nhjy./kech/wswx/cn/test/shiti.htm华中农业大学微生物试题集（仅参考）*不做重点*
Section 1 Microorganisms and Microbiology
1Archaea ： a group of phylogenetically related prokaryotes distinct from Bacteria
2Bacteria ：a group of phylogenetically related prokaryotes distinct from Archaea
3 Chromosome： a genetic element carrying genes esntial to cell function
4DNA ：deoxyribonucleic acid, the hereditary material of cells and some virus
5 Enrichment culture ：a method for isolating microorganisms from nature using specific culture media and incubation conditions
6 Enzymes ：protein catalysts that function to speed up chemical reactions
7 Eukaryote ：a cell posssing a membrane-enclod nucleus and usually other organelles关于圣诞节的歌
8Genetics 中国翻译网：heredity and variation of living organisms
9Microorganism ：a microscopic organism consisting of a single cell or cell cluster, including the virus
10 Plasmid ：a small genetic element that exists parately from the chromosome
11Pure culture ：a culture containing a single kind of microorganism
12Spontaneous generation ：the hypothesis that living organisms can originate from nonliving matter
13Aptic ：technique methods for maintaining sterile culture media and other sterile objects free from microbial contamination during manipulations
14Cell ：the fundamental unit of living matter
15Cytoplasm ：the fluid portion of a cell, bounded by the cell membrane but excluding the nucleus (if prent)
16英国留学一年费用Ecology ：the study of organisms in their natural environments
17 trianglesEntropy ：a measure of the degree of disorder in a system; entropy always increas in a clod system
18Eukarya ：all eukaryotic organisms
19Evolution ：change in a line of descent over time leading to the production of new species or varieties within a species
20Metabolism ：all biochemical reactions in a cell
21 Pathogen ：a dia-causing microorganism
22 Prokaryote ：a cell lacking a nucleus and other organelles
23 RNA ：ribonucleic acid, involved in protein synthesis as mesnger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA
24 Sterile ：abnce of all living organisms and virus
Section 2 Cell Biology
1gentle是什么意思Antigen-Binding Castte transporter ：a membrane transport system consisting of three proteins, one hydrolyzes ATP as an energy source to drive the transport event, one binds the substrate on the outside of the cell, and one functions as the transport channel through the membrane
2Chloroplast ：the chlorophyll-containing photosynthetic organelle of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms
3 Cytoplasmic ：membrane the permeability barrier of the cell, parating the cytoplasm from the environment
小学五年级上册英语录音mp3下载
4 Eukaryote later on：a cell containing a membrane-enclod nucleus and usually other organelles
你懂吗用英语怎么说5Gas vesicles ：gas-filled cytoplasmic structures bounded by protein and coriferring buoyancy on cells
6 Gram-positive ：a prokaryotic cell who cell wall consists chiefly of peptidoglycan and lacks the outer membrane of gram-negative cells
7Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)： lipid in combination with polysaccharide and protein forming the major portion of the cell wall in gram-negative Bacteria
8 Mitochondrion (mitochondria)：an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells in which respiration and energy generation occurs
9Nucleus： a membraned-enclod structure in cells of Eukarya that contains the genetic material, arranged in chromosomes
10 Flagellum： Peptidoglycan ：a polysaccharide compod of alternating repeats of acetylglucosamine and acetylmuramic acid with the latter in adjacent layers cross-linked by short peptides
11 Peritrichous ：in reference to flagellation pattern; flagella located in many places around the surface of the cell Phototaxis movement of an organism toward light
12 英语网Prokaryote ：a cell that lacks a membrane-enclod nucleus and that usually has a single circular DNA molecule as its chromosome
13 Ribosome ：small particles compod of RNAs and proteins that function in protein synthesis
14Chemotaxis ：movement of an organism toward (positive) or away from (negative) a chemical gradientinch是什么单位
15Chromosome ：a DNA molecule, usually circular in prokaryotes and linear in eukaryotes, carrying genes esntial to cellular function
16Endospore： a highly heat-resistant, thick-walled, differentiated cell produced by certain gram-positive Bacteria
17 Flagellum ： a long, thin cellular appendage capable of rotation in prokary otic cells and responsible for swim-ming motility
