schimmel真正英语国家概况名词解释（全部版）
美国部分
1.Amerigo Vespucci---Amerigo Vespucci, a navigator, proved that the land was not India,but a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after.
2.the Mississippi---the mississippi has been called "father of waters" or "old man river",the mississippi and its tributaries drain one of the richest farm areas in the world.it is the most important river in the world.
石旻玥
它与它的支流流经世界上最富饶的农业区之一。
3.Hispanics---it stands for the spanish-speaking population of the united states.the people mainly center in new mexico,california and texas.there are three major hispanic groups historically having the great influence on the us.they are chicanos,the puerto ricans and the cuban-americans.
4.WASPS---WASPS are the mainstream americans,refering to the white Anglo-saxon protestants.
5.baby boom--baby boom refers to the higher birth rate between 1946 and 1964.
6.the great lakes---the great lakes are the most important lakes in the united states.they are lake superior,lake michigan,lake huron,lake Eire and lake ontario.
环球雅思学校7.Ellis island---Ellis island was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890 and at the turn of the century.
8."the great compromi"---"the great compromi" of july 16,giving each state an equal vote in the Senate but making reprentation in the Hou reflect the size of each state's population. " 大妥协 ", 即参议院中各州有相同的选举权 , 而众议院代表应按各洲人口比例产生 .
9.the Emancipation Proclamation---during the civil war,lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the union at home and abroad.It granted freedom to
all slaves. 解放宣言 , 由林肯颁布 , 为了得到国内外对联邦的支持 . 解放宣言给了所有奴隶以自由 .
10.no taxtation without reprentation---that is ,without their reprentatives taking part in decisionmaking,they had no obligation to pay taxes.
没有代表权不交税,就是说他们如果对殖民地的事务决策没有代表权,他们将没有义务缴纳税金.
11.the Chine Exclution Act---it was pasd by the u.s congress in may1882,it stopped chine immigration for ten years.
排华法案在 1882 年5月由美国国会通过,它10 年内禁止中国移民入境.
12.Indentured rvants---indenture rvants refer to some immigrants who has to work for a fixed term for their masters to repay the cross-atlantic fare and debts. 契约佣工,指一些移民必须要在一个限定的时期里为他们的雇主工作来偿还他们横渡大西洋的费用和债务.
13.boston tea party( 考过 )---in 1773,when ships of tea reached boston and the governor was determind to e that tea was legally protected in its distribution,veral dozen boston residents dresd as indians boarded the ships at night and threw $75,000 worth of tea into the harbor.this came to be known as the "boston tea party".自我暗示
belive波士顿倾茶事件, 1773 年,当
满载茶叶的船只到达波士顿时,总督大人决定看看,以确保茶叶卸载时得到合法保护,晚上,几个波士顿居民化装成印度人来到船上仍掉了价值 75 , 000 的茶叶.这就是著名的波士顿倾茶事件.
14.continental divide---it is an imaginary line that parates streams that flow into the pacific ocean from tho that flow into the atlantic.
那是一条难以想象的线,将流入太平洋和流入大西洋的河流划分开来.
sin city
15.federalists---they were tho who demanded a strong national system and who later struggle hard for the ratification of the consititution. 联邦制拥护者就是指那些要求建立坚
固的国家体系,之后又为宪法的通过全力奋斗的人.
16.the gettysburg address---it refers to the short speech president lincoln made when he dedicated the national cemetery at gettysburg. He ended the speech with “the government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish死亡 from the earth”.葛底斯堡（地址），指林肯在阵亡将士墓落成仪式上发表的一个简短的演说
一月的英文17.the ku klux klan
the kkk was the first organized in 1866 and then reformed in 1867.the kkk terrorized and attaked not only blacks,but also progressives,labor union organizers communist or socialist party members.三K党，最早成立在1866年，后在1867年重组，他们进行恐怖活动，不仅攻击黑人、而且还迫害进步人士、工会组织者、社会主义和共产主义党派成员。
18.muckrakers---muckrakers were reform-minded journalists who made investigation and expod the dark sides of the society.the dream team
黑幕揭发者,是指那些调查和揭露社会黑色的一面的富有改革思想的记者.
19.intolerant nationalism---that is,not allowing views,oppinions or beliefs different from the main trend of views or beliefs.偏执国家主义,是不允许不同于主流的那些观点和信仰等存在.
20.the red scare---the red scare ,on november 7,1919 and january 2,1920,the justice department lauched two waves of arrests,over 4,000 suspected radicals and communists were arrested. 红色恐惧，在1919年12月7日和1920年1月2日，司法部发动了两次抓捕活动，大约4000名被怀疑是激进分子和共产党的人被逮捕。
21.the progressive movement---the progressive movement refers to the movement demanding the goverment regulation of the economy and social condition.
进步运动，指调整经济和社会状况的运动。
cereals22.overload---at the first summit ,it was decided that a large-scale attack on the south of france would be lauched in May,1944,which was codenamed overload.霸王行动，在第一次首脑会议上，决定在1944年5月向法国南部发动大面积进攻，代号为霸王行动。
confluence
