【专题】高考英语阅读理解备考：阅读理解句子长句解析
高考英语阅读理解备考：
结合高考真题阅读之长难句解析
高中英语学习，素来有“得阅读者得天下”之说，关于如何得阅读经广大一线教师多年潜心研究，众说纷纭。笔者作为小教一名，主要结合全国I卷几篇阅读语料，就阅读中的长句分析略发表想法一二，不成熟之处，望海涵。
airdrop鉴于英语是典型形合语，高中生若想做好阅读试题，长句分析是不可或缺的基本技能之一，而该项技能的获得，不是简单了解从句结构，而是需要精通五种基本句型，七种句子成分，常考特殊语法现象，比如祈使句、倒装句、省略句、虚拟语气等，此外能就常考词类活用及派生词有一定认知，并能就句子意群之间的聚合关系进行逻辑辨析。
例句：
阅读A篇
1. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start business all year round.
分析：这是典型的广告文陈述方式，采用了自问自答的设问方式，前面的问句用了省略形式，补充完成就是If you are not a student, and you want to find summer jobs, what can you do. 回答就是You can go to the government website to learn(不定时表目的) about programs and online tools（并列关系） available（两个并列名词的后置定语） to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start business all year round. （help sb do sth宾补结构，但补语部分为build、find和start三个动词的并列）
2. Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer business.
分析：主干provide sb with sth的结构，Summer Company(主语) provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000（awards的后置定语） to start and run（不定时表目的） their own summer business（名词词组意群）.
3. Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.（阅读A篇）
分析：Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program（方式状语）日语 培训, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups（对the Provincial Public Service这个名词短语的诠释）.
阅读B篇
1. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
分析：“It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains（插入语）, “especially for a stude
nt who is learning English as their new language（especially引导的插入语，对前面any student的内容进行加深处理）, to feel confident enough to（形式主语It所指代内容） say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
2. Whaley got the idea of this cond-grade presidential campaign project（A of B，两个名词性意群构成的固定结构，一般译为B的A固定结构） when（时间状语从句引导词） he asked the children one day to rai their hands（ask sb to do sth, one day作为时间状语插入其中） if（when从句内的条件状语从句引导词） they thought they could never be a president.
innocentive
阅读C篇
1. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
分析：Thus（与上文的逻辑语义关系，信息定位关键词）, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, andangel啥意思 by extension（插入语）, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right（破折号后的诠释）.
cibc2. Data collected from the device could be ud to recognize different participants bad on how they typed, with very low error rates.
分析：Data collected from the device（后置定语，是定语从句的简化形式） could be ud to recognize different participants bad on how they typed, with very low error rates.
3. The rearchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
分析：The rearchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commer
cialize and（and并列两个谓语动词，主语为icibathe keyboard） is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts.
阅读D篇
1. They ro in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found mylf.
分析：They ro in the ranks not by being friendly but北外（not A but B 不是A二是B的固定结构） by nytsmoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others（三个v-ing形式的动词词组并列）, among whom I soon found mylf.
2. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.
分析： The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities（超长名词性词组做主语） strengthe
n（谓语动词）schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and（并列前面的strengthen和后面的are employed两个谓语动词）, when tapped early,（插入语） are employed ever after in life and work.
3. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
分析：It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment（主语从句中的比较状语）, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”（黑体部分为主语从句，但因为谓语动词show太短，用it做形式主语）会计入门基础知识
