第2次作业
一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共5小题，每小题20分） 1.
Hunger is no novelty. We can discount legends of golden ages, lands
of Cockayne, and Mefgasthenes， statement that before Alexander's invasion of India, there had never been famine or food shortage there.
Trustworthy
year in ten
China, with
some region
historical records show that during the Renaissance one in Britain, and one in five in Europe, was a famine year, a greater area and more diver climate, had a famine in every year.they are also angry at the breakdown of something about it though it is obvious not always
have the means. Malnutrition a chronic state in which the total food
Famine is a state of affairs in which people are dying in the streets. It therefore attracts the notice of historians and is recorded. The fact that it strikes people who are aware of having been properly fed and wel1 is more important. Not only are the survivors more resilient, the system and eager to do from the record that they do is much more insidious. It is supply or, more often, the supply of certain components such as protein or some of the vitamins, is inadequate. It ems probable that, either constantly or asonally. It ud to be the usual condition of mankind and was regarded as normal. The rickety appearance of the figures in medieval paintings and drawings is often put down to the incompetence of the artist: it is as likely that most people really did look like that. The exuberance with which poets greeted the "merry month of May〃 may, in our dull climate, have had a meteorological basis: it is just as likely that in May, after six months' shortage, there was now an adequate vitamin supply. The promptness with which some sailors succumbed to scurvy after leaving port suggests that they were normal 1y on the edge of scurvy and needed only a siight worning of conditions to get it acutely. Others will think of other examples. Hunger and malnutrition arc components, of a classic example of a vicious cycle. They lead to enfeeblement or apathy in which nothing either can be done, or ems to be worth doing, to alter the state of affairs; this leads to more hunger and malnutrition. There is good reason to think that, in much of the developing world, if the cycle could once the broken, it would never return.
(1).
According to the text, hunger in the past英语免费在线翻译
A.
occurred more frequently in Britain than in the rest of Europe
B.
hardware是什么意思was less of a problem than it is today
c.
was almost unknown in the Indian subcontinent
D.
tired
was quite a regular occurrence
caroul(2).
The writer suggests that famine is different from malnutrition becau .
A.
it is a far more widespread problem
B.
it caus rather more people to die
c.
it arous a desire for action rather than mere apathy
D.
it tends to affect the rich and well fed more than the poor
(3).
What does the writer say about malnutrition?
A.
当然可以的英文It was a common condition in the Middle Ages.kickoff
B.
It arous a great deal of emotion and interest.
c.
It affected the competence of medieval artists.
D.
It is a more obvious problem than famine.
女生英语名字(4). The writer says that many sailors in the past succumbed rapidly to scurvy becau •
A.
they did not have enough to eat
B.
they were not ud to living at a
c.
饥饿游戏2预告片they were already suffering from malnutrition
D.
they caught it from other sailors
(5). According to the writer, the vicious circle of malnutrition in developing countries .
ovenA.
makes long-term progress very difficult to achieve
B.
could be broken for good if it were broken once
sunkingc.
has a significant effect on the developed countries
D.
could extend to developed countries in the future
2.
One of the most fascinating questions about human behavior is each person is different from all others. The answer to this question would explain the aspect of human nature cal
led personality. Some theories assume that inborn characteristics determine human personali ty. Many obrvers have hypothesized that each person has a dominant temperament, prent from birth, that influences his or her behavior during an entire lifetime. According to one of the theories, people can be classified into four basic types: sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic and melancholic. Each type or temperament is characterized by a unique t of possible strengths and possible weakness.
Sanguine people are described as the most outgoing of the four temperaments. They are warm, fun-loving, and 1 ike the company of others. Becau of the strengths, it is said that sanguines often make good salesmen, actors, or public speakers. Sanguines, however, may have some rious weakness. Their problems often come from their lack of discipline. Easily distracted, they often lack the concentration to complete a job or follow through on a promi. For this reason, other people may not trust them.
Choleric people, are quite different from the carefree, emotional sanguines. Becau of their strong will, decisiveness, and productivity, cholerics are natural leaders who are goo
d at making vast plans and motivating other people to help them carry out their plans. They are often successful in business, industry, or politics. Choleric weakness can be very damaging, however. Becau a strong desire to lead, they can be cruel and cold toward tho who do not wish to follow. They often do not listen to advice from others, and once they make a decision, they may become hostile toward anyone who questions that decision.
Phlegmatics are calm, easygoing people who strive for efficiency and organization. Very diplomatic and polite, they make people feel comfortable and generally help keep things running smoothly. For the reasons, they make good teachers, technicians, etc. Phlegmatics, however, often have weakness that keep them from becoming successful. Afraid to take chances, they may let opportunities go by. In fact, they may avoid taking any steps to improve their position in life.
Melancholics are often considered to be gifted persons who posss creative talent. They are very analytical and able to understand complicated process and to note detail. The
people can make good doctors, scientists, artists, writers, and musicians. Melancholics are also said to be loyal, idealistic and lf-sacrificing. However, melancholics frequently make themlves mirable becau they tend to be negative and critical, and put up inflexible standards. They attach importance to everything they do, so they worry too much and e problems everywhere, and complain too much. They often become disappointed becau neither they nor the people around them can live up to their high standards.
