常见的有: advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, esntial, fitting, imperative(绝对必要), impossible, improper, important, natural, imagexnecessary, obligatory, pos
sible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc.
It‘s natural that she (should) do so.
It is esntial that we (should) tell her the news.
4. 在 lest 和 for fear that(以免),in ca(以防)从句中用should, should 可以省略.
She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates.
Have your gun ready in ca we should need it.pushup
III: wish 后的 that 从句中:
1. 表示现在或将来的愿望,从句中过去式.
I wish I knew his address.
I wish I were young.
2. 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望, 从句用过去完成式或would, could, might + have + 过去分词.
I wish you had written to him.
I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
3. 如果将wish改成wished, 其后that 从句中动词的形式不变.
4. i tell you如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
IV: 在niky It’s about/ high/ first(cond, third etc)time 后的that 从句中,用过去式.表示“该是
做什么的时候了”
It is about time you were in bed.
It is high time we left.
It is the first time I came here.
V: 在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon 后的that从句中,用过去式或过去完成式,表示“宁愿做什么”
I would rather he came tomorrow than today.
John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.
VI: 在if only（“如果....就好了”的意思） 感叹句中,谓语动词与wish宾语从句的虚拟形式相同.
If only he didn’t drive so fast!(现在)
If only she had asked someone’s advice.(过去)
If only the rain would stop.(spice将来)
VII: 在as if / as though 从句中雅思备考,表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑,用过去式;表示过去想象中的动作或情况, 用过去完成式.
