J. Ocean Univ. China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Rearch)
doi/10.1007/s11802-019-3724-x
ISSN 1672-5182, 2019 18 (2): 394-402
www.ouc.edu/xbywb/
E-mail:xbywb@ouc.edu
生活大爆炸第三季剧情A Localization Algorithm Using a Mobile Anchor Node
七月的英文Bad on Region Determination in Underwater
发音词典Wireless Sensor Networks
XU Tingting, WANG Jingjing*, SHI Wei, WANG Jianfeng, and CHEN Zhe
School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China (Received November 13, 2017; revid June 15, 2018; accepted July 10, 2018)
© Ocean University of China, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2019
阿黛尔好听的歌Abstract At prent, most underwater positioning algorithms improve the positioning accuracy by increasing the number of an-chor nodes which resulting in the increasing energy consumption. To solve this problem, the paper propos a localization algorithm assisted by mobile anchor node and bad on region determination (LMRD), which not only improves the positioning accuracy of nodes positioning but also reduces the energy consumption. This algorithm is divided into two stages: region determination stage and location positioning stage. In the region determination stage, the target region is divided into veral sub-regions by the region divi-sion strategy with the smallest overlap rate which can reduce the number of virtual anchor nodes and lock the target node to a sub-region, and then through the planning of mobile nodes to optimize the travel path, reduce the moving distance, and reduce sys-tem energy consumption. In the location positioning stage, the target node location can be calculated using the HILBERT path plan-ning and trilateration. The simulation results show that the propod algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy when the energy consumption is reduced.
bsiKey words UWSN; mobile anchor nodes; energy consumption; region determination; localization algorithmvs什么意思
1 Introduction
With the increasing emphasis on the ocean and the rapid development of wireless nsor network rearch, the rearch of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) has been paid more and more attention, while the key to underwater rearch is the accurate position of underwater target. Nowadays, underwater localization (Guo et al., 2016) is always bad on the acoustic signal with many disadvantages, such as large noi (Huang et al., 2016), low speed, limited bandwidth, multipath effect and Doppler frequency shift (Li et al., 2008; Stojanovic and Preisig, 2009). The anchor node is difficult to lay out (Zheng et al., 2016) and restricted to carrying energy. The existing underwater localization system is characterized by low positioning accuracy and high energy consump-tion etc. In order to meet the high-precision and low- power positioning, this paper propos a new positioning method.
The anchor node can be divided into fixed anchor node and mobile anchor node (MA) according to the anchor node can move or not. Fixed anchor nodes are generally laid by manual work or vesls and their position is de- * Corresponding author. Tel: 0086-532-88959279
滑梯英文翻译过来
E-mail: termined by the laying device and the environment, such as density of
conflictionwir>no otherwater, and air viscosity coefficient (Lv, 2015). Mobile anchor nodes can be underwater drift nodes and high-speed motorized aircraft etc. Once known their own position, mobile anchor nodes can move regu-larly. After the mobile anchor node moves to the planned position and transmits the signal, it continues to move to the next planned position. All the planned positions are called virtual anchor nodes. Compared with fixed anchor nodes, mobile anchor nodes can avoid the laying diffi-culty and waste of resources during the recycling which bring the higher accuracy of location. The mobile anchor node, as an underwater wireless nsor network node, is equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) naviga-tion, which can effectively reduce the number of high-cost anchor nodes and reduce the cost of underwater operations greatly (Liao et al., 2015). In order to solve the problem of underwater anchor nodes, such as laying out, energy consumption and the difficulties of energy supply, the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is necessary for the underwater application of mobile anchor nodes (Carlson et al., 2006; Guler et al., 2017). But the AUV still needs to improve its underwater running time and depth control level to meet the requirements of the un-derwater environment. In order to make the AUV run a long time underwater, Townnd and Shenoi (2016) pro-pod a gyro wave energy purification system. For depth
