Susan M. Di Bia ◆Summarizing & Translation Practice
◆Background Information & Discussion
◆Reading Comprehension (Text Organization)
•"Modern Liberal Arts of the University of Winchester"
•While watching, try to find out:
What subjects does a liberal arts degree involve?In classical antiquity, Martianus Capella defined the ven liberal arts subjects as:
•the Trivium(ancient Greece,the core liberal arts) grammar
logic / dialectic
rhetoric
•the Quadrivium(medieval times,extension) arithmetic
geometry
music
astronomy, often called astrology; both modern ns were covered
"Liberal arts education,"not relating to the professional, vocational or technical curricula,propos that the primary purpo of an education is to provide Ss with general knowledge in various subjects such as fine arts, humanities,natural sciences and social sciences,hence help Ss develop cognitive and critical thinking abilities.“通识教育（又译为博雅教育、人文教育、文科教育、通才教育、素质教育）”是与职业教育或技能教育相对立的一种教育理念。这一理念主张教育的目的是传授涉及艺术、人文、自然科学、社会科学等各个学科的基本知识，发展学生的理性思考和认知能力。☐The humanities are academic disciplines that study human culture:
☐Interdisciplinary, with social sciences & fine arts, including: classics (classical antiquity),
history, languages (linguistics), literature (all written work), law, philosophy, religion,
performing arts, visual arts, etc.
☐Historical rearch method (as v.s. empirical)☐Humanism(the Renaissance)
☐The main social sciences include: anthropology,communication studies, economics,education,geography,political science,psychology,sociology,etc.
☐As a major branch of science,its methodology can be qualitative and quantitative.
☐Historically,the five main fine arts were painting,sculpture,architecture,music and poetry,with performing arts including theater and dance.Today,additional forms include visual film,photography).☐Many believe that the liberal arts education prepares Ss for higher education at a university and it is meant for more academically-minded Ss.
frankenstein☐In the U.S.,liberal arts colleges are undergraduate institutions of higher education, with a high level of student-teacher interaction (full-time faculty,no graduate student TAs); smaller enrollment,class size&student-teacher ratios than universities.
•The liberal arts education prepares Ss for higher education at a university;thus is meant for more academically-minded Ss.•In the U.S.,liberal arts colleges are undergraduate institutions of higher education,with a high level of student-teacher interaction(full-time faculty,no graduate student TAs);smaller enrollment, class size&student-teacher ratios than universities.
A Current Concern in the West “Globalization rapidly growing information and communications technologies,and the hegemony of neoliberal ideology introduce new dimensions to the perennial challenge of having to justify liberal education as a rational,responsible undertaking in a democratic society.Private institutions are forced to market their wares to an increasingly consumerist public unwilling to pay a very high price for something who'value'is not tightly linked to a high-paying job upon graduation. "
英语四级多少分过关
Q: 1. What is the challenge? 2. What is the common attitude towards liberal education nowadays?
Fact1:In China,to get into university is a common goal among millions of high school Ss.
Fact2:It is doubtful that every student has a clear idea what to learn at university. Question:What do you think one should learn in his/her college life or what qualities a college student should posss upon graduation?(10 minutes)Some argue that, college Ss should posss the following qualities upon graduation:
I.Apprenticeships & vocational skills;
II.Language & articulation ability;
III.Teamwork skills(listening & questioning, persuading & respecting, helping & sharing, n of organization);
IV.Critical thinking skills (obrvation, interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, metacognition);
V. Adaptibility(being both flexible & versatile);
VI. Integrity & strong work ethic (honest, hard-working, trust-worthy, caring, etc).
Do you agree?
A Comparison
Chapter One ("The Liberal Arts: What is a Liberal Arts Education and Why is it Important Today") of Howard Greene and Matthew Greene's Hidden Ivies: Thirty Colleges of Excellence , defines the goals of a liberal arts education in the following manner:“In a complex, shifting world, it is esntial to develop a high degree of intellectual literacy and critical-thinking skills , a n of moral and ethical responsibility to one's
教育机构community, the ability to reason clearly, to think rationally, to analyze information intelligently, to respond to people in a compassionate and fair way, to continue learning new
information and concepts over a lifetime, to appreciate and gain pleasure from the beauty of the arts and literature and to u the as an inspiration and a solace when needed, to revert to our historical past for lessons that will help shape the future intelligently and avoid unnecessary
mistakes, to create a n of lf-esteem that comes from personal accomplishments and challenges met with success.”
A Comparison
So, a liberal arts education does matter , do you agree?
Then how will you answer the Q:
Why A Liberal Arts Education Matters?
Predicting (Text Content)
Group work (10 minutes)1.Skim the text to check whether your prediction is correct;
2.Share with the class what important bits you’ve got (e.g. text genre, key info).
Text Organization
Part
Para.(s)Main idea
I. Introduction
1-3II.
