上海市长宁区2018届高三二模
(满分140分，考试时间120分钟)
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word
that best fits each blank.
A Great Friendship
新年快乐用英语怎么说
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? They worked together and started to further American Revolution and later to shape the official new plan of the government.
21 (develop) a clo friendship, which lasted for 50 years. There were 22 (share) purpos and a common end on both sides. Four and a half months 23 he died, when he was ill and worried about his f
amily, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends till death.
"The friendship which 24 (exist) between us for half a century, the harmony of our political principles an pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that long period. it's also been a great comfort to me 25 (believe) that you are engaged in vindicating (证实) to the younger generation the cour that we've pursued for prerving to them. If ever the earth has noticed a system of administration conducted with 26 single and keen eye to the general interest and happiness of tho committed to, it must be the system protected by truth, to 27 our lives have been devoted. To mylf, you have been a great supporter throughout life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections.”
A week later, Madison replied.
“You cannot look back 28 the long period of our private friendship and political harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. 29 they are a source of pleasure to you, they are the same to me. We cannot be deprived (失去) of the happy consciousness of the pure devotion to the public good and I have confidence 30 sufficient evidence will find its way to another generation to ensure, after we are gone, whatever of justice may be withheld while we are here.”
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chon from the box. Each word can be ud only once. Note that there
is one word more than you need.
A. analysis
B. usually
C. assures
D. pours
E. development
F. necessary
有声
G. cloudy
H. abnt
I. cultivate
溏心风暴主题曲
J. allow
K. extremely
He Is Kindly
The other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott emed not to have changed from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his
best to 31 himlf into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which
his wife 32 far better than This Side of Paradi, but like most of our younger novelists, he finds it 33 to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan prentation ems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still 34 light-hearted.
I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. No one el can touch his style, nor the superb quality of his satire(讽刺). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and 35 of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will 36 .
Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, rved in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame
and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he 37 great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it, he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist's book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful 38 .
Just what he will write in the future remains 39 . With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people,
he yet ems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is t
o be hoped that from it will be 40 the emingly unavoidable modern girls.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A
Standards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效)
Quality teaching depends on teachers' knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent c m focud on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work 41 with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their 42 .
If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and asssment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the 43 of each aspect of their work-a practice reinforced by their accreditation( if i) requirements,---schools must have such regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.
As Richard Rothstein and his colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right,
school-level accountability can be supported by school 44 , like tho common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending veral days visiting classrooms, 45 samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences, 46 looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cas, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make 47 about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力)of principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the 48 and comparability of school-bad asssments(as i n England and Australia), as well as schools internal asssment and evaluation process(as in Hong Kong).
In most countries’ inspection systems, schools are ra
ted on the quality of instruction and other rvices and supports,
49 and progress in a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, as well as students’
such as extra-curricular, personal and social 50 , the acquisition of workplace skills and the 51 to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a 52 lifestyle. Schools are rated as to wh
ether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require rious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedbackon what the inspections both saw and 53 . Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert 54 and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Tho that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be_ 55 if they are not improved.
41. A. occasionally B. cloly C. strictly D. peacefully
42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices
43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements
44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration
45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying
46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as
47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions
48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support
49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest
50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits
51. A. frequency B. cons C. satisfaction D. extent
52. A. comparable B. health C. different D. unique
53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded
54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations
55. A. t down B. put down C. clod down D. pulled down
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information
given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS
Human Animal News Ancient World Space/Tech Culture
Warning from Experts
A growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites----
is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, pos an increasing threat to space activities. “This is a growing environmental problem,” said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.帝释天英文
Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk.
The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth
will steady through 2055, after which it will increa. While current efforts have focud on limiting future space junk,
the scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.
Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth.
Johnson said. In “Of the13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,”
addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. The include everything from pieces of plastic to
我儿子为什么哭bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are ctions of a rocket that have
their own fuel or engines.
The objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.
Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from nding up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lars to slow an objects orbit to cau it to fall back to
Earth more quickly. Given current technology, tho proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical,
growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only “Space junk is like any environmental problem,” Johnson admits. “
It’ｓ
become wor, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.” sacmi
56. What is this passage mainly talking about?
A. Advanced technology is ud to remove space junk.
B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.
C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.
D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.
57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.
B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.
C. It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.
D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft
58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?
A. Reasonable.
B. Unbelievable.
C. Reliable.
D. Impractical.
(B)
ABC News: Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jery district now can submit to iris(虹膜)scans, as the technology that helps keep our nation’s airports and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.
大连日语培训学校
The Freehold Borough School District launched this high-techcurity system
on Monday with funding from the Department of Justice as part of a study on the system ’s effectiveness. As many as four adults can be authorized to pick up each child in the district, order to be authorized to come into school, they will be asked to register with the district ’s iris recognition curity and visitor management system. At this point, the
New Jery program is not a must.sat培训中心
If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the system caus an
alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just
conds.
