全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程3Unit5测试答案WeLearn Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this ction, there is a passage with veral blanks. You are required to lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once.
A) merchant
B) appearance
C) in accordance with
D) appeared
E) able
F) startled
G) tiny
H) definite
I) indefinite
J) capable
K) occurred
L) startling
M) wrinkled
N) reflections
O) in alliance with
consultation
The 1) have 2) to me becau I read in this morning’s paper that Edward Hyde Burton had died at Kobe. He was a 3) and he had been in business in Japan for many years. I knew him very little, but he interested me becau once he gave me a great surpri. Unless I had heard the story from his o
wn lips, I should never have believed that he was 4) of such an action. It was more 5) becau both in 6) and manner he suggested a very 7) type. Here if ever was a man all of a piece. He was a 8) little fellow, not much more than five feet four in height, and very slender, with white hair, a red face much 9) , and blue eyes. I suppo he was about sixty when I knew him. He was always neatly and quietly dresd 10) his age and station.
Answer：N K A J L B H G M C
Section B
Directions: There are veral passages in this ction. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 15 are bad on the following passage.
How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourlves as we are, and f
ew are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
Most fashion magazines or TV advertiments try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of cour, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he ud to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertirs show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in ca our friends think we are odd or dull.
What caus fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caud a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example.
Today, society is much freer and easier than it ud to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone el. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of th
e way you should becau it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look ems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion hous.
At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choo our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depresd if you don’t look like the latest fashion photos. Look around you and you’ll e that no one el does either!
11. The author thinks that people are ________.
A) satisfied with their appearance
B) concerned about appearance in old age
C) far from neglecting what is in fashion
atrix
D) reluctant to follow the trends in fashion
12. Fashion magazines and TV advertiments em to link fashion to ________.
A) confidence in life
B) personal dress
C) personal behavior
D) personal success
13. Which is NOT the reason that makes fashions change?
A) Practicality.
B) Individual affection.
C) Celebrity effect.
D) Convenience.
14. Prent-day society is much freer and easier becau it emphasizes ________.
A) uniformity
B) formality
C) informality
D) individuality英语绘本
15. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A) Care about appearance in formal situations.
B) Fashion in formal and informal situations.
C) Ignoring appearance in informal situations.
D) Ignoring appearance in all situations.
Passage Two
Everybody loves a fat pay ri. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals wo
uld not be capable of this finely developed n of grievance (抱怨). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The rearchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay
much clor attention to the value of “goods and rvices” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. The rearchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in parate but adjoining chambers (房间), so that each could obrve what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the cond was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token i
n exchange at all, the other either tosd her own token at the rearcher or out of the chamber, or refud to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere prence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce rentment in a female capuchin.
The rearches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it ems, are not the prerve of people alone. Refusing a lesr reward completely makes the feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a n of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
16. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.
A) posing a contrast
B) justifying an assumption
C) making a comparison
D) explaining a phenomenon
17. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last ntence, paragraph 1) implies that ________.
A) monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals
B) righteous indignation is also monkeys’ nature
C) monkeys, like humans, tend to complain with each other
D) no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions
18. Female capuchin monkeys were chon for the rearch most probably becau they are ________.
A) more inclined to weigh what they get
B) attentive to rearchers’ instructions
C) nice in both appearance and temperament
D) more generous than their male companions
19. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.
A) are as lfish as humans
B) can be taught to exchange things雄心勃勃
C) will not be co-operative if feeling treated unfairly
D) are unhappy when parated from others
20. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A) Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
soldeB) Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C) Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D) Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
Passage Three
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themlves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conrvative views, es the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he es gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the ca-endings of Old English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, “Why We Should, Like, Care”. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive ― there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight becau we do not talk proper.
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would em old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and propos no radical education reforms ― he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than uful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.
21. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.
A) is inevitable in radical education reforms
B) is but all too natural in language development
C) has caud the controversy over the counter-culture
D) brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s
22. The word “talking” (Paragraph 3) denotes ________.
A) formality
B) personality
C) vividness
D) informality
23. Which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree to?
cosyA) Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.
B) Black English can be more expressive than Standard English.
C) Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.
D) Of all the varieties, Standard English can best convey complex ideas.
laces24. The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.he was 50 years old
A) interest in their language
B) appreciation of their efforts
C) struggle against the decline of formal English
D) contempt for their old-fashionedness
25. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as ________.
A) “radical” is to “conrvative”
B) “informal” is to “formal”
C) “functional” is to “artistic”
D) “inferior” is to “superior”
Passage Four
How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourlves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
Most fashion magazines or TV advertiments try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of cour, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he ud to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertirs show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in ca our friends think we are odd or dull.
What caus fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats
indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caud a depression in the A
merican hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men have followed example.
There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Ⅱ, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again.
Today, society is much freer and easier than it ud to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone el. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should becau it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look ems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the
top fashion hous.
At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choo our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depresd if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll e that no one el does either!
26. The author thinks that people are _________.
A) satisfied with their appearance
B) concerned about appearance in old age
C) far from neglecting what is in fashion
D) reluctant to follow the trends in fashion
27. Fashion magazines and TV advertiments em to link fashion to _________.
A) confidence in life
B) personal dress
C) individual hair style
D) personal future
28. Caus of fashions are _________.
A) uniform
B) varied
C) unknown
D) inexplicable
29. Prent-day society is much freer and easier becau it emphasizes _________.
A) uniformity
B) formality
C) informality
D) individuality
30. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A) Care about appearance in formal situations.
B) Fashion in formal and informal situations.
C) Ignoring appearance in informal situations.
D) Ignoring appearance in all situations.
痕迹英文
Vocabulary and Structurelucky jason mraz
