usually heated slowly to a temperature below the transforma-tion range,but sometimes above or within it,and is then cooled slowly.
3.1.1.2continuous annealing—involves heating the strip in continuous strands through a furnace having a controlled atmosphere followed by a controlled cooling.
3.1.2carbon steel—the designation for steel when no mini-mum content is specified or required for aluminum,chromium, cobalt,columbium,molybdenum,nickel,titanium,tungsten, vanadium,zirconium or any other element added to obtain a desired alloying effect;when the specified minimum for copper does not exceed0.40%or when the maximum content specified for any of the following elements does not exceed the percentage noted:mangane1.65,silicon0.60,or copper 0.60.
3.1.2.1Discussion—In all carbon steels small quantities of certain residual elements unavoidably retained from raw ma-terials are sometimes found which are not specified or required, such as copper,
nickel,molybdenum,chromium,etc.The elements are considered as incidental and are not normally reported.
3.1.3cold reduction—the process of reducing the thickness of the strip at room temperature.The amount of reduction is greater than that ud in skin-rolling(e3.1.7).
3.1.4dead soft—the temper of strip produced without definite control of stretcher straining orfluting.It is intended for deep drawing applications where such surface disturbances are not objectionable.
3.1.5finish—the degree of smoothness or luster of the strip. The production of specificfinishes requires special preparation and control of the roll surfaces employed.
3.1.6normalizing—heating to a suitable temperature above the transformation range and then cooling in air to a tempera-ture substantially below the transformation range.In bright normalizing the furnace atmosphere is controlled to prevent oxidizing of the strip surface.
3.1.7skin-rolled—a term denoting a relatively light cold rolling operation following annealing.It rves to reduce the tendency of the steel toflute or stretcher strain during fabrica-tion.It is also ud to impart surfacefinish,or affect hardness or other mechanical properties,or to improveflatness.
3.1.8temper—a designation by number to indicate the hardness as a minimum,as a maximum,or as a range.The tempers are obtained by the lection and control of chemical composition,by amounts of cold reduction,by thermal treat-ment,and by skin-rolling.
4.Ordering Information
4.1Orders for material to this specification shall include the following information,as necessary,to describe adequately the desired product:
4.1.1Quantity,
4.1.2Name of material(cold-rolled carbon steel strip), 4.1.3Condition(oiled or not oiled),
4.1.4Temper(Section7),
4.1.5Edge(Section8),
4.1.6Dimensions(Section9),
4.1.7Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance(Section10), 4.1.8Coil size requirements(1
5.3),
4.1.9ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.10Copper-bearing steel,if required,
4.1.11Application(part identification or description),
4.1.12Cast or heat analysis(request,if required),and
4.1.13Special requirements,if required.
N OTE2—A typical ordering description is as follows:20000lb Cold-Rolled Strip,Oiled,Temper4,Edge3,Finish3,0.035by9in.by coil,5000lb max,16-in.ID ASTM A109-XX,for Toaster Shells.
5.Materials and Manufacture
5.1The steel shall be made by the open-hearth,basic-oxygen,or electric-furnace process.
5.2Cold-rolled carbon steel strip is normally manufactured from continuously cast steel with aluminu
m ud as the deoxidizer.However,some applications are specified as silicon killed.Ingot cast rimmed,capped and mi-killed steels are subject to limited availability.
5.3Cold-rolled carbon steel strip is manufactured from hot-rolled descaled coils by cold reducing to the desired thickness on a single stand mill or on a tandem mill consisting of veral single stands in ries.Sometimes an anneal is ud at some intermediate thickness to facilitate further cold reduc-tion or to obtain desired temper and mechanical properties in thefinished strip.An anneal and skin pass is typically ud as thefinal step for Temper4and5.
6.Chemical Composition
6.1Heat Analysis—An analysis for each heat of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentage of elements shown in Table1.This analysis shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.When requested,heat analysis shall be reported to purchar or his reprentative.
6.2Product,Check,or Verification Analysis may be made by the purchar on thefinished material.
