非谓语作补语
一．带to的不定式（ to do ） 作宾补的动词
常见的有：ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advi, order, force, cau, allow, permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, nd, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补
1. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer cour to improve my writing skills. (北京卷)
A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take
2. The teacher asked us ________ so much noi. (北京卷)
A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make
3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷)
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do
4. The patient was warned ________ oily food after the operation. (全国卷)
aboveallA. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to
在使役动词make, let, have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。happy feet
1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister.
A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry
2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard. (全国卷)
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式
感官动词feel, listen to, hear, e, look at, watch, notice，obrve 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的(在被动式后作主补时要加to)不定式(全过程)或者现在分词作宾补(正在发生)，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补
1. They knew her very well. They had en her ________ up from childhood. (全国卷)
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
2. The missing boy were last en ________ near the river. (全国卷)
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
3. The managers discusd the plan that they would like to e ________ the next year. (全国卷)
A. carried out B. carrying out eversion C. carry out D. to carry out
四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的3个动词
在want, get, have等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。现分述如下：
①青少年军事特训营want sb. doing希望某人做某事(多用于否定)；want sb. to do要某人做某事；want sth. done=want sth. to be done(被动)。
I don’t want you arriving late. 我希望你不要迟到。(主动、否定句)
I want the letter (to be) opened now. 我现在就想把这封信拆开。(被动)
②get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); get…doing使…开始做某事; get…done=have sth. done请人做 / 遭受(被动)。如：
I’ll try to get her ________ the doctor. (上海卷)
ptr>学化妆需要什么A. e B. eing C. to e D. for eing
③have sth. done=get sth. done请人做某事; have sb / sth. doing sth. 使某人 / 某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(见使役动词)；have sth. to do有事
要做(见非谓语动词作定语部分)。wonderwall
1. He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch ________. (上海卷)
A. to repair B. repaired C.repairing D. repair
五．可用分词但不用to do作补语的5个动词
Leave，keep, find等后可用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)作补语，一般不用to do。在catch(撞见), smell(闻到), 等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词。
1. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________ all night. (全国卷)
A. to burn B. burnt C. burning D. burned
2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen. (全国卷)
市场总监英文A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
3. He looked around and caught a man ________ his hand into the pocket of a pasnger. (安徽卷)
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting
4. The salesman scolded the girl caught ________ and let her off. (全国卷)
A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing
5.Don’t leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth. (天津卷)
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run。
whatever的用法六．make onelf 后常用understood等过去分词作宾补
make onelf understood / heard / en / known让别人明白自己的意思 / 让自己讲的话被别人听到 / 让自己被别人看到 / 让自己被别人认识。如：
1. The speaker raid his voice but still couldn’t make himlf ________. (全国卷)
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
2. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music. (广西卷)
A. making herlf hear B. to make herlf hear C. making herlf heard D. to make herlf heard
七．可用to be或to have done作补语的9个动词
在表示“认为”的think, consider, believe, suppo, prove, find, understand, judge, imagine等动词后，可跟to be作补语(认为…是…)，一般不跟to do；但在think, consider, believe等之后可跟to have done作补语(认为…做了…)。如：
Charles Babage is generally considered ________ the first computer. (全国卷)
A. to have invented B. inventing fuel是什么意思C. to invent D. having invented
