八年级英语上冠词详解
冠词不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词"a,an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词"(/)"三种。
这三种冠词主要围绕“泛指”、“特指”与“类指”展开。
1. "a和an"的用法
1). 用于可数名词的单数形式之前,表示"一"
There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。
A hundred and more people attended this meeting. 100多人参加了这次会议。
2). 表示一类人或事物
A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。
3). 表示"某一个"的意思
A gentleman wants to e you. 有一位先生要见你。
4). 表示"同一"的意思
They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。
The two shirts are much of a size. 这两件衬衫大小差不多。
5). 表示"每一"的意思
We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。
polis
6). 用在作表语的单数可数名词前,表示身份、职业quiteafew
My mother is a teacher. 我妈妈是教师。
7). 第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个
Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.
很久很久以前,有一个年老的国王,他有一个非常美丽的女儿。
8). 在英国英语中,以"h"开头的多音节词,如第一个音节不重读,其前亦可用"an"
He plays soccer for an hour. 他踢一个小时足球。
9). 在感叹句的句式中
What a pretty girl she is! 她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀!
用在某些表示数量的词组中:
a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多
a dozen 一打(但也可以用one dozen) a great deal of 大量
10).用语习惯用语中
all of a sudden 突然as a result 结果 a little 一点;一些 a bit 一点
a great many=a very large number of 许多;大量 a great ) 许多 a )许多have-
a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴pay a visit 拜访
2. the的用法
1). 用以特指某(些)人或某(些)事物
This is the hou where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
mtr2). 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物
Open the door, plea. 请把门打开。
3). 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到用“the”)
Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him.
从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。
4). 用在序数词和形容词最高级前
January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来最后一个离开。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。
5). 表示地球、宇宙等独一无二的事物
the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 地球the sky 天空the world 世界
6). 指由普通名词构成的专有名词
the West Lake 西湖the Great Wall 长城the United States 美国the United Nations 联合国the Browns 布朗一家the English 英国人the WTO 世界贸易组织
swing是什么7). 表示地点、方位、时间
用于表示地点、方位,具体的时间或某天的一部分等。
omg视频in the east 在东方in the west 在西方in the front 在前面at the back 在后面
in the bottom 在底部at the top 在顶部on the right 在右边on the left 在左边
8). 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋the Huanghe River 黄河
the Tianshan Mountains 天山山脉the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡
9). 在姓氏复数前,表示一家人
The Bakers came to e me yesterday. 贝克一家人昨天来看我。
10). 和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表一类人或物
the poor 穷人the rich 富人the sick 病人the wounded 伤员
the good 好人the beautiful 美丽的事物
11). 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前
the working class 工人阶级the Chine Communist Party 中国共产党
12).用于西洋乐器前(民族乐器前不加)
play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴
妈妈的英文*中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:play erhu(二胡)
the+n{发明物} 必须是单数who invented the telephone?
13). 某些固定的表达法
in the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上
go to the cinema 去看电影all the year round 一年到头on the way to 前往...去的路上
14). the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物
The hor is a uful animal.马是一种有用的动物。
注意:像这类句子还有如下两种写法
A hor is a uful animal.
Hors are uful animals.
15).在句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中要用the
take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的手臂hit sb. in the face 打某人的脸be red in the face 脸红be lame in the right leg 右腿瘸等结构中,名词前要用the
16) 用在世纪或逢十{1990}的复数名词前
in the18th century 在18世纪in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
17) 用于报刊杂志会议条义历史时期朝代的名词前
the Xian incident 西安事变
18) 多与民族国籍的形容词连用
the chine are brave hard-working people 中国人是勤劳和勇敢的人
3.零冠词的用法
1). 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前一般不加冠词(在特指时加冠词)
(/)China 中国(/)Europe 欧洲(/)Money 金钱(/)Music 音乐
(/)Lei Feng 雷锋(/)William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚
2). 月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词(在特指时加冠词)
(/)January 一月份(/)Sunday 星期日(/)Christmas Day 圣诞节(/)Thanksgiving 感恩节
(/)National Day 国庆节(/)May Day 劳动节
比较:...on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨... (表示某一个。)
注:民族节日前要加the 如:the Spring Festival
nudist
3). 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词
I have (/)lunch at (/)school. 我在学校吃午餐。
(/)Summer is the best ason for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。
比较:I had a big lunch yesterday. 昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。(表示某一个)
The dinner given by Mr Smith was very nice. 史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。(表示特指)比较:I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.