6.2.1Capped or rimmed steels are not technologically suited to product analysis due to the nonunifor
m character of their chemical composition and therefore,the tolerances in Table2do not apply.Product analysis is appropriate on the types of steel only when misapplication is apparent or for copper when copper steel is specified.
ershen
TABLE1Heat Analysis A
Composition–Wt%
Element
Temper No.
1,2,3
Temper No.
4,5
Carbon,max.0.250.15 Mangane,max.0900.90 Phosphorous,max.0.0250.025 Sulfur,max.0.0250.025 Aluminum C,...... Copper,when copper steel is
specified,min
0.200.20
A Incidental Elements-In all carbon steels small quantities of certain residual elements unavoidably retained from raw materials are sometimes found,which are not specified or required,such as copper,nickel,molybdenum,chromium,etc. The elements are considered as incidental and are not normally determined or reported.
B The analysis shall be reported.
C The analysis shall be reported.When killed steel is specified and aluminum is the deoxidizing element,the minimum is0.02,and the analysis shall be
reported.
6.2.2For steels other than rimmed or capped,when product analysis is made by the purchar,the ch
emical analysis shall not vary from the limits specified by more than the amounts in Table2.The veral determinations of any element shall not vary both above and below the specified range.
6.3For referee purpos,if required,Test Methods,Prac-tices,and Terminology A751shall be ud.
6.4For applications where cold-rolled strip is to be welded, care must be exercid in lection of chemical composition,as well as mechanical properties,for compatibility with the welding process and its effect on altering the properties.
7.Temper and Bend Test Requirement
7.1Cold-rolled carbon strip specified to temper numbers shall conform to the Rock-well hardness requirements shown in Table3.
7.1.1When a temper number is not specified,rockwell hardness requirements are established by agreement.
7.2It is recommended that hardness values be specified in the same scale as that which will be ud in testing the strip.
7.3Bend tests shall be conducted at room temperature and test specimens shall be capable of being bent to the require-ments shown in Table4.
7.4All mechanical tests are to be conducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
8.Edge
8.1The desired edge number shall be specified as follows: 8.1.1Number1Edge is a prepared edge of a specified contour(round or square),which is produced when a very accurate width is required or when an edge condition suitable for electroplating is required,or both.
8.1.2Number2Edge is a natural mill edge carried through the cold rolling from the hot-rolled strip without additional processing of the edge.
8.1.3Number3Edge is an approximately square edge, produced by slitting,on which the burr is not eliminated. Normal coiling or piling does not necessarily provide a definite positioning of the slitting burr.
8.1.4Number4Edge is a rounded edge produced by edge rolling either the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge strip.This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge condition are not as
exacting as for No.1edge.
8.1.5Number5Edge is an approximately square edge produced from slit-edge material on which the burr is elimi-nated usually by rolling orfiling.
8.1.6Number6Edge is a square edge produced by edge rolling the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge strip.This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge condition are not as exacting as for No.1edge.
TABLE2Tolerances for Product Analysis
Element Limit or Maximum
of Specified Ele-
ment%
Tolerance
Under
Minimum
Limit
Over
Maxi-
mum
Limit
Carbon to0.15,incl
over0.15to0.25,incl 0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
Mangane to0.60,incl0.030.0.0.01
TABLE3Hardness Requirements
INCH-POUND UNITS
Temper
Thickness,in.Rockwell Hardness
Under Through Minimum
Maximum
(approx.) No.1(hard)
0.
0.0700.
0.3000.
No.2A(half-hard)5T83.515T88.5
0.0400.02530T63.530T73.5
0.3000.040B70.0B85
No.3A(quarter-hard)15T8015T85
0.0400.02530T56.530T67
0.3000.040B60B75
No.4A,B(skin-rolled)15T82
0.30T60
0.B65
No.5A,B(dead-soft)15T78.5
0.30T53
0.B55
SI UNITS
Thickness,mm Rockwell Hardness
Temper
Under Through Minimum
三角形边的关系Maximun
(approx.) No.1(hard)
1.
1.8 1.
7.6 1.
