文学史之浪漫主义
Good morning everyone! Today our group will talk about something of the romanticism. As we all know that romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe. And our group mainly focus on English romanticism.
Here is our outline. It includes five parts, respectively, time, definition, background, features and schools.
First, about the time. With the publication of Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge in 1798, romanticism began. And it ended in 1832, with Sir Walter Scott’s death. Sir Walter Scott was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright and poet with many contemporary readers in the world.
Second, the definition.English Romanticism is in revolt against the neoclassical spirit and rationalism. The esnce of this new movement is the glorification（赞美） of instinct and emotion, a deep veneration [venə'reɪʃn]（崇拜） of nature, and a flaming zeal to remark the world.
Third, the background. There are historical and intellectual background. As for historical background, there are 3 political and social factors that gave ri to the romantic movement. They are the American and French revolution, national liberation movements and democratic movements. And this famous picture is called 自由引导人民. What’d os more, the English Industrial Revolution also exerted great influence on English Romanticism.
Here is the 自学网intellectual background. The shift in literature from emphasis on reason to instinct and emotion was intellectually prepared for by a number of thinkers in the later half of the 18th century. I would like to introduce 3 of them to you.
Rousau, the French philosopher, is generally regarded as the father of romanticism.He rejects the worship of reason and insists that the progress of learning is destructive to human happiness. He also preaches that civilized men should精彩对白”return to the nature”.cisar
Edmund Burke, as a political philosopher, is known for his Reflection on the Revolution i
n France, in which he repudiates the revolution, claiming that no one has the right to destroy the institutions that have been pasd down to him through generations and to destroy them is to destroy civilization itlf. In his early work A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our Ideals of the Sublime and the Beautiful, he links the sublime and the beautiful to elevating（提高） the function of instincts and emotions.
Thomas Paine, he published the Rights of Man. And this book asrts that “man has no property in man”and justifies the radical actions of the French people in the revolution, claiming that it is the right of the people to overthrow a government that oppos humanity.
副局长英文 Forth, features. There are 7 major characteristic features of the romantic movement. I would choo some of them to explain.walle
1. Subjectivism(主观化)：the interest of the romantic poets is in the feelings, thoughts, romantic poets
2. spontaneity（自发性）：Wordsworth defines poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”
3. Singularity(奇异): romantic poets have a strong love for the remote, the unusual, the strange, the supernatural, the mysterious and so on. All the qualities are tho that the neo-classic writers tried to avoid. 4、Worship of nature 5、Simplicity
6、Melancholy(忧郁)：there is a dominating note of melancholy in the poems of the romantic poets.
7、A freer ver form: romantic poets loved to u a freer form, not the standard form of “heroic coupletszhet” preferred by neoclassic writers.
Last is two schools of romanticism. The first one is passive romanticism(消极浪漫主义), including “the lake poets(湖畔派)” reprented by William Wordsworth华兹华斯, Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治 and Robert Southey骚塞. Here is some explanation.消极浪漫主义派:代表没落贵族阶级的愿望和情绪，鼓吹逃避现实、脱离斗争，宣扬神秘主义，歌颂忍
耐和驯服，美化中世纪。具有复古倾向。主人公往往是自我陶醉、消极厌世和脱离现实的“幻想家”。
The cond one is active romanticism(积极浪漫主义) including “The Satanic school撒旦派onetop”, with Byron拜伦, Shelly雪莱 and Keats济慈 as reprentativespaste什么意思. In Chine:积极浪漫主义派：正视现实、渴望斗争，崇尚自由解放精神，既否定封建社会的黑暗统治，也批判资本主义的罪恶现实，将理想寄予朦胧的未来。具有民主倾向。主人公往往是具有个性和有革命要求的“反抗者”。
Tha欧风小语种’s all. Thank you!