Main Body
What is liberal arts education?4-5Relevance of liberal
education in today's world
Introduce a counter-argument
6-7Relevance 1: Strengths
百度在线翻译器beneathsolesfor employment 8-12
Relevance 2:
Strengths for living
13-14
III. Conclusion
15
Summarization & Translation
Practice
Reading Comprehension &
Vocabulary
•What is a summary?
–a BRIEF restatement (about 1/4 to 1/3 the length of the original);
–to report back what the writer has said (NOT your opinion);–IN YOUR OWN WORDS.
•Summarizing is a process of "deletion (of trivia, redundance), generalization, lection (of key info) and construction."
The Skill of Summarizing
Group work (5 minutes)1.Read the introduction part (para.s 1-3);jog
2.Summarize it (in a few words) on a piece of paper;
3.Share with the class.
Tho students who aspire to higher goals may be interested in learning more about why the liberal arts education matter.(S next-to-last)
minionsaspire vi .direct one’s hopes or ambitions towards achieving sth.
If you aspire to sth.such as an important job, you have a strong desire to achieve it. You can also as
pire to do sth .
翻译：很多青少年都向往明星的生活。
实现国家的统一是整个民族的愿望。(n . form)
In para. 3
T h e s e b ro a d s k i l l s i n r e a s o n i n g a n d communication form the basis for success in one's personal aspirations as well.(S 1)
aspiration n .1. = inhalation, intake, inspiration; 2. = ambition, desire
< The reunification of the motherland is the shared aspiration of the entire Chine people.维护和平，促进发展，是各国人民的共同愿望。
词根：spir 来自拉丁语spirare 表示"呼吸"
spirit (spirare 的变形→有呼吸→有精神→________________)aspire (a-表加强+ spir + e→（看到渴望的东西时）呼吸急促→ ____________________)
empire (em-=im-表否定+spir +e →不能自由呼吸，被帝国皇
帝压迫地喘不过气来→_______)
inspire (in-进入，注入+ spir + e →吸气进去
→ _____________)conspire (con-共同+spir +e →同呼吸，一个鼻孔出气→_____)expire (ex-出+pire=spir →有出气没进气→断气→_____________________ )
perspire (per-全部+spir +e →全身呼吸→_____ )同谋期满,[期限]终止；呼气
出汗
精神、情绪帝国鼓励，激发灵感渴望；抱负、志向 1. 通识教育
2. 实用教育
3.竞争激烈的就业市场
4. 为做某事投入时间、金钱、精力
5. 有回报；还清
6. 挣钱养家糊口
7. 那些渴望实现更高
目标的人
1. a liberal arts education
2. a practical education
3. a competitive job market
4. the investment of time,
money and effort to do sth 5. to pay off 6. to earn a living for onelf
and one’s family
7. tho who aspire to higher goals Vocabulary: Paras. 1-3
Any question concerning para.s 1-3?
Group work (10 m)1.Summarize para.s 4-5 in a ntence or two;2.Share with the class.
The Greeks and Romans recognized that education arms a person to confront the influence of others critically.(S 4)
confront vt .
If you confront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it.
翻译：我们要学会直视困难而不是回避困难。[often be confronted with]:
If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty, you have to deal with it.
翻译：这个公司面临着严峻的资金问题。
In para. 4
Such a person is less easily manipulated and deceived.(S 5)
manipulate vt .
Synonyms: exploit , maneuver , rig (derog )
The verbs mean to influence, manage, u, or control to one's advantage by artful or indirect means.boat怎么读
to manipulate/maneuver sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 翻译：他是个极难对付的角色，总是把人玩弄于股掌之间。// 我不喜欢受人摆布。
In para. 4
Plato
(428/427 BC –348/347 BC)a classical philosopher
He, together with his mentor, Socrates , and his student, Aristotle,helped to lay the
foundation of Western philosophy.
The Republic 《理想国》;
the Academy in Athens “雅典学院”；
the Allegory of the Cave “洞穴隐喻”(effect of education)
The School of Athens / Scuola di Atene (Raphael Sanzio)《雅典学院》拉斐尔（油画）意大利）（1483 -1520）
Group work (8 m)
1.Summarize para.s 6-7 in a ntence;
2.Share with the class.
dojo
They are not sure it benefits young people in this world to have ideals they feel passionately about,to have broad interests that excite and consume them,and to have an awareness of the joys and sorrows of people who live far away,or next door.(S 2)参考译文：他们不确定对于年轻人来说以下做法是否有利：比如，胸怀理想信念并为此投入满腔热情；比如，培养广泛的兴趣爱好并投入很多精力；比如，能够感知世人的悲欢，无论是他是亲如近邻还是身在远方。
In para. 6
Any question concerning para.s 6-7?
•Plea read para.s 8 –14 and complete the following gapped summary.
A liberal arts education is relevant in today’s world becau it has strengths both for _____ and for _____. In the former aspect, it helps students gain
___________________; in the latter, it helps people realize personal aspirations and ________________________.
•Try to find out what all the “it”s refer to in para. 14.
男生英文名字大全Gap-filling Task
