培训机构招生SkoposTheory目的论
Skopos Theory
For Vermeer, translation is a type of human action, an intentional, purpoful behavior that takes place in a given situation. It is a form of translation action bad on a source text. He holds that any action has an aim, a purpo, so does translation activity. The Greek word “skopos”, which was introduced into translation theory by Vermeer in the 1970s, is a technique term for the goal or purpo of a translation, that is what a translator is aiming at in the translation process.
The esnce of the theory:
The prime principle determining any translation process is the purpo (skopos) of the overall translation action,which is regarde d as the central theory by the German Functionalism.
The advantage of skopos theory is that it allows the possibil ity of the same text being transl
ated in different ways according to the purpo of the TT and the commission which is given to the translator.
It includes three principles: skopos rule, coherence rule, and fidelity rule. Skopos rule explains that translation is determine d by purpo. Coherence rule mainly focus on the coherence of fo rm and meaning. Fidelity rule is faithful to the original writing . If there is contradiction among three principles, skopos rule s hould be put in the first place.
skopos rule：
网课课程收获和感悟According to skopos theory, principle of all translation activities follow the "objective principle", namely the translation should be in language context and culture, according to the target text receivers expected function types. The purpo of translation is to determine the whole process of translation, that is to say, the method of determining the outcome. But the translation activities can have multiple purpos, which further divided into three categories: (1) the basic purpo of the translator ; (2) the communicative purpo of the translation (such as enlightening); (3) to u some special means of transl
brimming>highdefinition>frankensteination purpo (such as to illustrate the special grammatical structure a language in the literal way) according to its structure. However, under normal circumstances, the "objective" refers to the communicative purpo of the translation, namely "translation of the target readers in the target language
冷静英语
in the social cultural context of communicative function". (Venuti:2001) therefore, the translator should make clear its specific purpo in a given translation context, and in accordance with the objective to determine the - between literal translation and free translation or between what the translation method.
Coherence rule：
It refers to the translation must conform to inter-textual coherence standard, namely with readability and acceptability, can make the recipient understand and have significance in the target culture and the communicative context. Fidelity rule means that there should be interlingual coherence between the original and the translation (inter - textual coherence). This is equivalent to what other translation theories call fidelity to the original
katie holmestext, but the degree and form of faithfulness with the source text depends on the purpo of the translation and the translator's understanding of the original text.dungeons
Loyalty rule:
The principle of loyalty was put forward by Nord. She found that Skopostheorie has two drawbacks: first, becau of the differences of cultural patterns, people with different cultural backgrounds have different views on good translation; in addition, if the intention principle required by the communicative purpo of the translation and the original author of the opposite, then we will abide by the objective principle and principle of faithfulness. Therefore, Nord put forward the principle of loyalty to solve the relationship between cultural differences and the participants in the translation process. Nord believes that the translator has a moral obligation to the receiver and must explain to them what he has done and why. This is part of the principle of loyalty. On the other hand, the translator is required to be loyal to the original author. The translator should respect the original author and coordinate the target text and the author's intention. Therefore, the principle of
loyalty focus on the relationship between the translator and the author, the customer, the receiver and the participants in the translation process. Nord propod that the translator should follow the guiding principle of "function plus loyalty", that let the theory become perfecting.baiyue
Skopostheorie has a wide range of applications, not only for translation, but also for interpretation, especially for interpreting studies. The translation process is a complicated process involving multiple choice, skopos theory highlights the subjectivity of the translator, the translator to get rid of the shackles of the traditional equivalence theory, the translation purpo as the starting point and fundamental task of translation, has greatly changed our original concept of translation. From the translation strategy, the
translation method, to the choice of the form and content of the original text, to the production of the target text, the translation purpo
is ud as the reference.
relation是什么意思
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