湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三下学期月考
（七）英语试题
cissy一、阅读理解
1. What Is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is a large language model chatbot developed by OpenAI bad on GPT=3.
5 (Click to learn more). It has a remarkable ability to interact in a conversational dialogue form and provide respons that can appear surprisingly human. Large language models perform the task of predicting the next word in a ries of words.
Is ChatGPT Free To U?
The u of ChatGPT is currently free during the “rearch preview” time. The chatbot is currently open for urs to try out and provide feedback on the respons so that the AI can become better at answering questions and to learn from its mistakes. However, ChatGPT is envisioned as a tool that the public will eventually have to pay to u.
How Can ChatGPT Be Ud?
ChatGPT can write code, poems, songs, and even short stories in the style of a specific author. The experti in following directions elevates ChatGPT from an information source to a tool that can be asked to accomplish a task. This makes it uful for writing an essay on virtually any topic. ChatGPT can function as a tool for generating outlines for articles or even entire novels. It will provide a respon for virtually any task that can be answered with written text.
Limitations
●ChatGPT sometimes writes plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonnsical answers. Fixing this issue is challenging, as: (1) during RL training, there’s cur rently no source of truth; (2) training the model to be more cautious caus it to decline questions that it can answer correctly; and (3) supervid training misleads the model becau the ideal answer depends on what the model knows, rather than what the human demonstrator knows.
●ChatGPT is nsitive to tweaks (微调) to the input phrasing or attempting the same prompt multiple times. For example, given one phrasing of a question, the model can
claim to not know the answer, but given a slight rephra (重新措辞), it can answer correctly.
●While we’ve made efforts to make the model refu inappropriate requests, it will sometimes respond to harmful instructions or exhibit biad behavior. We’re using the Moderation API to warn or block certain types of unsafe content, but we expect it to have some fal negatives and positives for now. We’re eager to collect ur feedback to aid our ongoing work to improve this system.
1. Which of the following tasks can NOT be performed by ChatGPT?
A．Writing a poem. B．Drawing a painting.
C．Writing a song. D．Creating a short story in O. Henry’s style.
2. What can we know about ChatGPT?
A．It only gives true answers.
B．It is free of charge at the moment.
C．Its limitations are easy to overcome.
D．It can respond to harmful questions sometimes.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A website. B．A brochure. C．A leaflet. D．A novel.
2. As earthquakes struck a swath of Turkey and Syria on Monday morning, Jihan Bayram ran out of her hou in her pajamas to a parking lot in the Syrian city of Aleppo, where a crowd gathered.
Mothers warmed their babies in blankets in the freezing night air. “I thought we were going to die,” said Ms. Bayram, 33 years old, a teacher who lived in Aleppo through a decade of civil war. “Aleppo has suffered so much,” she said. “It’s like we are back in a deep crisis.”
Two powerful earthquakes and their aftershocks devastated a ction of battle-scarred northern Syria that was already suffering from war, a mass exodus of its people and a grinding (无休止的)economic crisis. Northern Syria houd millions of people displaced by the country’s long civil war, including nearly two million people living in makeshift camps, more than half of whom are children.
The quakes killed about 1,400 people in the Aleppo region and veral other areas of Syria, said the Syrian Civil Defen organization, known as the White Helmets, and the Health Ministry affiliated wit
h the government. Casualty figures were expected to ri, as many people were still missing and communications lines had been damaged in the earthquakes and many areas were out of reach for aid organizations and authorities.
The days leading up to the earthquake saw heavy rain and snow in northern Syria, which made residents there even more vulnerable to a natural disaster, said Madevi Sun-Suon, spokeswoman for the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in Turkey. “This spells disaster for an area that’s already suffered,” she said.
Warehous had been damaged and hospitals were overwhelmed? residents in Aleppo said. Citizens were gathering outside in parks, school playgrounds and in yards outside mosques(清真寺)and churches, which opened their doors to displaced families.
