二语习得定义题
owenscorningIV. Explain the following terms（整理成简答或填空）
1. Ferdinand de Saussure
2. Textual function
3. The London School of Linguistics
4. Surface structure
5. Transformational-Generative grammar
6. Language Acquisition Device(LAD)
7. Innateness hypothesis
2011江苏高考英语
英语读音器III. Explain the following terms.
1. Applied linguistics
2. Interlanguage
3. Contrastive analysis
4. face validity
5. Error Analysis
1. Define the following terms briefly.
first language acquisition: behaviorist approach innateness approach
cond language acquisition: contrastive analysis: error analysis
language aptitude: field dependence field independence
包括但不限于learning strategies
IV. Explain the following terms.
1. Interlanguage
2. Universal Grammar
jsm3. contrastive analysis
4. Error Analysis
1. Define the following terms briefly..
applied linguistics grammar-translation method audiolingual method communicative language teaching testing achievement test validity reliability proficiency test subjective test objective test language aptitude test diagnostic test backwash effect
II. Explain the following terms.
1. applied linguistics
special怎么读2. the audiolingual method of language teaching
3. the direct method of language teaching
IV. Explain the following terms.
itz
1. Ferdinand de Saussure is a Swiss linguist who is often described as “father of modern linguistics”. The great work, Cour in General Linguistics, which was bad on his lecture notes, marked the beginning of modern linguistics. Saussure’s idea on the arbitrary nature of sign, one the relational nature of linguistic units, on the distinction of langue and parole and of synchronic and diachronic linguistics, etc. pushed linguistics into a brand new stage.
2. Textual function: The textual function is one of the three meta-functions language is compod of. It refers to the fact that language has mechanisms to make any stretch of spoken or written
discour into a coherent and unified text and make a living message different from a random list of ntences.
easy going
decrea3. The London School generally refers to the kind of linguistic scholarship in England. Th
e man who turned linguistics proper into a recognized distinct academic subject in Britain was J.R. Firth.
4. Surface structure: It is a term ud in generative grammar to refer to the final stage in the syntactic reprentation of a ntence, which provides the input to the phonological component of the grammar, and which thus most cloly corresponds to the structure we articulate and hear. For instance, “John is easy to plea.” and “John is eager to plea.” are two ntences with the same surface structure.
5. Transformational-generative grammar is propod by Noam Chomsky. He postulated a
syntactic ba of language (called deep structure), which consists of a ries of phra-structure rewrite rules, i.e., a ries of (possibly universal) rules that generates the underlying phra-structure of a ntence. The end result of a transformational-generative grammar is a surface structure that is identical to an actual ntence of a language, after the mediating of a ries of rules (called transformations) that act upon the deep structures.
6. Language Acquisition Device: LAD refers to an innate faculty of language in general with which children are born. It is posited by Chomsky, who argues that LAD probably consists of three elements: a hypothesis-maker, linguistic universal, and an evaluation procedure.
7. The “Innateness Hypothesis” of child langua ge acquisition was propod by Noam Chomsky, who states that language are somewhat innate and that children are born with what he calls a language acquisition device, which is a unique kind of knowledge that fits them for language learning.
III. Explain the following terms.
1. Applied linguistics: It is a branch of linguistics which studies the application of linguistics in reality. For example, there are studies on multilingualism, language acquisition, first and cond language teaching and learning.
2. It refers to the type of language constructed by cond or foreign language learners wh英语四级多少分才算过
o are still in the process of learning a language. It’s a language system between the target language and the learner’s native language, and imperfect compared with the target language, but not mere translation from the learner’s native language. For example, when the Chine student is learning English, he may make errors like “to touch the society”.
3. Contrastive analysis is an approach to analysis of cond language acquisition, bad on a belief that a more effective teaching pedagogy would come out when the similarities and differences between native language and target language are taken into consideration. By such an analysis, it is suppod that some leaning difficulties could be predicted in terms of language transfer.
