英语长句的分析
一般来说，造成长句的原因有三方面： (1) 修饰语过多；(2) 并列成分多； (3) 语言结构层次多。在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法：
(1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，从整体上把握句子的结构。
(2) 找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。
(3) 分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句等，若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。
(4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，例如，定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。
(5) 注意插入语等其他成分。
(6) 注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。
1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raid in an environment where there are man
y stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate respons will experience greater intellectual development.
2. For a family of four，for example，it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home，加拿大维多利亚大学with almost unlimited entertainment available，than to go out in arch of amument elwhere.
3. But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited，and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”，the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and rerves of the materials.
4. Prior to the twentieth century，women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions impod by the male-dominated culture.
5. It begins as a childlike interest in the grand spectacle and exciting event； it grows as a mature interest in the variety and complexity of the drama，the splendid achievements
and terrible failures； it ends as deep n of the mystery of man`s life of all the dead，great and obscure，who once walked the earth，and of wonderful and awful possibilities of being a human being.
6. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction，and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of obrvation and independent judgment ，they would not be so hurt，and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by renting and resisting it.
7. It therefore becomes more and more important that，if students are not to waste their opportunities，there will have to be much more detailed information about cours and more advice.
8. It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English ems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood.
9. They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a cur which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations ud as a means to fight their way out of poverty.
10.A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor became the classic poor，the poor under the rather romantic gui of the Beat Generation，a real phenomenon in the late fifties.
11. Such is a human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.
all but：几乎，差不多
as anything：非常地
anything but：根本不
apart from：除了
定语but for：要不是
by far：远不，……得多
by no means：根本不
by any means：无论如何
due to：由于
except for：除了
far fromgre雅思托福区别：远非
in contact with：与……联系
instead of：而不是
on account of：因为
on the basis of：根据
only to：结果是
might/may as well：还是……的好
not so much…as：与其说……不如说
not really：远不
not to mention：更不用说
let alone：更不用说
no more…than…：和……一样都不
no less than：简直是
nothing less than：完全是
cannot…too…：再……也不过分
rather than：而不是
owing to：由于
It is assumed that：人们认为
aroudIt is said that：据说
It is learned that：据闻
It is suppod that：据推测
It is considered that：据估计
It is believed that：人们认为
It is reported that：据报道
It is well-known that：众所周知
It is asrted that：有人断言
It is clear/obvious/evident that：很显然
It can’t be denied that：不可否认 收回英语
It must be admitted that：必须承认
It must be pointed that：必须指出
一、复合从句
这些句子往往较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣,使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。其实,不管句子有多长多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构(如:I want a ticket.)或主系表结构history是什么意思(如:The man is a teacher.)。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,make sb也可以是短语experience什么意思,更常见的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。这些从句都很常见南非总统祖玛,考生比较熟悉,但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时,考生应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了
2001.1 CET-4 Passage 4
Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material. 回收利用不但可以创造就业机会,来促进当地经济的发展,还可以控制污染,并通过为工业提供更好的原材料来降低制造再生产品的工业部门的能源成本。
在这个句子中,主句有两个并列的谓语动词stimulates和trims,而且,trims有两个并列的宾语pollution control和energy costs, that引导的定语从句修饰industries一词。
>barking
