IEC 60050-903-- Risk asssment 风险评估
条款英文术语中文术语
红字
（GB/T
20000.4-
2003）
GB/T
23694-
2009
英文定义（903英文原文）
中文定义
红字为（GB/T 20000.4-2003）
兰字为（GB/T 23694-2009）
来源
903-01-01harm
伤害
档案的英语伤害
physical injury or damage to persons, property, and
livestock
对人员、财产及牲畜产生的损伤或毁
坏。
对物质的损伤，或对人体健康、财产
或环境的损害。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.2
903-01-02hazard
危险
危险（源）
危险
potential source of harm
Note 1 to entry: In English, the term “hazard” can be
qualified in order to define the origin of the hazard or the
nature of the expected harm (e.g. “electric shock hazard”,
“crushing hazard”, “cutting hazard”, “toxic hazard”, “fire
hazard”, “drowning hazard”).
Note 2 to entry: In French, the synonym “risque” is ud
together with a qualifier or a complement to define the
origin of the hazard or the nature of the expected harm
(e.g. “risque de choc électrique”, “risque d'écrament”,
“risque de coupure”, “risque toxique”, “risqué d'incendie”,
“risque de noyade”).
Note 3 to entry: In French, the term “risque” also denotes
the combination of the probability of occurrence of
harm and the verity of that harm, in English “risk”
lady是什么意思(e 903-01-07).
伤害的潜在起源
注1：“危险”一词可由其起源（如
机械危险、电气危险）或其潜在伤害
的性质（如电击危险、碾压危险、切
割危险、中毒危险、火灾危险、溺水
危险）进行限定。
可能导致伤害的潜在根源。
注：术语“危险（源）”可按产
生伤害的来源或可预料的伤害性质来
划分（例如触电危险、碾压危险、切
割危险、中毒危险、着火危险、溺水
危险等）。
潜在伤害的来源。
注：危险可以是一类风险源（5.5.1.2）。
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999,
definition 3.5,
modified – The
information in the note
has been
enlarged to clarify the
u of the terms
“hazard” in English
and “risque” in
French.
903-01-03hazard
zone
危险区
any space within and/or around a product, process or
rvice in which persons, or livestock can be expod to a
hazard
使人或牲畜面临危险的产品、流程或
服务和/或其周围的区域。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.4,
modified – The definition has
been revid to be more
broad: "low
voltage equipment" has been replaced by "product, process or rvice".
903-01-04hazardous
event
危险事件
event that can cau harm
Note 1 to entry: A hazardous event can occur over a short
period of time or over an extended period of time.
能够导致伤害的事件
注1：危险事件可以在一个短暂的或
在一个延长的期间内发生。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.5
903-01-05hazardous
situation
危险状态
危险情况
circumstance in which persons, property and livestock or
the environment are expod to at least one hazard
Note 1 to entry: The exposure can immediately or over a
period of time result in harm.
使人员、财产及牲畜或环境面临至少
一种危险。
注1：该危险可能是立即发生的或在
伤害发生的一段时间后出现。
人员、财产或环境暴露于危险中的情
形。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.6,
modified – The explanation
concerning the exposure has
been transferred to Note 1 to
entry.
903-01-06incident
事件（小?
）
past hazardous event
Note 1 to entry: An incident that has occurred and resulted
in harm can be referred to as an accident. Whereas an
incident that has occurred and that did not result in harm
can be referred to as a near miss occurrence.
已发生的危险事件
注：已经发生了的、且导致伤害的被
称之为事故的一个事件。然而，已发
生但未导致伤害的事件，几乎不会出
现。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.7
903-01-07risk
风险
风险
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and
the verity of that harm
Note 1 to entry: In French, the term “risque” also denotes
the potential source of harm, in English “hazard” (e 903-
01-02).
