构词法练习测试及其参考答案

更新时间:2023-05-29 11:53:56 阅读：评论：0

高考能力测试构词法WordFormation

一．合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。3.由两个分开的词构成。

(1)合成adj

方式	例词
1adj＋adj	red-hot
2adj＋n	first-class,full-time,part-time
3adj＋现在分词	good-looking,free-thinking,
4adj＋过去分词	ready-made
5adj＋n-ed	good-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded
6n＋n-ed	iron-willed
7n＋adj	world-famous,day-long
8n＋现在分词	beauty-loving,freedom-loving,job-hunting,
9n＋过去分词	man-made,water-covered,
10adv＋adj	ever-green
11adv＋现在分词	hard-working,far-eing
12adv＋过去分词	well-prepared,quickly-cured,well-known
13num＋n	five-year
14num＋n+adj	five-year-old
15num＋过去分词	four-legged,six-storied

(2)合成动词

(3)合成n

构成方式	例词
1n＋n	horback,bank-note, newspaper,cellphone,
2adj＋n	back-yard,forehead,
3动名词＋n	hidingplace,reading-room
4v＋adv	get-off,breakin,
5adv＋v	output,overflow

(4)合成advhowever,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever

(5)合成代词whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,mylf,something,anything,（6）合成介词inside在……里

	香港服装设计学院后缀	例词
形容词	-al	central,industrial,national,natural
	-an	European,American,Australian
	-ern	eastern,northern,southern
	-able 英语培训班品牌加盟	reasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable,forgettable,nsibleoutlines
	-ful	careful,cheerful,grateful,faithful,
	-ish	childish,Swedish,lfish
	-ive	destructive,collective,active,creative,effective
	-y	thirsty,dirty,windy,sunny,cloudy,healthy,funny
	-less	careless,hopeless,helpless,homeless,sleepless,fearless,limitless
	-en	golden,wooden,woolen ample
	-ous	courageous,famous,continuous,rious,various
	-ary	imaginary,revolutionary,condary
	-ic	realistic,historic,poetic
	-some	troublesome,burdensome,lonesome,handsome
	-like	childlike,womanlike,manlike
	-ant	ignorant,significant,obrvant,important
	-ent	diligent,silent,excellent,frequent
	-ly	bernanke lively,friendly,lovely,weekly,brotherly,motherly
	-ish	childish,foolish

二、派生Derivation

马来西亚留学费用

前缀	含义	例词
a-	处在……	ari,aside,alone
en-	使可能	enrich,enable,enslave
dis-	不，否定	dissatisfy,dishonest,disappear,disorder,disagree
un-	如何面试不，做相反动作	unable,unknown,uncommon,uncomfortable,unfair, unclo,undress,uncover,untie
in- im- ir- il-	不，非	inactive,incapable,inpatient,incorrect impossible,impersonal,impolite,immature,impractical irregular,irresponsible illogical,
non-	不，非	non-existent,non-interference,non-conductor,non-stop
de-	向相反方向发展	decentralizecoopers（分散）,defrost（解冻）
anti-	反（对）	anti-freeze,anti-fascist
mis-	错误的，坏的	misdoings,misunderstand,misfortune
re	重复，再	rewrite,remarry,reunite,recycle,
co-	共同	co-exist,co-operate,co-education
ex	以前的	ex-husband,ex-president
tele	远程	telephone,telegraph,telescope
super-	在上面，超级	supermarket,superpower,
under-	在……之下	underline,underestimate,underground,
inter-	相互，之间	international,interact,inter-change
sub-	下，次	subtitle,submarine,subconscious,subcontinent,
trans-	国家精品在线开放课程过，穿过，变	transformation(变形),translate
vice-	副	vice-premier,vice-president

mi-	半	mifinal,micircle,mi-automatic
bi	两个	bicycle,biennial两年一次的
tri	三个	triangle三角形,tricycle三轮脚踏车,triplets三胞胎
mul-	多，多种	multiply,multi-national,multi-coloured
kilo-	ladder千	kilometre,kilogram

	后缀	例词
动词	-ize	realize,modernize,mechanize,criticize,
	-en	widen,strengthen,lengthen,sharpen,widen,shorten,quicken,deepen
	-fy	Simplify,beautify,terrify,

	后缀	例词
副词	-ward(s)	forward,northward,backward,downward
副词	-ly	slowly,quickly,carefully,loudly,happily,friendly

三、转化Conversion:指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。

1.名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话—打电话,mirror镜子—像镜子一样反映,drink喝—饮料,record录音—记录,name,date,hand,study,

2.形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善3.名词转化为形容词(副词)front前面——前面的

4.形容词转化为名词chief主要的——首领

训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。

如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

1.Thatmanwas________enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessDcarelessness

2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death

3.Thechildlooked_______athisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB.sadnessC.sadlyD.sad

4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima________.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemisD.physician

5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged

6.Stephensonbecamethe________railwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadership

7.Whentheteacherpraidhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem，Jacklooked_______aboutathisclassmates.

A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridely

8.Toeveryone’s________,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction

9.—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh，myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish.

—Youcanwrite_______passageinEnglish?A.600words；a600-words　B.600-word；a600-words

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标签：构词法转化形容词学习相反构成脚踏车学生

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