No.2A(half-hard)15T83.515T88.5
1.00.630T63.530T73.5
7.6 1.0B70.0B85
No.3A(quarter-hard)15T8015T85
1.00.630T5630T67
7.6 1.0B60B75
No.4A,B(skin-rolled)15T82
1.30T60
7.6 B65
No.5A,B(dead-soft)15T78.5
1.30T53
7.6 B55
A Rockwell hardness values apply at time of shipment.Aging may cau slightly higher values when tested at a later
date.
B Where No.4and5tempers are ordered with a carbon range of0.15to0.25%, the maximum hardness requirement is established by agreement.
TABLE4Bend Test Requirementunlovable
N OTE1—Test specimens shall be capable of being bent as specified above without cracking on the outside of the bent portion.(See applicable figure in Test Methods and Definitions A370.)
Temper Bend Test Requirement
No.1(hard)Not required to make bends in any direction.
No.2(half-hard)Bend90°transver around a radius equal to that
of the thickness.
No.3(quarter-hard)Bend180°transver over one thickness of the
strip and90°longitudinal around a radius equal
to the thickness.
No.4(skin-rolled)Bendflat upon itlf in any direction.
No.5(dead-soft)Bendflat upon itlf in any direction.
8.1.7Skived Edges are custom shaped edges produced by
mechanical edge shaving with special tooling.
9.Dimensional Tolerances
9.1The dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with
Tables 5-11as follows:
Tolerances for Table Number
Thickness,in.5
Width,in.6,7,8
Length,in.9
Camber,in.10
Flatness,in.11
10.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance
10.1Cut lengths shall have a workmanlike appearance and
shall not have imperfections of a nature or degree for the
product,the grade,and the description ordered that will be
detrimental to the fabrication of the finished part.
10.2Coils may contain some abnormal imperfections which
render a portion of the coil unusable since the inspection of
coils does not afford opportunity to remove portions containing
imperfections as in the ca with cut lengths.
10.3The finish is specified normally as one of the follow-
ing:
蜜蜂的英文10.3.1Number 1or Matte (Dull)Finish is a finish without
luster,produced by rolling on rolls roughened by mechanical or
other means.This finish is especially suitable for lacquer or paint adhesion,and is beneficial in aiding drawing operations by reducing the contact friction between the die and the strip.
TABLE 5Thickness Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel
Strip A ,B
Cold Rolled Carbon Strip Steel Including High Carbon Strip Steel
Inch-Pound Units (in.)
Thickness Tolerances (Plus or Minus,in.)
Nominal Gage (in.)Over 1⁄2to
less than 12wide 12to less than 18
18to 2315⁄16
0.251-0.3000.00300.00350.0040
0.160-0.2500.00250.00320.0036
0.125-0.15990.00220.00280.0032
0.070-0.12490.00180.00220.0028
0.040-0.06990.00140.00180.0024
0.030-0.03990.00120.00150.0020
0.020-0..02990.00100.00130.0015
0.015-0.01990.00080.00100.0012
施工管理流程0.010-0.01490.00050.00080.0010
<.0100.00030.00060.0008
SI Units (mm)
Thickness Tolerances (Plus and Minus,mm)
Nominal Gage (mm)Over 12.7to
less than 300300to less
than 450450to 600
6.40-
7.500.0800.0900.100
4.00-6.390.0650.0800.090
3.20-3.990.0550.0700.080
1.80-3.190.0450.0550.070
1.00-1.790.0350.0450.060
0.75-0.990.0300.0300.050
0.50-0.740.0250.0350.040
0.38-0.490.0200.0250.030
0.25-0.370.0130.0200.025
<0.250.0070.0150.020
怎么样学做生意
A Measured 3⁄ more in from edge;and on narrower than 1in.,at any place
between edges.
