Arthur Conan Doyle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the professional athlete, e Conan Doyle (rugby player).
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Born Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle
22 May 1859
Edinburgh, Scotland永不言败英文
Died 7 July 1930 (aged 71)
Crowborough, East Susx, England
Occupation Novelist, short story writer, poet, physician
英语四级考试Nationality Scottish, Irish
Citizenship British
Genres Detective fiction, science fiction, historical novels, non-fiction
Notable work(s) Stories of Sherlock Holmes
The Lost World美白面膜diy
Signature
英文产品推荐信
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930[1]) was a Scottish[2] physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, generally considered a milestone in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. He was a prolific writer who other works include science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fi c tion, historical novel s and humours ('Exploits of Brigadier E.Gerard').
Life
Early life
Arthur Conan Doyle was born the third of ten siblings on 22 May 1859 in Edinburgh, S cotland.[3] His father, Charles Altamont Doyle, who was born in England of Irish descent, and his mother, born Mary Foley, who was Irish, had married in 1855. Doyle's father died in 1893, in the Crichton Royal, Dumfries, after many years of psychiatri c illness.[4] Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname (if that i s how he meant it to be understood) i s uncertain. The entry in which his bapti s m is recorded in the register of St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Chri s tian name, and simply "Doyle" as hi s surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather.[5]
秋季护肤Conan Doyle was nt to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place, Stonyhurst, at the age of nine. He then went on to Stonyhurst College until 1875. From 1875 to 1876 he was educated at the Jesuit school Stella Matutina in Feldkirch, Austria.
特有From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town of A ston (now a di s tri c t of Birmingham) and in Sheffield.[6] While studying, Conan Doyle also began writing short stories; his first published story appeared in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal before he was 20.[7] Following his term at university, he was employed as a ship's surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the West African coast. He completed his doctorate on the subject
of tabes dorsalis in 1885.[8]
While living in Southa, he played football as a goalkeeper for an amateur side, Portsmouth Association Football Club, under the pudonym A. C. Smith.[9] (This club, disbanded in 1896, had no connection with the prent-day Portsmouth F.C., which was founded in 1898.) Conan Doyle was also a keen cri c keter, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). Hi s highest score, in 1902 against London County, was 43. He was an occasional bowler who took just one first-class wi c ket (although one of high pedigree—itfeckless
was W. G. Grace).[10] Also a keen golfer, Conan Doyle was elected captain of the Crowborough Beacon Golf Club, East Susx for 1910. He moved to Little Windlesham hou in Crowborough with his cond wife Jean Leckie and their family from 1907 until his death in July 1930.
Origins of Sherlock Holmes
Portrait of Sherlock Holmes by Sidney Paget, 1904
wireropeIn 1882 he joined former classmate George Budd as his partner at a medical practi c e in Plymouth,[11]but their relationship proved difficult, and Conan Doyle soon left to t up an independent practi c e.[12] Arri v ing in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than £10 (£700 today[13]) to his name, he t up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southa.[14] The practice was initially not very successful; while waiting for patients, Conan Doyle again began writing stories and compod his first novel—The Narrative of John Smith—which would go unpublished until 2011.[15] His first significant work, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in Beeton's Chri s tmas Annual for 1887. It featured the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes, who was partially modelled after his former uni v ersity teacher Joph Bell. Conan Doyle wrote to him, "It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock Holmes. ... [R]ound the centre of deduction and inference and obrvation whi c h I have heard you inculcate I have tried to build up a man."[16] Future short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published in the English Strand Magazine.Robert Louis Stevenson was able, even in faraway Samoa, to recogni the strong similarity between Joph Bell and Sherlock Holmes: "[M]y compliments on your very ingenious and very interesting adventures of Sherlock Holmes. ... [C]an this be my old friend Joe Bell?"[17] Other authors sometimes suggest additional influences—for instance, the famous Edgar Allan Poe character C. Auguste Dupin.[18]
Portrait of Doyle by Herbert Ro Barraud, 1893
edit Marriages and family
Conan Doyle's family in New York 1922
In 1885 Conan Doyle married Louisa (or Loui s e) Hawkins, known as "Touie". She suffered from tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906.[19] The next year he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie, whom he had first met and fallen in love with in 1897. He had maintained a platonic relationship with Jean while his Loui s a was still alive, out of loyalty to her. Jean died in London on 27 June 1940.
可爱英文名字Conan Doyle fathered five children. He had two with his first wife: Mary Loui (28 January 1889 – 12 June 1976), Arthur Alleyne Kingsley, known as Kingsley (15 November 1892 –28 October 1918). He also had three with his cond wife: Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 –9 March 1955) cond husband of Georgian Princess Nina Mdivani, Adrian Malcolm(19 November 1910 –3 June 1970) and Jean Lena Annette(21 December 1912 –18 November 1997).
edit "Death" of Sherlock Holmes
初中英语听课记录
Holmes and Moriarty fighting over the Reichenbach Falls. Art by Sidney Paget.
In 1890 Conan Doyle studied ophthalmology in Vienna, and moved to London in 1891 to t up a practice as an ophthalmologist. He wrote in his autobiography that not a single patient crosd his door. This gave him more time for writing, and in November 1891 he wrote to his mother: "I think of slaying Holmes ... and winding him up for good and all. He takes my mind from better things." His mother responded, "You won't! You can't! You mustn't!"[20]
In December 1893, in order to dedicate more of his time to more "important" works—his hi s torical novels—Conan Doyle had Holmes and Professor Moriarty apparently plunge to their deaths together down the Reichenbach Falls in the story "The Final Problem". Public outcry, however, led him to bring the character back in 1901, in The Hound of the Baskervilles, though this was t at a time before the Reichenbach incident. In 1903, Conan Doyle published his first Holmes short story in ten years, "The Adventure of the Empty Hou", in whi c h it was explained that only Moriarty had fallen; but since Holmes had other dangerous enemies—especially Colonel Sebastian Moran—he had arranged to also be perceived as dead. Holmes ultimately was featured in a total of 56 short stories and four Conan Doyle novels, and has since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors.
Jane Stanford identifies some of Moriarty's characteri s tics in the Fenian John O'Connor Power. 'The Final Problem' was published the year the Second Home Rule Bill pasd through the Hou of Commons. 'The Valley of Fear' was rialid in 1914, the year, Home Rule, The Government of Ireland Act (Sept.18) was placed on the Statute Book.[21]
edit Political campaigning
Following the Boer War in South Afri c a at the turn of the 20th century and the condemnation from around the world over the United Kingdom's conduct, Conan Doyle wrote a short pamphlet titled The War in South Africa: Its Cau and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in the Boer War and was widely translated. Doyle had rved as a volunteer doctor in the Langman Field Hospital at Bloemfontein between March and June 1900.[22]