This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like
Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12,000 subscribers who pay $79.95 for the convenience of submitting to iris scans rather than going through lengthy curity checks.
An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint becau it records 240 unique details- far more than the
ven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1. 44 trillion if you scan both eyes.
Phil Meara, the Freehold District official, said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection.
“This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jer school, he said, We cho this school becau we were looking for a typical slightly urban school to launch the system.”
Meara applied for a $369,000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1, 500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have registered for the eye scan system.
59. Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the iris curity system?
A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.
B. To encourage more students to register in New Jery urban schools.
C. To test the effectiveness of school curity and management system.
D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.
60. What's the advantage of the eye scan system over fingerprints?
A. Having many more subscribers throughout the country.
B. Authorizing the adults to pick up children more flexibly.
C. Attracting parents in a larger proportion to register for it.
D. Making almost no mistakes in identifying the authorized. 61. How does Phil Meara help to ensure the safety of children?
A. By persuading people to register with the curity system.
B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.
C. By asking the department of justice to fund the program.
D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help. 62. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Parents Favor the Eye Scan System.
B. Security Management Needs Improving.
C. High Technology Comes to School.
D. Iris Scanners Are Invented in the Country. (C)
Dusty Nash, an angelic-looking blond child of ven, awoke at 5 one recent morning in his Chicago home and began to throw a fit. He cried and kicked. Every muscle in his 50-lb. body flew in violent motion. Finally, after about 30 minutes, Dusty pulled himlf together sufficiently to head downstairs for breakfast. While his mother was busy in the kitchen, the extremely excited child pulled a box of Kix cereal from the cupboard and sat on a chair.
But sitting still was not easy this morning. After grabbing some cereal with his hands, he began kicking the box, scattering little round corn puffs across the room. Next he turned his attention to the TV t, or rather, the table supporting it. The table was covered with a check-board con-tact paper, and Dusty began peeling it off. Then he became interested in the spilled cereal and started smashing it into bits.
It was only 7: 30, and his mother Kyle Nash, who teaches a medical-school cour on death and dying, was already feeling half dead from exhaustion. Dusty was to e his doctors that day at 4, and they had asked her not to give the boy
When picking up a child, the adult
provides a driver ’
s licen and then submits to an eye scan. If the iris
image camera recognizes his or her
eyes, the door clicks open.
the drug he usually takes to control his extreme excitement and attention problems, a condition known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). It was going to be a very long day without help from Ritain, a powerful drug which some
people take for pleasure, but which they can become addicted to.
Karenne Bloomgarden remembers such days all too well. The spirited, 43-year-old boss and gym teacher was a
disaster as a child growing up in New Jery. “I did very poorly in school,” she recalls. Her teachers an
I was being bad--- too loud, too physical, too everything.
constantly on her ca for tough behavior. “They just felt
naughty tomboy with few friends, she saw a psychologist at age 10. “but nobody came up with a diagnosis she began prescribing her own medication: marijuana, and later cocaine.
The athletic Bloomgarden managed to get into college, but she admits that she cheated her way to a diploma. “I
would study and study, and I wouldn’t remember a thing. I really felt it was my fault.” After gradua physically active jobs but was anxious about administrative work. Then, four years ago, a doctor put a label on her troubles: ADHD. “It's been such a weigh off my shoulders” says Bloomgarden, who takes both stimulant Ritalin and the
. Now I’m rewriting the antidepressant Zoloft to improve her concentra tion. “I had 38 years of thinking I was a bad person
tapes of who I thought I was to who I really am.”
in the 1st paragraph probably mean?
63. What does the phra “throw a fit”出国留学咨询处
A. turn onelf around casually
B. fall down to the ground carelessly
C. lo ones temper suddenly
D. shout and complain loudly
64. Why did Dusty Nash mess the room?
A. He was reluctant to listen to his mother
B. He couldn't focus on anything for a while.
C. He forgot to take the medicine he usually took.
D. He was afraid to e the doctor with his mother.
65. The passage is chiefly concerned with .
A. the visible symptoms of the dia ADHD
B. the preci definition of the dia ADHD
C. D usty’s experiences in his childhood and college
D. K arenne’s confessing of cheating to get a diploma
66. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Dusty went to e his private doctor every week in the past years
care of him till he was admitted to a college.
B. D usty’s mother took
C. A psychologist examined Karenne and cured her rious dia.
D. Karenne didn't know herlf well until she was diagnod with ADHD.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper ntence given in the box. Each ntence can be
ud only once. Note that there are two more ntences than you need.
A. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts
B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade.contrail
C In ancient Greek myths, Minoan society was quite prosperous and highly civilized
D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture.
E. Minoan culture didn't exist before Arthur Evans discovered the palace under the earth
F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears to list trade accounts.
The Minoans: A Forgotten People
The first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years, knowledge of the
people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19 h century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur
Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace
Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, acentral figure in many Greek myths.
67 With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records. The
finds, together with later finds, compri all that experts know about Minoan culture.
From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was
five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possd a highly developed naval fleet for
