2015北京高考英语重 庆 理柔荑花序 工 大 学
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modernizr（双面打印）
二级学院 车辆工程学院
班 级 112040101
kirkland学生姓名 樊纯静
tight学 号 11204010107
Intelligent parking system
Abstract
The basic concepts of the parking rervation system and parking revenue management system are discusd in this paper. The propod intelligent park-ing space inventory control system that is bad on a combination of fuzzy lo-gic and integer programming techniques makes ‘‘on line’’ decisions whether to accept or reject a new driver's request for parking. In the first step of the propod model, the best parking strategies are developed for many different patterns of vehicle arrivals. The parking strategies are developed using integ-er programming approach. In the cond step, learn-ing from the best strategi-es, specific rules are defined. The uniqueness of the propod approach is that the rules are derived from the t of chon examples assuming that the futur-e traffic arrival patterns are known. The results were found to be clo to the best solution assuming that the future arrival pattern is known.
Keywords: Traffic; Uncertainty modeling; Control; Parking; Fuzzy logic
1.Introduction
Every day a significant percentage of drivers in single-occupancy vehicles arch for a parking space. Additionally, less experienced drivers or out-
rows
of-towners further contribute to the increa of traffic congestion. Search for a vac-ant parking space is a typical example of a arch process. Every parking ar-ch strategy is compod of a t of vague rules. It is usually difficult to descri-be the rules explicitly. The type of the planned activity, time of a day, day of the week, current congestion on particular routes, knowledge of city streets,and potentially available parking places have signficant influence on a chon parking arch strategy. During the last four decades numerous parking arc-h models have been developed .In many decision-making situations in transporecruits-rtation the competitive alternatives and their characteristics are reasonably well known in advance to the decision maker (pasnger, driver). On the other hand, the drivers usually discover diffierent parking alternatives one by one in a temporal quence. Clearly, this temporal quence has a very strong infl-uence on the driver's final decision about the parking place. During the past two decades, traffic authorities in many cities (Helsinki, Cologne, Mainz, Stuttgart, Wiesbaden, Aalborg, Hague) have started to inform and guide drivers to parking facilities with real-time var-iable message signs [directional arro-hellooxws, names of the parking facilities, status (full, not full, number of available parking spaces, etc.)]. Information about the number of available parking spac-es could be displayed on the major roads, streets and interctions, or it could be distributed through the Internet.
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It is logical to ask the question about the benefits of the parking guidance systems. Current practice shows that parking guidance systems usually do notchange the occupancy rate or average parking duration. Drivers easily become familiar with the parking guidance systems, and majority of them u, thrust and appreciate the help of the systems. Guidance systems significantly increas-e the probability of finding vacant parking space, mitigate frustration of the ft什么意思drivers–visitors unfamiliar with the city center, decrea the queues in front of parking garages, decrea the total amount of vehicle-miles traveled (particularly in the city centers), decrea the average trip time, energy consumption, and air pollution. Parking guidance system is a part of comprehensive parkingpolicy and traffic management system, who other elements are street parkin-g control (including sanctions for the illegally parked vehicles), parking fare structure, and parking revenue management system. Parking guidance system-s help drivers to find vacant parking spaces when they are already on the network, and approaching their final destination. Throughout this rearch the concepts of the parking rervation system and parking revenue management system are propod. Such systems would help drivers to find a vacant parking space even before beginning their trip. The propod “intelligent” parking space inventory control system that is bad on the combination of simulation, optimization techniques, and fuzzy logic makes “real-time” decisions as to whether to reject or accept a new request for parking. The propod methodol-ogy could be applied for parking lots and parking garages in cities and at the big international airports.
2.parking pricing
In majority of cities throughout the world drivers pay for using different parking facilities. In some instances, traffic congestion can be significantly reduced as a result of parking price. The parking revenue is usually ud to cover parking facility costs (access gates, ticket,printers, parking meters, parki-ng signs, attendants), or to improve some other traffic and transportation acti-vities. Different parking pricing strategies should be a part of the comprehensi-ve solution approach to the complex traffic congestion problems. There is no doubt that parking pricing reprents one of the important demand manageme-nt strategies. For example, traffic authorities, local governments and private ctor could introduce higher parking tariffs for solo drivers or for long-term parkers in congested city areas. They could provide special parking discounts to vanpoolers. Obviously parking pricing should be carefully studied in the context of the considered city area (down-town, residential, commercial, retail u areas).
