PTE班主任讲解---PTE⼤作⽂常见语法错误总结!
Hi ⼤家好,汤⽼师在此。今天,给⼤家送上⼀篇⼲货满满的⽂章,为你在PTE备考之路添砖加⽡。
尊敬的读者朋友们
最近汤⽼师每天都在⾟勤的搬着砖,没⽇没夜,不吃不喝。你问⼲什么呢? ⾃然还是为我们亲爱的同学们操劳啦,最近阶段尤其如是,不知为何,最近让我批作⽂的⼈尤其多,虽然累,但是看到同学们批命努⼒的样⼦,真的好帅好美~我也就义不容辞的上了。可是这⼀批问题来了,有些错误同学们是犯了⼀次⼜⼀次,犯了⼀次⼜⼀次,⼀次⼜⼀次... 你们这是要做什么,要折磨死我吗,啊,⼩时候的圣⽃⼠⽩看了吗,难道不懂得不被同⼀个招式打败的道理吗。 嗯...或许这帮孩⼦没看过圣⽃⼠,算了,毕竟不是⼀代⼈,原谅他们了。故,决定写这么⼀篇总结,将亲爱的同学们常犯的语法错误详细的总结⼀下,配以错误例⼦和改正⽅式,那么以后,在有同学犯错误,我就不解释了,直接让他们在参考这个系列的⽂章,省时省⼒,哈哈哈,突然觉得⾃⼰很机智。特注明,本⽂不讨论那些⽐较低级的语法错误,⽐如单复数,第三⼈称单数,过去式等等,这些问题连我上读⼩学五年级的侄⼥都会,按照我们同学⽬前的英语⽔准,我默认为这些已不会对我们的同学构成威胁,好⽍咱们都是站在⼈类知识⾦字塔顶层的⼤学⽣了,对不对。这些低级错误你可以⾃⼰避免,只要你写的时候⾜够认真,以及写完之后做proofreading。好了,⼲货在此。
1 There be 句型的错误
这个句型是There be, 是be,是be ,就是be,不是have,当你在说“某个地⽅有某物”是,⼀定要记住⽤be。好,我们看看下⾯这位X同学的作品。
X同学这么说:
The reason is that there have many small stores which are moving to the shopping mall.国际mba
汤⽼师这么给你改:
The reason is that there are many small stores which are moving to the shopping mall.
**2 区别Due to 和 due to the fact that **
要造,due to 和 due to the fact that 是不⼀样的,becau 和 becau of that 是不⼀样的,嗯...这句好像是废话...
区别在于,due to= becau of ,后⾯要跟词或短语,⼀定不能跟⼀个完整的句⼦。
(这⾥补充⼀个⼩知识,有时候我说“完整的句⼦”,有同学会问,什么叫做完整的句⼦呀,嗯~ o( ̄▽
 ̄)o 好 记住哟, 只要⼀个句⼦有主语和谓语就已经算是完整的句⼦了,主语和谓语是⼀个句⼦中必不可少的两部分,⽐如说“汤⽼师赢了 Thomas won”。)
⽽ due to the fact that= becau, 后⾯⼀定要跟⼀个完整的句⼦。
什么,你问为什么,那就给你解释⼀下,巴舍尔
在第⼀组⾥⾯, to 和 of 是介词, 英语中(其实中⽂也是)的介词后⾯只能加短语,⽐如我们说“在学校” 不说 “在我去学校”
在第⼆组⾥⾯,becau 是个连词,⽽due to the fact that 也起连词的作⽤,⽽连词后⾯,不管是中⽂还是英⽂,都要跟⼀句完整的话,这个事情我们在PTE⼩作⽂ SWT⾥⾯也是反复强调。
若这么解释你还是记不住,你就背以下两句话吧,⽤于记混时提醒⾃⼰。
拒绝平庸
I pasd PTE exam becau of Thomas.
I pasd PTE exam becau Thomas is a good teacher.
