英语长难句解析
一、定语从句
【难句】1. Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries. (The Economist Jun.5, 2006)
【结构分析】 本句结构清晰，是一个复合句。主句为Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN，其后的定语从句which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries修饰先行词UN，关系代词在从句中作主语，注意这里project作动词用，译为“指出”，且从句里使用了比较级。
【参考译文】联合国有关报告指出，即便是中国，到2030年初期人口也将开始递减。这份报告同时还指出，到2050年，将有50个国家的人口低于今天的水平。
【难句】2. That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accud of turning young people into violent criminals. (The Economist Jun.18, 2006)
【结构分析】 本句的主句That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games是主系表结构，其中表语由how引导的名词性从句充当，定语从句which are accud of turning young people into violent criminals修饰先行词video games会计学专业学什么，关系代词which指代先行词video games在从句中作主语，这里使用了被动语态be accud of，在翻译时我们译成主动。
【参考译文】 对于当今时代那些控诉电视游戏使年轻人变成暴力罪犯的批评者们，历史最终也将对他们作出同样的批判。
【难句】3. An animal that can remember the significance of that large, nasty-looking thing with the big teeth and sharp claws will survive longer and produce more offspring. (Time Jan. 18, 2007)
【结构分析】本句是复合句，句子的主干为An animal will survive longer and produce more offspring。主语animal后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，关系代词代替animal在从句中作主语。在从句里，谓语动词下线英文 remember的宾语是免费英文简历模板the significance，它的后置定语为that large, nasty-looking thing with the big teeth and sharp claws好听英文名字；介词短语with the big te
eth and sharp claws补充说明thing的特点。
【参考译文】一种动物只有记住了长相丑恶(具有巨大牙齿和锋利爪子)且身体庞大的重要性，才能生存长久并繁殖更多的后代。
二、名词性从句
【难句】1. If I ever had any doubts about how demanding a teacher’s job is, it would have disappeared for good when I spent some time recently in schools. (The Guardian Sep. 12, 2007)
【结构分析】 本句的结构清晰，为主从复合句。it would have disappeared for good when I spent some time recently in schools为主句部分，其中包含一个when引导的时间状语从句when I spent some time recently in schools。If引导的条件状语从句中，had any doubts about后的宾语由how引导的名词性从句how demanding a teacher’s job is充当，how与形容词demanding相连作从句的表语。注意整个句子使用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句为if+had done，主句为would/could/should/might+have done的形式。
【参考译文】 如果说我以前还曾怀疑教师的工作有多吃力，那么当我最近在学校中待了一段时间后，我永远改变了原来的想法。
【难句】2. The trouble with that approach is that consumers tend to prefer devices that require simply plugging them in, without complicated tups of wireless channels, curity, and other features common to home networks. (Business Week Jan. 29, 2007)
【结构分析】 本句主干很清晰，是主系表结构。其中表语部分由that引导的名词性从句that consumers tend to prefer devices…充当。device后是that引导的定语从句 that require simply plugging them in…,关系代词that在从句中作主语。逗号后的介词短语 without complicated tups of wireless channels, curity, and other features…作从句中的伴随状语(在翻译时我们可以转译为定语)，句末的形容词结构common to home networks后置作features的定语。
【参考译文】 这一方式的问题在于，消费者更喜欢不需要创立复杂的无线电频道、安全保护以及家庭网络所共有的其他特性，便可以简单插入的装置。
【难句】3not fair. Davies says guidance must strike a balance between being flexible enough to take account of the differences between disciplines and providing enough detail to be of u. (The Guardian Oct. 3, 2007)
【结构分析】本句不难，主句谓语says后是省略了that的宾语从句guidance must strike a balance between being flexible enough to take account of the differences between disciplines and providing enough detail to be of u。注意两个between的使用。第一个between与后面的and 相连，构成being flexible enough to…and providing enough detail to…结构，第二个between后跟disciplines表示“各学科之间”，并且前后都使用了be enough to do的形式。
【参考译文】戴维斯说，指导规范必须在足够灵活考虑各学科的不同点和提供充足的可操作的细节之间寻求一种平衡。
三、非谓语动词
奥巴马竞选演讲
【难句】1. Some great manufacturers and great rvice companies may have become to
o lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but esntial ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)
【结构分析】本句不难，逗号前为主句Some great manufacturers and great rvice companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…结构，句末的现在分词结构outsourcing not just their non-core activities but esntial ones too作伴随状语，进一步补充说明reduce costs的具体内容。
米兰达兰伯特
【参考译文】有些大的制造商和服务供应商热衷于降低成本，不仅把非核心业务外包，而且连核心业务也不放过。
【难句】2. Having succeeded as a convenient vehicle for every conceivable political and commercial slogan, the threads themlves are becoming the newest message, logically enough. (Time Jan. 18, 2007)
【结构分析】本句为主从复合句。主句中的主语与从句中的主语一致，从句中省去主谓，造成分词作伴随状语的形式，我们可以还原为cogsince the threads have succeeded as…主句
部分是在线辅导平台the threads themlves are becoming the newest message,句末的单价英文 logically enough是状语，在翻译时，我们可以转译为be becoming the newest message的补充部分。
【参考译文】成功作为政治和商业口号的一种便捷媒介物，(T恤)衣服本身也成了最新的信息，这种情况(的发生)合乎逻辑。
【难句】3. Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds, targeting more established companies, and increasingly tting their sights abroad. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)
【结构分析】 本句结构清晰，主句为Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds,两个现在分词结构targeting more established companies和increasingly tting their sights abroad由and并列，作全句的伴随状语。
