托福备考托福阅读34套TPO样题+解析+译文TPO 31—2 Early Children Education

更新时间:2023-05-21 14:47:05 阅读: 评论:0

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TPO 31—2 Early Children Education
原文:
【1】Preschools—educational programs for children under the age of five—differ significantly from one country to another according to the views that different societies hold regarding the purpo of early childhood education. For instance, in a cross-country comparison of preschools in China, Japan,
few是什么意思and the United States, rearchers found that parents in the three countries view the purpo of preschools very differently. Whereas parents in China tend to e preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically, Japane parents view them primarily as a way of giving children the opportunity to be members of a group. In the United States, in comparison, parents regard the primary purpo of preschools as making children more independent and lf-reliant, although obtaining a good academic start and having group experience are also important.
【2】While many programs designed for preschoolers focus primarily on social and emotional factors, some are geared mainly toward promoting cognitive gains and preparing preschoolers for the formal instruction they will experience when they start kindergarten. In the United Stated, the best-known program designed to promote future academic success is Head Start. Established in the 1960s when the United States declared the War on Poverty, the program has rved over 13 million children and their families. The program, which stress parental involvement, was designed to rve the “whole child”, including children’s physical health, lf-confidence, social responsibility, and social and emotional development.
阿迪达斯最新广告曲【3】Whether Head Start is en as successful or not depends on the lens through which one is looking. If, for instance, the program is expected to provide long-term increas in IQ (intelligence qu
otient) scores, it is a disappointment. Although graduates of Head Start programs tend to show immediate IQ gains, the increas do lot last. On the other hand, it is clear that Head Start is meeting its goal of getting preschoolers ready for school. Preschoolers who participate in Head Start are better prepared for future schooling than tho who do not. Furthermore, graduates of Head Start programs have better future school grade. Finally, some rearch suggests that ultimately Head Start graduates show higher academic performance at the end of high school, although the gains are modest.
【4】In addition, results from other types of preschool readiness programs indicate that tho who participate and graduate are less like to repeat grades, and they are more like to complete school than readiness program, for every dollar spent on the program, taxpayers saved ven dollars by the time the graduated reached the age of 27.
【5】The most recent comprehensive evaluation of early intervention programs suggests that, taken as a group, preschool programs can provide significant benefits, and that government funds invested early in life may ultimately lead to a reduction in future costs. For instance, compared with children who did not participate in early intervention programs, participants in various programs showed gains in emotional or cognitive development, better educational outcomes, incread economic lf-
sufficiency, reduced levels of criminal activity, and improved health-related
behaviors. Of cour, not every program produced all the benefits, and not every child benefited to the same extent. Furthermore, some rearchers argue that less-expensive programs are just as good as relatively expensive ones, such as Head Start. Still, the results of the evaluation were promising, suggesting that the potential benefits of early intervention can be substantial.
【6】Not everyone agrees that programs that ek to enhance academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing. In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure at a young age. Elkind argues that academic success is largely dependent upon factors out of parents’ control, such as inherited abilities and a child’s rate of maturation. Conquently, children of a particular age cannot be expected to master educational material without taking into account their current level of cognitive development. In short, children require development appropriate educational practice, which is education that is bad on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.
sceo题目:
1.According to paragraph l, parents in Japan tend to think of preschool primarily as
a place where children canoverall是什么意思
< a good academic start.
C.become more independent.
2.The word "Whereas" in the passage is clot in meaning to
uboA.Although.
人教版三年级下册B.Becau.
C.Moreover.
D.Already.
经典电影
3.The word "focus" in the passage is clot in meaning to
2012年6月英语六级听力
tagged
D.advi.
4.It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that the Head Start program was designed to rve children who
< from families that do not have a lot of money.
B.are not doing very well in kindergarten.
C.were born in the 1950s.
必应翻译
5.According to paragraph 3, the Head Start program had NOT been successful at which of the following?
A.Helping children adjust to school.
B.Providing long-term increa in IQ scores.
C.Improving school performance throughout high school.

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