哈哈哈,还顺便夸了夸⾃⼰,我太机智了,下⾯看⼀下R同学的作品。
R同学这么说:
...due to the profit of small shops are falling…
亲爱的同学们,现在能看出原⽂的错误吧, the profit of small shops are falling是⼀句完整的话,不能和due to ⼀起⽤, 所以,
汤⽼师这么改:
...due to the fact that the profit of small shops are falling…
多才多艺的汤⽼师当然不⽌提供⼀种改法
...due to the falling profit of small shops… (将后⾯改成⼀个短语)
trango还有⼀种所谓⾼级的改法,随时正确,但是不建议⽤,因为过于累赘
...due to the profit of small shops being falling… (are 改成being,实际上就是⽤了其动名词形式,当你将⼀个完整的句⼦⾥⾯的谓语动词,改成动名词时,它就不完整了,对,就好像你把他宫刑了⼀样,虽然还是男⼈,但不完整,嗯...这个类⽐...)
史密斯夫妇插曲
这种改法这⾥不常⽤,因为明明有简单的改法,所以⼼智正常的⽼外是不会写这么别扭的句⼦的,虽然语法上是正确的。优秀的英⽂写作有⼀个核⼼在于,⽤最简洁的话将你的思想表达出来,这⼀点对于雅思写作得⾼分很重要。之所以这⾥还将这种该法说出来,是因为在下⾯即将讲到的这个错误类型,这么改是很好的。
due to (改成 due to the fact that, 因为 due to 后⾯不能跟⼀句完整的话,如果后⾯是 词组,⽤ due to ,相当于becau of ,如果后⾯是句⼦ ⽤due to the fact that = becau)the profit of small shops are falling.
3 区别表伴随“随着”as 和 with的⽤法
汤⽼师之所以现在讲⼀对的区别,也算⽤⼼良苦啊,因为这⼀对和上⼀对区别⼀样,As这⾥做连词,后⾯接句⼦,with是介词,后⾯接词和短语。
好了废话不多说,我们看⼀下S同学的作品:
...With more credit cards are
这⾥很显然 more credit cards are being ud 是⼀个完整的句⼦,不能与with连接。
所以汤⽼师这么改:
...**As **more credit cards are being ud…
或
...With more credit cards **being **ud… (将后⾯这句完整的话变成不完整 ,即把“are” 改成 “being” )
好,这⾥看明⽩了吗,看明⽩了,我们再看下⼀个常犯的错误,which 是以上这两个错误的亲戚,有⼀定的渊源。
4 “双谓语”(双动词)问题
这是⼀个⾮常⾮常⾮常常见的问题哟,which I have found in essays from different levels of students. 所以⼀定要引起各位亲爱的同学们的重视。
这个问题⽤⼀句话概括就是“⼀个简单句中只能有⼀个动词”
再补充⼀个⼩知识,什么叫简单句。简单句就是⼀个简单的句⼦... 好了 不闹了,不过简单句确实没什么好解释的,就是有⼀套结构的句⼦,所以不妨先说⼀下与之对应的就是从句,也叫复合句。从句就是有两套甚⾄三套,四套..结构的句⼦,⽐如 “我觉得你很有慧根”。这⾥,”我觉
得”是⼀套结构,“你很有慧根“ 是另⼀套结构,这就是从句,换成英语就是“ I reckon that you are gifted” .
我们先来看⼀下以下这些同学的错误⽰范,撒花,感谢同学们的贡献,
1) Continue to apply written exams would
young game
2)This trend will also impact the rent of retail are decreasing in the future.
moissanite3)A well-known American politician once said that everyone has the right to work regardless of age, has significant influence on my childhood.
在例句1中,coutinue是⼀个动词,would lead to 是另⼀个动词,所以将其中⼀个换成动名词,所以可以改成:
**Continuing **to apply written exams would
在例句2中, impact是⼀个动词,are 是另⼀个动词,不能这么⽤,有的同学这是说了,我这⾥⽤的是从句,所以可以这么⽤,但,要注意哟,从句不能说是就是,英语的从句⼀定要有个引导词,这个引导词在⼝语中有时可以删,但是写作⾥⾯不能删,所以 如果句2)要改成从句可以这么改:
This trend will also impact the rent of retail **which **are decreasing in the future.
同样的道理,句3可以改成这么⼀个定语从句
A well-known American politician,**who has significant ****influence **on my childhood,once said that everyone has the right to work regardless of age.