伤害发生的概率和伤害影响程度的综
合。
对伤害的一种综合衡量，包括伤害发
生的概率和伤害的严重程度。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.13
903-01-08risk
meditation什么意思
analysis
风险分析
风险分析
systematic u of available information to identify hazards
and to estimate the risk
系统地使用有效信息，以识别危险并
评估风险
系统地运用现有信息确定危险（源）
和估价风险的过程。
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.10
903-01-09risk
evaluation
风险评估
风险评价
风险评价
procedure bad on the risk analysis to determine whether
the tolerable risk has been achieved
基于风险分析的、用以确定是否达到
可接受的风险的过程步骤
客户经理竞聘演讲稿
根据风险分析的结果确定实现可容许
风险的过程。
对比风险分析（5.6.1）结果和风
SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide
51:1999, 3.11
险准则（5.3.1.3），以确定风险
（3.1）和/或其大小是否可以接受或容忍的过程。注：风险评价有助于风险应对（5.8.1）决策。
903-01-10risk
2011新课标文综asssmen
t
风险评价
风险评定
风险评估
overall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk
evaluation
包括风险分析和风险评定在内的全过
alertpay
程。
包括风险分析和风险评价的全过程。
包括风险识别（5.5.1）、风险分析
cameron knight
（5.6.1）和风险评价（5.7.1）的全过
程。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.15
903-01-11residual
risk
遗留风险
残余风险
剩余风险
risk remaining after protective measures have been taken
NOTE Sometimes it is possible that tolerable risk is
already achieved by applying step 1 or steps 1 and 2.
Figure 1 – Principle of safety integration
Note 1 to entry: IEC Guide 116 distinguishes: the residual
risk after protective measures have been taken by the
designer; the residual risk remaining after all protective
measures have been implemented by the ur.
在采取防护措施之后剩余的风险。
注：有时通过步骤1，或步骤1和2，
可达到可接受的风险。
注1：IEC Guide 116区分：
设计人员在设计上采取了防护措施之
后的剩余风险；使用者采用了全部防
护措施之后的剩余风险。
在实施防护措施后还存在的风险。
大使馆英文风险应对（5.8.1）之后剩余的风
险（3.1）。
注1：剩余风险可包括未识别的风险。
注2：剩余风险还被称为“留存的风险”。
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999,
definition 3.9, modified]
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.12,
modified – The text "(e also
Figure 1)" has been replaced
by Figure 1. In the Note,
"This IEC Guide"
903-01-12tolerable
risk
可接受的
风险
可容许分
险
risk which is accepted in a given context bad on the
current values of society
在基于当前的社会价值的前提下，可
以接受的风险。
按当今社会价值取向在一定范围内可
以接受的风险。
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.14
903-01-13intended
u
预期用途
预期的使
u of a product, process or rvice in accordance with the
information for u provided by the supplier
根据供应商提供的信息，使用产品、
流程或服务。
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.13,
modified – "information" has
用按供方提供的信息对产品、过程或服
务的使用。been replaced by "information for
u".
903-01-14reasonabl
y
foreeabl
e misu
可预见的
误用
可合理预
见的误使
用
u of a product, process or rvice in a way not intended
by the supplier, but which may result from readily
swimmer
predictable human behaviour
由容易预见的人的行为习性所致，未
能按供应商的预定方式进行的产品、
流程或服务的使用。
未按供方的规定对产品、过程或服务
的使用，但这种结果是由很容易预见
的人为活动所引起的。
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.14
903-01-15single
fault
condition
单一故障
状态
condition in which there is a fault of a single protection
(but not a reinforced protection) or of a single component
or a device
Note 1 to entry: If a single fault condition results in one or
more other fault conditions, all are considered as one single
fault condition.
单一防护（非强化防护）或单独组件
或设备的存在故障的状态。
注1：若一个故障条件导致一个活多
个其他故障状况出现，则这些都作为
一个单一故障状态
IEC Guide 104:2010, 3.8
903-01-16malfuncti
on
故障
（坏了-功
能紊乱-失
灵）
situation for which the electrical equipment does not
perform the intended function due to a variety of reasons,
including:
* variation of a property or of a dimension of the procesd
material or of the work piece;
* failure of one (or more) of its component parts or ervices;
* external disturbances (e.g. shocks, vibration,
electromagnetic interference);
* design error or deficiency (e.g. software errors);
* disturbance of its power supply;
* surrounding conditions (e.g. condensation due to
temperature change).
由于包括下述在内的各种原因，电气
设备不能执行其预期功能的状况：
大学六级
* 加工材料或工件的形态或尺寸的变
换；
* 一个或多个组件或服务发生的失效；
* 外部干扰（如冲击，振动，电磁干
扰）;
* 设计的错误或不足（如软件错误）；
* 供电的干扰；
* 周围条件（如由于温度变换出现的
凝结）
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.9
903-01-17protective
measure
防护措施
防护措施
measure intended to achieve adequate risk reduction,
implemented:
* by the designer (inherent design, safeguarding and
complementary protective measures, information for u)
and
* by the ur (organization: safe working procedures,
预定达到适当的风险减小的措施，
由：
- 设计者实施（本质设计、安全防护
和附加防护措施、使用信息）；
- 由使用者实施（组织、安全工作程
IEC Guide 116:2010, 3.10