B Measured 10mm or more in from edge;and on narrower than 25mm,at any
bitch意思
place between edges.TABLE 6Width Tolerances of Edge Numbers 1,4,5,and 6of Cold-Rolled Carbon-Steel Strip INCH -POUND UNITS Edge Number Specified Width,in.A Specified Thickness,in.B Width Tolerance,Plus and Minus,in.C Over Through min max 11⁄23⁄4...0.09380.00513⁄45...0.1250.00541⁄210.0250.18750.0154120.0250.24990.0254240.0350.24990.0474460.0470.24990.04751⁄23⁄4...0.09380.00553⁄45...0.1250.0055590.0080.1250.01059200.0150.1050.010*******⁄160.0230.0800.0156|n$10.0250.18750.0156120.0250.24990.0256240.0350.24990.0476460.0470.24990.047SI UNITS Edge No.Specified Width,mm A Specific Thickness,mm B Width Tolerance,Plus and Minus,in.C Over Through min max 3.250.6 5.00.38425500.6 6.00.65450150 1.0 6.0 3.00.1351005000.4 3.00.2555006000.6 2.250.6 5.00.38625500.6 6.00.65650150 1.0 6.0 1.20A Specified width must be within ranges stated for specified edge number.B Specified thickness must be within ranges stated for specified width.C When edge,width and thickness are not defined by this table,tolerances are by agreement between producer and supplier.TABLE 7Width Tolerances of Edge Number 2of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip INCH -POUND UNITS Specified Width,in.Width Tolerance,Plus and Minus,in.Over Through 1⁄221⁄32253⁄645105⁄6410
153⁄3215201⁄8202315⁄165⁄32SI UNITS Specified Width,mm Width Tolerance,mm Over Through Plus and Minus 12.5500.850100 1.2100200 1.6200400 2.5400500 3.0500600
4.0
10.3.2Number 2or Regular Bright Finish is a consistently smooth finish produced on rolls having moderately smooth finish.An above average surface with better brightness and lower R a values,sometimes referred to as No.21⁄2finish,is suitable for some bright plating applications.10.3.3Number 3or Best Bright Finish is generally of high luster produced by lective rolling practices,including the u of specially prepared rolls.Number 3finish is the highest quality finish commonly produced and is particularly suited for bright plating.The production of this finish requires extreme care in processing and extensive inspection.11.Inspection 11.1When purchar’s order stipulates that inspection and tests (except product analysis)for acceptance on the steel be made prior to shipment from the mill,the manufacturer shall afford the purchar’s inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the steel is being manufactured and furnished in accordance with the specification.Mill inspection by the purchar shall not interfere unnecessarily with the manufac-turer’s operation.All tests and inspection (except product analysis)shall be made at the place of manufacture unless otherwi agreed.12.Rejection and Rehearing 12.1Unless otherwi sp
ecified,any rejection shall be
reported to the producer within a reasonable time after receipt of material by the purchar.12.2Material that is reported to be defective subquent to the acceptance at the purchar’s works shall be t aside,adequately protected,and correctly identified.The producer shall be notified as soon as possible so that an investigation may be initiated.12.3Samples that are reprentative of the rejected material shall be made available to the producer.In the event that the producer is dissatisfied with the rejection,he may request a rehearing.
13.Test Reports and Certification
13.1When test reports are required by the purchar,the
supplier shall report the results of all tests required by this
specification and any additional tests required by this specifi-
cation and/or the purcha order.
13.2When certification is required by the purcha order,
the supplier shall furnish a certification that the material has
been manufactured and tested in accordance with the require-
ments of this specification.
13.3A signature is not required on test reports.However,
the document shall clearly identify the organization submitting
the document.Notwithstanding the abnce of a signature,the
organization submitting the document is responsible for the
content of the document.
13.4When test reports are required,it is acceptable for the
supplier to report test data from the original manufacturer,
provided such data is not rendered invalid by the stripmaking
process.
13.5A Material Test Report,Certificate of Inspection,or
similar document printed from or ud in electronic form from
an electronic data interchange (EDI)transmission shall be
regarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in
the certifier’s facility.The content of the EDI transmitted
downsyndrome
document must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM
standard(s)and conform to any existing EDI agreement be-
tween the purchar and the supplier.Notwithstanding the
abnce of a signature,the organization submitting the EDI TABLE 8Width Tolerances for Edge Number 3(Slit),Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip
INCH-POUND UNITS Specified Thickness,in.
