从“舶来”到“输出”的英语进化史
Language of borrowers
从“舶来”到“输出”的英语进化史
商务英语是学什么毕业后能干什么2014-04-15 来源：21st Century
导读：“舶来语”向来是英语词汇的一大特色，而随着全球化的日益加剧，各国在经济、文化等领域的交流愈发频繁，英语这种语言也正从“舶来”向“输出”转变。
在线教育培训Throughout much of history, the English language has borrowed words from other languages to become the intermixed language that we know today. Yet in recent times it has become more of a lender than a borrower, says Philip Durkin, deputy chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, in an article for the BBC website.
纵览历史，英语借用了很多舶来词，演变成了今天我们所熟悉的“大杂烩”语言。然而，《牛
打电话 英文津英语大辞典》副主编菲利普·杜尔金在一篇发表在BBC网站上的文章中表示，近些年来，英语已经由“舶来”转成“输出”。
English is actually a mixture of other languages that has evolved over time bad on contact with other cultures. Linguists refer to English as a chain of borrowings that was the result of conquests by foreign invaders. Its adoption of words from so many different languages, known as loanwords, has resulted in it being one of most diver languages on the planet.
通过文化交流，英语逐步演变成一种融合了其他语言的大杂烩。语言学家认为，这一连串的舶来行为的原因在于外来者的侵占。英语吸收了各种不同语言的词汇，这些词汇通常被称为“舶来语”，这也使得英语成为世界上最多样化的语言之一。
From about 450 AD until the 11th century, various foreigners invaded England, bringing their language with them. Britain adapted its language with each invasion, mixing words to create a blended version of many different languages. The most influential languages were: West Germanic after the invasion in 700 AD; Old Nor from the Scandinavian Viki
ng invaders in the 8th and 9th centuries; and most importantly, French and Latin through the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
日语翻译成中文从公元450年左右到11世纪，英格兰遭遇了不同外来侵略者的入侵，这些侵略者将本国语言带到了这里。英国吸收了每一个侵略国的语言，将他们的语言与英语混合，创造出了一种多语言融合体。其中，对英语影响最深的语言包括：公元700年入侵者带来的西日耳曼语；8、9世纪斯堪的纳维亚入侵者带来的古挪威语；以及1066年诺曼底征服英格兰时所带来的法语和拉丁语。
Professor and author Anatoly Liberman describes loanwords as “a result of language contact in a certain place at a certain time”. For example, English started adopting Asian words (such as “jungle” and “yoga”) during the period of colonialism, when it had incread contact with this region.
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教授兼作家安托里·李伯曼将舶来语描述为“在特定时间、特定地点，因语言交流而产生的结果”。例如：在殖民统治时期，随着英国与亚洲之间的交流日益频繁，英语中融入了许多亚洲词汇（如“丛林”、“瑜伽”）。
The continued prevalenceespy of borrowing words across languages demonstrates the clo connections different cultures have with one another in our globalized world. The ri of global media, particularly online, and enhanced international communication has led to a greater need for a common language.
舶来语的经久不衰说明了在全球化背景下，不同文化之间交流的紧密。全球化传媒，尤其是网络媒体的崛起，以及国际交流的日益加深，提升了人们对通用语言的需求。
In their recent book, Globally Speaking: Motives for Adopting English Vocabulary in Other Languages, Judith Ronhou and Rotem Kowner hail English as “the lingua franca of the modern world, the common language ud for science, international business and for communication”. They report that English is the official language of more than 75 states and territories across the globe and it is the world’s most popular choice of cond language.
在新书《全球视角：其他语言使用英语舶来词的动机》中，朱迪斯·罗森豪斯和洛特姆·科内尔称英语为“现代世界的通用语，是科学研究、国际商务及交流方面的通用语言”。他们
表示，全球超过75个国家和地区将英语作为官方语言；英语是全球最受欢迎的第二语言。黄昏英文版
The ascendancy of English as a global language has drastically incread the number of words it now lends to other languages. Whether it is a French news reporter using the words “kidnapping” or “leader”; the development of the Chine word kafei from the English word coffee; or the near widespread u of “Internet”, “computer”, and “meeting” in most parts of the world — it is easy to e the drastic influence English now has on other languages.
儿童节快乐英语
geilivable英语凭借其世界语言的优势，大大增加了向其他语言输出词汇的数量。无论是法国新闻报道中所使用的“kidnapping（）”或“leader（领导）”，还是汉语中从英文“coffee”音译过来的“咖啡”一词，亦或是在全球多数地方普遍使用的“Internet（网络）”、“computer（电脑）”和“meeting（会议）”，英语对其他语言的巨大影响显而易见。
In contrast, says Durkin, the number of new borrowed words finding their way into the shared international vocabulary is on a long downward trend. Although English is now borrowing from other languages with a worldwide range, new borrowings into English tod
ay tend to cluster much more cloly in a few subject areas, especially names of food and drink.
初三语文作文辅导
