Error correction:
错 误 类 型
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an inrtion mark(∧蔬菜歌)in the right place and writing the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.
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(换、增、删)
1.逻辑表达错误 （语义衔接错误）
2.介词使用错误 （少介词/多介词/介词错误）
3.代词使用错误 （代词的复数与单数问题，考虑前后句间的衔接）
4.非谓语动词使用错误 （ing-ed-原形-to do间的互换）
5.主谓语前后不一致错误
6.名词的错误 （单复数问题/主谓一致问题）
7.冠词的错误 （多冠词/少冠词/冠词使用错误）
8.句子结构的错误 （并列结构、复合结构）
玷污是什么意思
9.时态语态和语气的使用错误 （前后时态不一致/虚拟语气）
10.易混淆词的使用错误。（形近意不同）
一、逻辑表达的错误
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逻辑表达错误是由于某个词语使用不当而造成文章在语义上前后不一致或者矛盾的错误类型，具有难度大、不易发现的特点。这类错误往往需要在考生充分理解全文并具有较强的语言综合应用能力的基础上方可解答。一般来说，逻辑表达错误包括两种类型。
第一种是反义词的使用错误，常见的这类错误有：
1派生反义词，如：encourage-discourage，load-unload，satisfy-dissatisfy等；
②互补性反义词，如：dead-alivejakarta，boy-girl，man-woman，male-female，brother-sister，married-single等；
③换位性反义词，如：buy-ll，give-receive，lend-borrow，husband-wife，parent-child，left-right等；
④相对性反义词，如：easy-hard，big-small，cold-hot，old-young，wide-narrow，love-hate等；
⑤按上下文语义，行中多用了not或no，或必须添上not或no。
一般错误多在形容词、副词、动词和名词。
第二种是连接词的使用错误，包括：
1并列连词，如：and，but，for，or等；
2主从连词，这类词较多，如：becau，(al)though，if，unless，before，after，until，as，while，whereas等；
3连接性副词初中学历考大专，如：however，moreover，besides，nevertheless，then，thus等；
④连接性介词，如：becau of，despite，besides，instead of等。
例1
visionaryRecently more and more attention has been focud on the problem of prerving the environment. The fact that a Government Ministry called the Department of the Environment has been created shows how unimportant the issue is considered to be. 1.__________
Many other countries have established similar organizations.
这段文章，所要表达的意思是：人们对环境问题的重视，并成立了环境部，从而意在说明环境这个问题是多么的重要。显而易见，该处的unimportant应该改为具有肯定意义的impo
rtant。此处错误属于第一种，即反义词的使用错误。
例2
In our society all kinds of work are equally important. For example, the work of a completely uneducated farmer is in some n more important than that of a
professor: we can live without education, so we die if we 1. __________
have no food. This is a simple truth that everybody believes. Although no one cleaned our streets and took the 2. _____
rubbish away from our hou, we would get terrible dias in our towns.
在这段文章，第一处要表达的意思是：农民的工作在某种程度上甚至比教授还重要，这是因为不受教育我们照样能活下去，但是没有食物我们却无法存活。因此应该将so改为but，这样才符合文章的逻辑。第二处错误，咋看似乎是一个让步从句，然而后文却毫无转折之意，其实它是一个条件式虚拟语句，应该将although改为if。这两处错误均属于逻辑表达错
误中的第二种，即连接词使用错误。这类错误比较第一种错误来说，重在考查考生对英语语言的应用方面。
通过例题以及解答不难看出，逻辑错误主要是考查学生对整篇文章的理解，一般不容易第一眼便发现，只有我们读完全文或者上下文之后才可以把握。
Practice
1 There are many arguments for and against television.
The poor quality of its program is often criticized and TV commercials are also boring. So television is undoubtedly 1.__________
a great comfort to many lonely and elderly people.
2 The manager of a large office building had received
many complaints about elevator rvice in the building,
but he engaged a group of engineers to study the situation 2.__________
deluxe是什么意思
and make recommendation for improvement.
3 We asked a lady, who replied that she thought
you could tell a well-mannered person by the way
they occupied the space around them——for example,
when such a person walks down a street he or she is
federationconstantly unaware of others. Such people never 3.__________
digo
bump into other people.
4 Until the very latest moment of his existence,
man has been bound the planet on which he
originated and developed. Now he has the capability
to leave that planet and move out into the univer to
tho worlds which he has known previously only directly. 4.__________
5 One major decision which faces the American
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students ready to begin higher education is the
choice of attending a large university or a small
college. The large university provides a wide range of
specialized departments as well as numerous cours
within such departments. The small college, therefore, 5.__________
generally provides a limited number of cours
and specializations but offers a better student-faculty
ratio, thus permitting individualized attention to students.
6 Music the Johnny has learned to appreciate as
