grammatical level, the rhetorical level and so on.
Bad on this study, the author finds that iconicity can interpret the forming mechanism of English euphemism in a reasonable way. This will assist us comprehend the structure of English euphemism in a theoretical approach. Besides, this rearch can facilitate the English learning and teaching greatly from iconic aspect. Therefore, this rearch is quite practical, significant, and valuable.
Key words: English Euphemism, iconicity
摘要
在人类文明早期的委婉语, 是一种常见的和广泛的语言现象。很多语言学家从不同角度对委婉语进行了专研，如修辞学角度、语义学角度和语用学角度等。但这些研究只描述了委婉语的内部结构，却忽略了它的外部元素，即结构与客观现实之间的对应关系却被忽略了。所以，采用一种新的方法来研究英语委婉语的构成是有必要的。
认知语言学，是第二十世纪80年代形成的，是研究语言的一种新方法。认知语言学是利用人们对世界的经验和感知来研究语言的。象似性, 由皮尔斯首先提出，是认知语言学重要的理论。它试图探索人类认知和语言结构之间的映射关系。
在象似性理论的基础上，本文试图从象似性角度探讨美国著名电视连续剧《老友记》前三季中委婉语的形成机制，目的在于解释语言形式和概念结构之间的映射关系, 主要表现在数量象似性、标记象似性和距离象似性。作者运用象似性原则分析英语委婉语，结果发现象似性存在于英语委婉语的不同层面，如词汇、语法、修辞层面等。
通过研究，作者发现象似性能够从合理的角度解释英语委婉语的构成，这将帮助我们从理论上理解英语委婉语的结构。而且，从象似性角度研究英语委婉语还可以促进英语学习和英语教学。因此，本研究具有重要的实用价值和意义。
关键词：英语委婉语；象似性
Contents
Acknowledgements (i)
Abstract in English ..................................................................................................... i i Abstract i v Chapter 1 Introduction (1)
1.1 Background of the Prent Study (1)
1.2 Purpo and Significance of the Study (2)
1.3 Overall Structure of the Paper (4)
my family 英语作文Chapter 2 Literature Review (5)
2.1 English Euphemism (5)
2.1.1 Definition of English Euphemism (6)
2.1.2 Classification of English Euphemism (8)
2.1.3 Formation Devices of English Euphemism (11)
2.1.3.1 Lexical Approach (11)
2.1.3.2 Grammatical Approach (14)
2.1.3.3 Rhetorical Approach (18)
2.2 Previous Studies on Euphemism (19)
2.2.1 Studies on Euphemism Abroad (19)
2.2.2 Studies on Euphemism at Home (20)
设计师资格证2.3 A Brief Introduction to Friends (21)
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework and Methodology (23)
编程 培训机构>voiceover3.1 Theoretical Framework-Iconicity (23)末日时钟
3.1.1 Definition of Iconicity (23)
3.1.2 Major Studies of Iconicity (25)
3.1.3 Principles of Iconicity Theory (28)
3.2 Methodology (32)
3.2.1Rearch questions (32)
3.2.2 Data Collection (33)
上海对外贸易学院研究生部
3.2.3 Data Analysis (34)家翻译
Chapter 4 An Analysis of Englsih Euphemism in Friends from the Perspective of Iconicity (36)
4.1 Quantity Iconicity of English Euphemism in Friends (37)
4.1.1 Quantity Iconicity of Englsih Euphemism at the lexical Level (37)
4.1.2 Quantity Iconicity of Englsih Euphemism at the Grammatical Level .. 43
4.2 Markedness Iconicity of Englsih Euphemism in Friends (48)
4.2.1 Markedness Iconicity of English Euphemism at the Grammatical Level
(49)
4.2.1.1 The U of Interrogative Sentence (49)
4.2.1.2 The U of Subjunctive Mood (51)
4.2.2 Markedness Iconicity of English Euphemism at the Rhetorical Level .53
4.2.2.1 The U of Overstatement (53)
4.2.2.2 The U of Understatement (55)
4.3 Distance Iconicity of English Euphemism in Friends (56)
marry me什么意思>adjuster4.3.1 Distance Iconicity of English Euphemism at the Grammatical Level .. 57
4.3.2 Distance Iconicity of English Euphemism at the Lexical Level (61)
Chapter 5 Conclusion (63)端午节英语
5.1 Major Findings (64)
5.2 Implications and Limitations (65)
5.3 Suggestions for Future Rearches (67)
References (68)