我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。(表示特指)
4). 进行球类运动
play (/) basketball 打篮球play (/) volleyball 打排球play (/) football 踢足球
5). 没有特指的物质名词
This cart is made of (/) wood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。
比较:The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。(表示特指)
6). 没有特指的不可数抽象名词
(/) Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。
比较:The time of the play was 1990s. 这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。(表示特指)7). 没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。
I like (/) tomatoes. 我喜欢西红柿。
8). 山峰(/) Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰
9). 指职位、头衔的词,如king,captain,president,chairman ,leader等。
kanto
He is (/或the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。
As (/或the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open.
作为委员会主席,我宣布会议开始。
比较:The Captain of Morritius (荷兰殖民时期)毛里求斯首长
冠词和三餐的搭配
三餐名词单独使用时,之前通常不加冠词
三餐名词之前若加形容词时则除外:
We have (/) breakfast at eight.我们8点钟吃早饭。
He gave us a good breakfast.他请我们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。
识记与比较
At table 在进餐at the table 在桌子旁边at desk 在读书at the desk 在课桌旁at school 在上学at the school 在学校里in class 在上课in the class 在班级里面in bed 卧床in the bed 在床上in prison 坐牢in the prison (因事)在监狱in hospital 住院in the hospital (因事)在医院
go to school 去上学go to the school (因事)去学校
go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed (因事)在床上
go to hospital 去看病go to the hospital (因事)去医院
out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 完全不可能
通常使用不定冠词的短语
all of a sudden 突然as a result 结果,因此in a hurry 急忙in a way 在某种程度上in a word 总而言之It’s a pity that… 令人遗憾的是… come to an end 结束
come to a conclusion 得出结论have a good time 玩得愉快have a rest 休息一下have a cold 感冒have a word with 和…谈一谈make a living 谋生
make a fire 生火make a fool of 愚弄take a walk 散步
1. -- By the way, have you got ______ e-mail address? -- Oh, yes, it is swimonland @
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
2.-- Mike,could you come and give me hand? -- OK,Mum. I'm coming now.
A. a
B. an C the .D 不填
3. —How many ________ can you e in the following pictures? —Three.
A. boy
B. animals
C. bread
D. building
4. Timmy goes to school ________ every day. It's 5 minutes' walk from his home to school.
A. in a bus
B. by plane
C. on foot
D. by boat
5. Everything is ________ at night markets. You don't need a lot of money to have a good time.
A. cheap
B. bad
C. tired
D. dear
wft什么意思
6. —Excu me, ________ is the nearest bookshop?
—Go down the street and turn left at the cond corner.
A. how
B. what
C. where
D. who
7. The sign tells us ________.
A. NO SMOKING
B. NO PARKING
C. NO PHOTOS
D. NO FOOD
8. —Can you play football? —Yes, I can, ________ I can't play it very well.
A. or
B. and
C. so
D. but
9. Last month, students had to have their lessons by internet ________ becau of SARS.
A. on the playground
B. at home
佛山cad培训
C. in the street
D. near the hospital
10. It is ________ today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon?
A .the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter
11. Listen! Some of the girls ________ about Harry Potter. Let's join them!
A. are talking
B. talk
C. will talk
D. talked
12. ________ Chine are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics.
A. Thousand
B. Thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Thousands of
13. Our teacher, Miss Chen, ________ English on the radio the day before yesterday.
A. teaches
B. taught
C. will teach
D. had taught
14. Do you know ________ during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do
B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do
D. what Tom did
15. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ________ new words in it.
A. a little
B. little
C. a few
D. few
16. I don't think I ________ you in that dress before.
A. have en
B. was eing
C. saw
D. e
17. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures ________ a camera.
A. as
B. for
C. like
D. of
18. —You want ________ sandwich?
—Yes, I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.
A. other
B. another
C. others
D. the other
19. —Don't you think you should paint the wall?—Who would ________?
A. e
B. look
C. watch
D. notice
20. —I forgot to bring my notebook. —________. You can borrow some paper from me.
A. Help yourlf
B. I'm sorry
C. No problem
D. So careless