2010年6月CET—6真题及答案
Part I Writing （30 minutes）
注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chine。 You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below：
thisis1。近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；
2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；
3.我认为…
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chine
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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions： In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly an
d answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1。 For questions 1—7， choo the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B), C) and D）。 For questions 8—10, complete the ntences with the information given in the passage.
Obama's success isn't all good news for black Americans
As Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama， she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders。 ”In that one cond， it was a validation for my whole race，” she recalls.
"I've always been an achiever，” says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville， Tenne。 ”But there had always been the things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far。 Now it’s like a barrier has been let down.”
White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his ri to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too， challenging tho who still harbour ra
cist ntiments. ”The traits that characteri him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University。 "He's very intelligent and eloquent.”
Sting in the tail
Ashby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who ized on Obama's candidacy to test hypothes about the power of role models。 Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people’s views and behaviour。 Perhaps surprisingly， it is not all good news： there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.
But first the good news。 Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans， and he was making an impact even before he got to the White Hou。 Indeed， the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.
They tested four parate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign。 Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assd their language skills. At two of the stages, when Obama's succe
ss was less than certain， the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12。1 out of 20, compared to 8。8, for example。 When the Obama fever was at its height, however， the black participants performed much better。 Tho who had watched Obama’s acceptance speech as the Democrats’ presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects。After his election victory， this was true of all the black participants。
Dramatic shift
What can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be ud to asss their strengths and weakness. This should have primed the subjects with ”stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes， which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.
Obama's success emed to act as a shield against this。 ”We suspect they felt inspired and energid by his victory， so the stereotype threat wouldn’t prove a distraction,” says Friedman。
Lingering racism
If the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic （有魅力的） black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists asss what is known as "implicit bias"， using a computer—bad test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words-such as "love" or ”evil"—with photos of black or white faces。 A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group。
In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90％ compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006。 ”That’s an unusually large drop," Plant says.
While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama， they also showed that tho with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour
with political words such as "government” or ”president"。 This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind， says Plant.
Drop in bias
Brian Nok of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville， who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test， has also obrved a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama’s ri to popularity。 However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant’s results suggest。
Talking honestly
"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day,” says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California。 "Our rearch arous the concern that people may now be more likely to rai negative views of African Americans.” On the other hand， he says， it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing。
Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of viewhenrietta
s. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president， participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election。
Huge obstacles
It could, of cour, also be that Obama’s success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome the circumstances. ”Barack Obama's family is such a salient （出色的) image， we generali it and fail to e the larger picture-that there’s injustice in every aspect of American life，” says Cheryl Kair of the University of Washington in Seattle。 Tho trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect， she says。
Though Plant’s findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem。 "The last thing I want is for people to think everything’s solved."
The findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for an
y role model in any country。 ”There’s no reason we wouldn't have en the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron。 So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women。
paradi歌词 Beyond race
We also don’t yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last。Political ntiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama， and his popularity slumps?
And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether？ ”Over time he might become his own entity,” says Plant。 This might em like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain lect individuals-a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping-also has an insidious (隐伏的） side。 "We think it happens to help people prerve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes。” That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. How did Erin White feel upon eing Barack Obama's victory in the election？
A） Excited.
B) Victorious。
C) Anxious.
D) Relieved。
2. Before the election, Erin White has been haunted by the question of whether ______.
A） she could obtain her MBA degree
B) she could go as far as she wanted in life
C） she was overshadowed by her white peers
D） she was really an achiever as a student
3。 What is the focus of Ashby Plant’s study？
A） Racist ntiments in America.
B) The power of role models.
C） Personality traits of successful blacks。
D） The dual character of African Americans.
4。 In their experiments， Ray Friedman and his colleagues found that ______.
A） blacks and whites behaved differently during the election
B) whites' attitude towards blacks has dramatically changed
C) Obama’s election has eliminated the prejudice against blacks
D） Obama’s success impacted blacks' performance in language tests
5。 What do Brian Nok's preliminary results suggest？
gone with the windA) The change in bias against blacks is slow in coming。
B） Bias against blacks has experienced an unusual drop.
C) Website visitor's opinions are far from being reliable.
D) Obama's popularity may decline as time pass by。
提拉米苏的英文 在线英语补习6。 A negative side of the Obama effect is that ______。
A) more people have started to critici President Obama’s racial policies
B） relations between whites and African Americans may become ten again
C） people are now less ready to support policies addressing racial inequality
D） white people are likely to become more critical of African Americans
全国各省录取分数线排名省份 network是什么意思 7。 Cheryl Kair holds that people should be constantly reminded that ______。
A) Obama's success is sound proof of black's potential
B） Obama is but a rare example of black's excellence
C) racial inequality still persists in American society
男人怎么保养>spinalcordD） blacks still face obstacles in political participation
8。 According to Effron， if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected， there would also have been a negative effect on ______。
9。 It is possible that the Obama effect will be short—lived if there is a change in people’s ______.
10。 The worst possible aspect of the Obama effect is that people could ignore his race altogether and continue to hold on to their old racial ______。
