Pearl Sydenstricker Buck, 1892 - 1973
北京学大Pearl Comfort Sydenstricker was born on June 26, 1892, in Hillsboro, West Virginia. Her parents, Absalom and Caroline Sydenstricker, were Southern Presbyterian missionaries, stationed in China. Pearl was the fourth of ven children (and one of only three who would survive to adulthood). She was born when her parents were near the end of a furlough in the United States; when she was three months old, she was taken back to China, where she spent most of the first forty years of her life.
The Sydenstrickers lived in Chinkiang (Zhenjiang), in Kiangsu (Jiangsu) province, then a small city lying at the junction of the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal. Pearl's father spent months away from home, itinerating in the Chine countryside in arch of Christian converts; Pearl's mother ministered to Chine women in a small dispensary she established.
From childhood, Pearl spoke both English and Chine. She was taught principally by her mother and by a Chine tutor, Mr. Kung. In 1900, during the Boxer Uprising, Caroline and t如何提高工作执行力
he children evacuated to Shanghai, where they spent veral anxious months waiting for word of Absalom's fate. Later that year, the family returned to the US for another home leave.
In 1910, Pearl enrolled in Randolph-Macon Woman's College, in Lynchburg, Virginia, from which she graduated in 1914. Although she had intended to remain in the US, she returned to China shortly after graduation when she received word that her mother was gravely ill. In 1915, she met a young Cornell graduate, an agricultural economist named John Lossing Buck. They married in 1917, and immediately moved to Nanhsuchou (Nanxuzhou) in rural雅思培训班重庆（农村） Anhwei (Anhui) province. In this impoverished community, Pearl Buck gathered the material that she would later u in The Good Earth and other stories of China.
The Bucks' first child, Carol, was born in 1921; a victim of PKU, she proved to be profoundly retarded. Furthermore, becau of a uterine tumor discovered during the delivery, Pearl underwent a hysterectomy. In 1925, she and Lossing adopted a baby girl,
Janice. The Buck marriage was unhappy almost from the beginning, but would last for eighteen years.淑女培训
From 1920 to 1933, Pearl and Lossing made their home in Nanking (Nanjing), on the campus of Nanking University, where both had teaching positions. In 1921, Pearl's mother died and shortly afterwards her father moved in with the Bucks. The tragedies and dislocations which Pearl suffered in the 1920s reached a climax in March, 1927, in the violence known as the "Nanking Incident." In a confud battle involving elements of Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist troops, Communist forces, and assorted warlords, veral Westerners were murdered. The Bucks spent a terrified day in hiding, after which they were rescued by American gunboats. After a trip downriver to Shanghai, the Buck family sailed to Unzen（云仙，日本著名温泉池）, Japan, where they spent the following year. They then moved back to Nanking, though conditions remained dangerously unttled.
Pearl had begun to publish stories and essays in the 1920s, in magazines such as Nation, The Chine Recorder, Asia, and Atlantic Monthly. Her first novel, East Wind, We
st Wind, was published by the John Day Company in 1930. John Day's publisher, Richard Walsh, would eventually become Pearl's cond husband, in 1935, after both received divorces.
sissIn 1931, John Day published Pearl's cond novel, aduThe Good Earth. This became the best-lling book of both 1931 and 1932, won the 大学体验英语2Pulitzer Prize and the Howells Medal in 1935, and would be adapted as a major MGM film in 1937. Other novels and books of non-fiction quickly followed. In 1938, less than a decade after her first book had appeared, Pearl won the Nobel Prize in literature, the first American woman to do so. By the time of her death in 1973, Pearl would publish over venty books: novels, collections of stories, biography and autobiography, poetry, drama, children's literature, and translations from the Chine.
In 1934, becau of conditions in China, and also to be clor to Richard Walsh and her daughter Carol, whom she had placed in an institution in New Jery, Pearl moved permanently to the US. She bought an old farmhou, Green Hills Farm, in Bucks County,
PA. She and Richard adopted six more children over the following years. Green Hills Farm is now on the Registry of Historic Buildings; fifteen thousand people visit each year.
From the day of her move to the US, Pearl was active in American civil rights and women's rights activities. She published essays in both 精选英文Crisis, the journal of the NAACP, and Opportunity, the magazine of the Urban League; she was a trustee of Howard Universitybuckwheat for twenty years, beginning in the early 1940s. In 1942, Pearl and Richard founded the East and West Association, dedicated to cultural exchange and understanding between Asia and the West. In 1949, outraged that existing adoption rvices considered Asian and mixed-race children unadoptable, Pearl established Welcome Hou, the first international, inter-racial adoption agency; in the nearly five decades of its work, Welcome Hou has assisted in the placement of over five thousand children. In 1964, to provide support for Amerasian（美亚混血儿）给领导送礼children who were not eligible for adoption, Pearl also established the Pearl S. Buck Foundation, which provides sponsorship funding for thousands of children in half-a-dozen Asian countries.
