C/CHD自考英语论文型气动卡盘使用说明书
Instruction of Type C/CHD
Pneumatic Spider
江苏如东通用机械有限公司
JIANGSU RUDONG GENERAL MACHINERY CO .，LTD
一、 产品概述 Introduction of the product
C/CHD型气动卡盘主要用于石油、天然气修井作业中卡持钻杆、
油管。产品按API Spec 7K《钻修井设备规范》要求设计、制造。所有卡盘均可实现手动、气动或液动的操作，有效地减轻了工人的劳动强度，提高了工作效率。该气动卡盘结构合理，操作方便，安全可靠，是修井作业较为理想的工具。为了准确了解该气动卡盘的结构特征与用途，使用前请认真阅读使用说明书。
C/CHD pneumatic spider is mainly utilized in the petrochemical industry to lock and hold drill pipe and oil pipe for well pulling the petrol oil and natural gas wells. The products are designed and manufactured in accordance with API Spec 7K. All spiders can be either manually, or pneumatically or hydraulically operated to effectively mitigate the labor intensity and increa the work efficiency. With optimal construction, the pneumatic spider is operated in an easy, safe and reliable manner, and believed to be an ideal tool for well pulling. To correctly understand the features and functions of the pneumatic spider, plea read the operation instruction manual carefully before using the product.
二、 主要技术参数 Main technical parameters
2015年6月六级真题产品型号 Model | C型 Model C | CHD型 Model CHD | |
1、最大工作载荷 Maximum capacity | 80ton | 120tonqueen of rain | |
2、卡持管柱外径 OD of pipe to be handled | 1.315～4.1/2 | 2.3/8～4.1/2 | |
3、气缸工作压力 Cylinder working pressure | 588～686Kpa | |
4、气缸行程 Cylinder Stroke | 107mm | |
| | | |
三、 结构特征及工作原理 Features and function philosophy
产品结构简图如下cngThe product’s construction is sketched as follows：
C/CHD型气动卡盘的驱动机构是曲柄连杆机构。有两个对分的
卡瓦组件，每一卡瓦组件由两个连接在转动臂上的卡瓦组成，转动臂的另一端分别连接在右曲轴和左曲轴上，左、右曲轴通过连杆相连。气缸驱动连杆时，曲轴绕中心转动，从而实现卡瓦提升松开管柱，卡瓦放下卡紧管柱的功能。止退块与连杆台肩啮合时，可阻止曲
轴转动。当卡瓦在本体内咬紧管柱且止退块与连杆台肩啮合时，可有效防止管柱的意外松动。
The driving system of C/CHD pneumatic spider consists of crank and linking rod, with rotary slip asmblies in two halves, each containing two rotary slips connected to the swivel arm，while the other end of the swivel arm connects to the right crank and left crank， which is linked together by the linking rod. When the cylinder drives the linking rod, the crank is rotated around the center to rai the rotary slip for releasing the pipe or lower the rotary slip for gripping the pipe. The crank can be prevented from rotation when the stop is engaged with linking rod shoulder, which is necessary to avoid the accidental looning of the pipe when the engagement is applied during the pipe gripping process.
C/CHD型气动卡盘配备的活门和卡瓦允许平行的管柱通过。设
计成特殊截面的活门允许电潜泵电缆与任何尺寸的油管柱同时通过。
C/CHD pneumatic spider equipped with the slip and valve allows the pipe to pass through.
The valve is designed with special cross ction allowing for cable of submerged pump and oil pipe of any size to pass through at the same time.
C/CHD型气动卡盘的本体和卡瓦同时也是为修井作业中的承压
作业而特殊设计的，它们能正面向上或正面向下工作，但咬紧管柱的牙板是标准设计的，是可以互相更换的。mason
C/CHD pneumatic spider body and slip is also designed for well pulling
operation under pressure, both upward and downward operations are allowable. However, the die for gripping the pipe is of standard design for easy interchange.
四、 使用及注意事项half Precautions for operation
1、打开包装物后，应首先检查气动卡盘的各部件是否齐全，销轴的开口销装配是否正确。现场产品与订购的气动卡盘的规格是否相符，订货时请署名:整机型号、最大工作载荷，另外需要多大规格的牙板和卡瓦体。
During unpacking, inspect the completeness of the supplies of all the components. Check for correct installation of the split pin on the spindle and the conformity of the actually received products with the ordered items. Plea indicate the exact model number of the unit and maximum capacity as well as the size of the die and the slip body.
2、用螺钉插入气动卡盘的卡瓦座底板的长孔内，将气动卡盘固toll
定在修井机井口平台上。
Place the screw into the slot hole on the slip toe to fix the spider onto the platform of the well pulling machine.
3、将气源通过管线接在气缸的进、出气管接头上。在使用前，
须进行空载运行试验，仔细观察卡盘的各个部件是否灵活、可靠，卡瓦提升、放下是否有卡阻等。
Connect the air hosing to the inlet and out. A pre－operational test should be performed b
efore putting into rvice to carefully check for any unfree and abnormal rotation as well as jamming of the rotary slip when moving up and down.
4、在卡持钻杆、油管前还须检查其卡瓦体，装配的牙板规格是
否与使用的钻杆、油管外径尺寸相同(不同规格的牙板侧面上分别有:C2.3/8 RT、C2.1/2 RT、C3 RT、C3.1/2 RT、C4 RT、鸠集凤池C4.1/2 RT硬印字样)，并检查牙板的装配方向是否正确。
Before handling the drill pipe or oil pipe, an inspection of the slip body and the die should be carried out to e if their sizes are matching the out diameters of the drill pipe or oil pipe(there are stamps on the die sides indicating: C2.3/8RT、C2.1/2RT、C3RT、C3.1/2RT、C4RT、C4.1/2RT) and check for incorrect direction of the installed die.
5、本厂产品在卡持pets22.3/8、2.7/8、3.1/2的管径时，使用相对应
规格的牙板，其卡瓦体是C3.1/2卡瓦体，卡持3.1/2、4、same4.1/2管径时则要更换C4.1/2卡瓦体及相应规格的牙板。
For handling the pipe of 2.3/8、2.7/8、3.l/2 in diameters, an appropriate die is ud to fit with the rotary slip ized C3.1/2, but for handling the pipe of 3.1/2, 4、4.l/2 in diameter, the rotary slip of C4.l/2 should be ud instead and an appropriate die shall also be lected.
6、在使用气动卡盘过程中，难免有油污、泥水等杂物溅入卡瓦
体背面锥体上，此时就可能难以靠气缸的推力把卡瓦体顶出卡瓦座，操作工人只能在不同的方向，撬动卡瓦体而切忌用铁锤敲打卡瓦体上平面或卡瓦座任何部位。
Inevitably during the operation of the pneumatic spider, oil and water and other dirty matters could be spattered to the cone on the back of the slip, which may prevent the rotary slip body from being lifted out of the slip toe only by the cylinder driving force. The operators have to pry the slip body from different directions but never try to hammer the slip top or any part of the rotary slip.