Width Tolerance,Plus and Minus,in.For Specified Width,in.A Over
Through Over |n$Through 6Over 6Through 9Over 9Through 12Over 12Through 20Over 20Through 2315⁄16...
0.0160.0050.0050.0100.0160.0200.016
0.0680.0050.0050.0100.0160.0200.068
0.0990.0080.0100.0100.0160.0200.099
0.1600.0100.0160.0160.0200.0200.160
0.3000.0160.0200.0200.0310.031S.I.UNITS Specified
高口官网Thickness mm
Width Tolerance,Plus and Minus,mm For Specified Width,mm A Over
Through Through 100Over 100Through 200Over 200Through 300Over 300Through 400Over
1.50.130.130.250.400.501.5
2.50.200.250.250.400.502.5
4.50.250.400.400.500.504.5
7.50.400.500.500.800.80A Width is measured from the shear surface of the slit edge and not from the break.
TABLE 9Length Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip
INCH-POUND UNITS Specified Width,
in.
Length Tolerance,Plus Only,in.for Specified Length,in.Over
Through From 24Through 60Over 60Through 120Over 120Through 2401⁄
212
1⁄41⁄23⁄4122315⁄16
1⁄23⁄41SI UNITS Specified Width,
mm
Length Tolerance,Plus Only,mm for Specified Length,mm Over
Through From 600Through 1500Over 1500Through
3001015253006001520
25
transmission is responsible for the context of the report.N OTE 3—The industry definition as invokved here is:EDI is the computer to computer exchange of business information in an agreed upon standard format such as ANSI ASC X12.
14.Product Marking
14.1As a minimum requirement,the material shall be identified by having the manufacturer’s name,ASTM designa-tion,weight,purchar’s order number,and material identifi-cation legibly stenciled on the top of each lift or shown on a tag attached to the coils or shipping units.14.2Bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identifi-cation method.Bar coding should be consistent with the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG)standard prepared by the primary metals subcommittee of the AIAG bar code project team.15.Packaging and Package Marking 15.1Unless otherwi specified,the strip shall be packed and loaded in accordance with Practices A 700.15.2When specified in the contract or order,and for direct procurement by or direct shipment to the government when Level A is specified,prervation,packaging,and packing shall be in accordance with the Level A requirements of MIL-STD-163.15.3When coils are ordered it is customary to specify a minimum or range of inside diameter,maximum outside diameter,and a maximum coil weight,if required.The ability of manufacturers to meet the maximum coil weights depends upon individual mill equipment.When required,minimum coil weights are subject to negotiation.16.Keywords 16.1carbon steel,strip;cold rolled steel strip;steel strip TABLE 10Camber Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip
INCH-POUND UNITS
Note 1—Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a straight line,the measurement being taken on the concave side with a straight edge.Note 2—Camber tolerances as shown in the table are for any 8ft.of length.For strip length under 8ft.,camber tolerance shall be subject to negotiation.Note 3—When the camber tolerances shown in Table 10are suitable for a particular purpo,cold-rolled strip is sometimes machine
straightened.W 5Width of strip,in.
C 5Camber,in.
Specified Width,in.
Camber Tolerance,in.
四级成绩多少分过Over Through 1⁄211⁄21⁄2
11⁄22315⁄161⁄4
SI UNITS
Note 1—Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a straight line,the measurement being taken on the concave side with a straight edge.Note 2—Camber tolerances as shown in the table are for any 2000mm length.For strip length under 2000mm,camber tolerance shall be subject to negotiation.
Note 3—When the camber tolerances shown in Table 10are suitable for a particular purpo,cold-rolled strip is sometimes machine
straightened.W 5Width of strip,mm
C 5Camber,mm
Width,in.Standard Camber Tolerance,
mm
Over Through (5010)
506005
TABLE 11Flatness Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip It has not been practical to formulate flatness tolerances for cold-rolled carbon steel strip to reprent the wide range of widths and thickness and variety of tempers
produced.