Even before the earthquakes, Syrians were struggling under the perhaps worst economic crisis since the civil war broke out more than a decade ago, marked by a collapsing currency, soaring prices and fuel shortages. Hospitals were running low on supplies. The U.N. said last month that 15 million of Syria’s 22 million p eople were in need of humanitarian aid.
1. What does the underlined word “exodus” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Emigrant. B．Innocence,
C．Immigrant. D．Commitment.
redis2. Which of the following is CORRECT about Syria?
pdpcA．The living cost was pretty low.
B．It was prosperous before the earthquakes.
C．The weather was fine before the earthquakes.goldilocks
D．Mosques and churches helped displaced families.
3. What is the function of paragraph 1?
A．Raising a problem for later solution.
B．A conclusion of the whole article.
london bridge is falling down
C．An introduction to the main topic.
D．The background information of the story.
4. What can we learn from paragraph 5?
A．Syria is a curd place.
B．Syrians don’t like rainy and snowy days.
conntC．International groups offered help to Syria.
D．The earthquake has deepened suffering of Syrians.
3. Boris Johnson has said extending the school day is “the right thing to do” and the government is examining how extra hours could be ud for additional tuition and activities. In his strongest commitment yet to imposing the extra hours, the prime minister also criticized the work of the former education recovery chief, Sir Kevan Collins, telling ministers that their catch-up schooling plan was not ambitious enough.
Collins once recommended spending about ￡ 15 bn on education recovery, including extending the school day by 30 minutes. Government officials said the plan was praiworthy in some aspects. But
they also suggested further cash for education catch-up at the autumn spending review, due to the objection that the plan already announced left much to be desired.
Speaking to the education committee chair, Robert Half on, Johnson said: “We’re looking at the evidence, and if Fm absolutely frank with you and the committee, to begin with some of the evidence that was as mbled was not as good as it could have been.” The evidence on lengthening the school day wasn’t as powerful as it was on tuition, for instance, but that doesn’t mean it’s not the right thing to do. I do think it’s the right thing to do. Question is how you do it. What sorts of activities do you need? Are they academic? As you rightly say, we’re doing a proper review of all of that to get the evidence that we want. Halfon said he was encouraged by the comments. “We need radical thinking and radical action to tackle the disaster which has befallen children in the last 18 months” he told the Guardian, “If the government is riously looking at a longer school day as the PM has suggested, that is encouraging.”
Teachers’ unions had warned that plans to extend schooling hours could backfire. Geoff Barton, the general cretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, said: ”We know that quality of teaching is more important than quantity. It will be vital that the proposals are properly resourced and don’t become an unsustainable burden on schools, leaders and teachers. And there will be man
y questions about exactly what the expectation will be over the content of longer school days.”
1. What did the government officials think of the plan already announced?
solexA．It was a good try but limited itlf.
B．It was well-designed but poorly conducted.
汽车卡通短片C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methods derved prai.
2. What is Robert Halfon’s attitude toward expanding the school day?
A．Favorable. B．Oppod.
C．Indifferent. D．Ambiguous.
3. Which of the following could be known from the passage?
A．The public has no expectation of the content of longer school days.
B．Quality of teaching should be attached more importance to than quantity.
莱斯大学
C．All the work of the former education recovery chief fails to gain affirmation. D．There are enough powerful evidences to confirm extending the school day is meaningful.
4. What does the text mainly intend to tell us?
A．Extending the school day is proved to be right to do.
B．All are pulling together to tackle the education problem.
C．Experts are investigating the ways to extend the school day.
D．There are both pros and cons to extending the school day.
santa claus4. At its annual general asmbly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, prented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealin g. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.
This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-reprented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their reprentation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization? s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.
Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increa diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising.
Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when eking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to.
Sadly, the measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are bad on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-reprented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are reprentatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diver pool of nominees increa the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.
1. What is the purpo of showing the data from the EGU?
A．To show the gender balance among its members.
B．To encourage females to nominate other females.
C．To reflect that women have been ignored in awards.
D．To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness.
