The Trial That Rocked the World
sukuPart 1 General introduction
1. about the author:
John Scopes (1900——1970) once a school-teacher in Dayton, Tenne.
Principle of the “Monkey Trial”. Later弗兰奇 莫尼兹 became a geologist for an oil company.
2. Backgroud:
⑴For a number of years a clash had been building up between the fundamentalist(基要主义者) and the modernists(现代主义者).③
⑵fundamentalism was strong in Tenne, and the state legislature had pasd a law prohibiting the teaching of “any theory that denies the story of creation as taught in the Bible”④
⑶中秋节快乐 英语The exits of Darwin’s evolution.
⑷John Scopes taught the students evolution.
3. about the affair
1、Reason: John Scopes taught the students evolution which was considered against the law.
2、Time: July 10, 1925
3、Place: A court in Dayton, Tenne.
4、Conflicts:
Characters | Clarence Darrow (counl, lawyer) Malone (Catholic, counl) Hays(Jew ,counl) George Rappelyea (engineer) Kirtley Mather (Professor, scientist) | sabas VS | William Jennings Bryan （orator） John Butler(farmer) Tom Stewart (lawyer ,attorney-general) 12 jurors(陪审团成员), three had never read any book except the Bible. One couldn't read |
Point of views | ⒈Accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin——all animal life had evolved from a common ancestor.③ ⒉The reason why John Scopes was accud is ignorance and bigotry are rampant.⒀ ⒊ If so no one Would dare to bring any intelligence and enlightens and culture to the human mind.⒁ ⒋The truth is eternal A厉害英语nd needs no human agency to support it.(24) | ⒈They are adhere to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament(圣约书)③ ⒉Man came from above.(20) ⒊”The Bible” is not going to be driven out from this court by experts.(21) | 马克 特伦茨
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5. Result:
The trail turned to be a “victorious defeat”. The verdict was guilty. John Scopes was fined 100dollars and costs. He was offered his teaching job back but he declined and he got scholarship to the University of Chicago.
6. Influences:
Since the trial, the schools and legislative offices of the United States have deeply affected, and the intellectual and academic freedom has grown. Bad on the trial the business man made a great profit. (10, 26)
the authors say the trial rocked the world
⒈Hot Media attention: For the first time in history to broadcast a jury trial, More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcers.(2), and 22 telegraphers were nding out 165,000 words a day on the trial. (28)
⒉Many people came to e: For fear that the old court’s floor might collap under the weight of the throng, the trial was resumed outside under the maples.(29)
⒊It snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history.
Part 2 Details adout this passage
1) Main idea
John Scopes was a young high-school science teacher and football coach in Dayton, a little town in Tenne, where fundamentalism where strong .He was accud of breaking the anti-evolution law and was brought to court, becau of teaching his students evolution. The renowned criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow helped him defend, and William Jennings Bryan was the leading counl for the procution. Thousands of people came to visit, and a group of scientists and professors helped to testify Scope’s behalf. The trial began on July 10th, 1925, and lasted for 3 days. On the first day, the preliminary fight appears to be. On the cond day, the procution calling witness again
st Scopes. Darrow and Bryan go on the heated debate. The climax of the trial is that Darrow succeeded in pointing out veral rious inconsistencies in Fundamentalist belief when Darrow was called as a witness for the defen. On the third day, the verdict came out and scopes was convicted and fined 100 dollars. It shows that the trial was en as a victory for evolution.
2) Style of the text
①Narration: To narrate is to given an account of an event or ries of events. In other words, a narrative recreates an event or gives a n of it by helping the audience visualize the event.
②Language features：Sarcasm, ridicule & irony
Irony is a subtle form of humor which involves saying things that you do not mean
Iいきものがかりf you ridicule someone or ridicule their ideas or beliefs, you make fun of them in an unkind way
Sarcasm is usually intended to mock or insult someone
3) Rhetorical Devices
1 Simile（明喻）
. Gone was the fierce fervour of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.(22)
Analysis: (1) 此句是一个倒装句，正确语序应为：The fierce fervour ……was gone.
(2) 句中swept……like a prairie fire 为明喻，指的是布莱恩参加竞选活动时到各地巡回演讲击溃自己的对手的情景。
②Metaphor(暗喻)
. ……my ca would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history.（9）
Analysis: snowball 原指“滚雪球”，此处引申为“像雪球一样越滚越大”，十分形象。
…
…our town of people had taken on circus atmosphere.
Analysis: circus atmosphere把小镇上那种气氛比作像看马戏表演一样。
Then the court broke into the storm of applau that surpasd that for Bryan.(25)
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Analysis: a storm of applau 把法庭上的辩论比作风暴
Now Darrow sprang his trump card……the defence.(30)
Analysis: sprang one’s trump card 原指在某些扑克游戏中能胜过其他花色的牌的花色主牌，此处喻为“使出绝招”。
The oratorical storm that……the passing years.(48)
Analysis:这句话把法庭上的那场辩论比喻作一股春风，它带来了思想学术自由的新气象。
③Pun(双关语)
Definition: A pun is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. I
满足的英文t is not strictly a figure of speech, but becau it relied heavily on metaphorical or figurative meanings of words for its effect, it if often included in lists of such figures.
. 老友记第一季中英文字幕下载……Darwin is right---inside.(26)
Analysis:此句可有两种理解：破折号前面的意思是“达尔文先生是对的，”把整个句子连起来意思就成了“达尔文先生就在店里面。”这是个有趣的文字游戏。