所以总结来看,对于双动词的语法错误,两种改法:
1 将其中⼀个动词改成动名词 即-ving形式
2 将其变成⼀个从句,并且⼀定要记住加上 that,which, who, when,what等引导词。
切记哟,不要让我再重复。
5 However等词的⽤法
上⾯这三类解释起来有点⼩复杂,敲字敲得我满头⼤汗,所以第五类常见错误我决定放点容易解释的。铛铛铛铛,便是However这个词的⽤法,对于这个词我们⼀定要记住,⼈家是个副词,副词是不能直接连接两句完整的话的。
补充⼀下⼩知识,谁有这么⼤能⼒可以在英语⾥⾯连接两句完整的话呢,只有以下这两尊⼤神,第⼀ 句号兄(。对就是我) 第⼆ 连词君们 (⽐如,and,but, 上⽂提到的becau等)
所以说,很不幸,however作为⼀介普通副词,是不能承担此等重任的,所以,下⾯,嗯...我也忘了是谁同学的这个作品就是不对的:
A productive career could bring the economic benefits for people, however, maintaining a work-life balance would be beneficial for people’s health.
应该⽤句号兄,相应的however⼤写
A productive career could bring the economic benefits for people. However,maintaining a work-life balance would be beneficial for people’s health.
⽤法上类似于however的其他副词还有 therefore, thus, thereby, hence, nonetheless,nevertheless, in addition等.
6 两句完整的话不能⼀起⽤
这个问题我们在上⼀条刚刚提到过,理论上这也算是⼀个基本常识了,只是问题是我们同学有时候再
写长句⼦时,往往会写着写着就把这点给忘了,所以在此还是特意提醒⼀下亲爱的同学们,不要犯这种⼩问题哟。⽐如这个:
However, there are multiple reasons why I believe the asssment through formal written examination is still valid, the most obvious one lies in the fact that the way of formal written examination has a long history of more than hundreds years.
哇,好长的句⼦呢,看起来棒棒的,不仔细看都看出来呢,估计这位同学再写的时候⾃⼰也忘了? 总之,问题就在于,the most obvious one 那句话前⾯的这个逗号,逗号⾝为⼀个最普通,最常⽤的标点,是丝毫没有地位的,不可能去连接两句话,就好⽐⼀个单⾝狗,哪顾得上去别⼈牵桥搭红线。可以改成句号,但是介于本⽂上下⽂确实存在承接关系,所以可以保留逗号,但是⼀定要在下⼀句话前⾯加上⼀个连词,⽐如and就很不错。如下:
However, there are multiple reasons why I believe the asssment through formal written examination is still valid, and the most obvious one lies in the fact that the way of formal written examination has a long history of more than hundreds years.
7 缩写问题
这个简单,本⽼师可以⼀句话说明⽩,嗯...好像任何⽼师都可以...总之就是任何的学术英语考试,都不要⽤缩写。对于 There’s, we don’t , it doesn’t 之类的都要统统远离,不要和他们交朋友。
8 及物动词和不及物动词不要搞混betacam
allok⾸先搞清概念,所谓及物动词就是后⾯直接跟宾语的动词,⽐如 beat you, thank you, threat you, 服了you
不及物动词则是 不能直接跟宾语,所以要不不跟,⽽如果⾮要跟,被⼈赖上了,那就要查⼀个介词在两者之间,⽐如,look at me, talk to me, happen to me.
在以下这个X同学提供的例句中,可以看到,
It is undoubtedly true that, small shops will benefit on customers.
Benefit 本⾝可以做及物动词,所以直接改成如下便可:
It is undoubtedly true that, small shops will **benefit **customers.love paradi 歌词
所以⼤家要记清那些单词是及物,那些单词是不及物...有的同学说了,汤⽼师,我记不住... 对于此类
同学,我告诉你们⼀个⼩窍门哦,记不住,就不要⽤。对的,不确定是benefit还是benefit on的话,就不要⽤这个词的动词形式,⽽是⽤其形容词,你可以说:small shops will be beneficial for customers. 这样就可以保证语法正确了,同时很省了很多时间,毕竟很多同学学PTE只是为了通过考试。好,时间不多了,马上写最后⼀条然后收⼯。
9 介词后不能直接跟动词
⾄于原因,请参见错误2
汤⽼师今天敲了这么多字累了,这⾥就赘述了,直接上⽰例把。
To begin with, large shopping malls will no doubt exert a positive influence on improve…
应将improve 和 mitigate改成 imprvoing 和mitigating,如下:
To begin with, large shopping malls will no doubt exert a positive influence onimproving…and mitigating…