Pioneers of Flight
The legend of Wan Hu
1 China launched its first rocket with human beings aboard on October 15, 2003. Astronaut Yang Liwei brought to its fulfillment a dream that probably had its roots in a much earlier time. Although the veracity of the story cannot be confirmed, legend has it that in A.D.1500 a man named Wan Hu prepared his own mission to the stars. At that time, the Chine invention of gunpowder was widely ud in rockets for military purpos as well as in fireworks. Wan Hu devid a risky plan to harness the power of such rockets to take him to the stars.
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2 The story goes that Wan Hu built the first spaceship: a chair with 47 powerful gunpowder rockets and two kites attached to it. On the day of the launch, each rocket was lit by a different rvant carrying a torch. The rvants then moved back and waited. An earth-shattering explosion followed: Wan Hu and his primitive spaceship had disappeared completely. Although the story may em a little far-fetched, the principles of rocket-powere
d spaceflight are contained in Wan Hu’s crazy dream.
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Howard Hughes’s Spruce Goo
3 On November 2, 1947, a crowd of onlookers at San Pedro harbor in Los Angeles witnesd aviation history. An enormousflying boat, nicknamed the Spruce Goo, sped across the bay and ro 70 feet above the water. After just under a minute, it landed perfectly one mile down the bay. It was the first and last time the boat ever flew.
4 The concept for construction of the Spruce Goo came from the need for more effective ways of transporting troops and materials in World War II. The idea came from a man called Henry Kair, but it was Howard Hughes, the legendary multi-millionaire, who actually developed the flying boat.
5 The Spruce Goo was the biggest airplane ever built and still holds the record for the greatest wingspan, and it was made entirely of wood. Though it had promi, in the end the project failed for three main reasons: the cost of building the enormous machine; the
complexity of working with wood; and Hughes’s perfectionist approach, which caud the entire project to finish behind schedule. The Goo was put into storage and remained hidden from view until 1976, when it was put on display for the public. In 1992, the plane was dismantled and transported to the state of Oregon, where it remains today. Many of the design features of the Spruce Goo have been incorporated into modern cargo planes. Like other pioneers in the field of transportation, Hughes was simply ahead of his time.
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The futuristic ideas of Leonardo da Vinci
6 Centuries before Hughes was designing the Spruce Goo, another pioneer in transportation design was sketching plans for different kinds of flying machines. Leonardo da Vinci, perhaps the most famous artist of the Renaissance period, planned flyingdevices with flapping wings controlled and steered by human pilots. His rearch focud on the complex anatomy of birds in flight, and he bad his flying machines on this analogy. It took almost 500 years for da Vinci’s sketches to become real. In June 200
0, a professional parachutist named Adrian Nicholas jumped out of a hot-air balloon over the South African countryside using a parachute made of wood and canvas bad on one of da Vinci’s designs. Nicholas landed safely, and Leonardo’s dream became reality.
7 The three enigmatic individuals, Wan Hu, Howard Hughes, and Leonardo da Vinci, came from places and cultures that are about as different as we can imagine. What they shared was a fascination with flying, a spirit of innovation, and the courage to try and make their dreams of flight come true.
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1. He regards learning as a daily experience as well as a lifetime 1亿人重返极端贫困 .
2. His plan is to design a new model, into which some features of previous models will be .
3. The ship, with 1,000 pasngers , was bound for New York.
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5. At yesterday’s sports meet, my roommate Brian of our school in the men’s 100-meter race.郑州中学国际部
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